做者:知乎@Ai醬node
- 安裝UR機器人ROS包
$ sudo apt-get install ros-kinetic-universal-robot
- 查詢下看看有哪些包是和UR機器相關
$ sudo rospack list | grep ur
ur5_moveit_config /opt/ros/kinetic/share/ur5_moveit_config moveit!配置功能包 ur_description /opt/ros/kinetic/share/ur_description UR機器模型包 ur_gazebo /opt/ros/kinetic/share/ur_gazebo UR機器人仿真包 ur_kinematics /opt/ros/kinetic/share/ur_kinematics UR機器人運動學求解
- 在Gazebo中啓動UR5機器人
$ roslaunch ur_gazebo ur5.launch
- 瞭解一個機器人首先得了解怎麼發送命令控制它。在ROS中是用過topic和service這兩種通訊機制實現發送命令和接收數據。topic是單方面通訊,就是我只管發無論收,或只管收不發東西。service這種是雙向通訊,我既能夠發給你,你也能夠反饋信息給我。他們通訊的格式叫作message(不是咱們理解的消息),這是指消息的格式。
- 查看下UR機器人給咱們提供了那些topic通訊接口。
~$ rostopic list /arm_controller/command /arm_controller/follow_joint_trajectory/cancel /arm_controller/follow_joint_trajectory/feedback /arm_controller/follow_joint_trajectory/goal /arm_controller/follow_joint_trajectory/result /arm_controller/follow_joint_trajectory/status /arm_controller/state /calibrated /clock /gazebo/link_states /gazebo/model_states /gazebo/parameter_descriptions /gazebo/parameter_updates /gazebo/set_link_state /gazebo/set_model_state /gazebo_gui/parameter_descriptions /gazebo_gui/parameter_updates /joint_states /rosout /rosout_agg /tf /tf_static
使用MoveIt控制UR5機器人蔘見:https://blog.csdn.net/varyshare/article/details/89212971
運行UR5機器人三行命令,每行命令都是得在一個新的獨立terminal命令行終端裏面執行。python
roslaunch ur_gazebo ur5.launch limited:=true roslaunch ur5_moveit_config ur5_moveit_planning_execution.launch sim:=true limited:=true roslaunch ur5_moveit_config moveit_rviz.launch config:=true
rqt可視化很是有用:啓動rqt命令 rosrun rqt_gui rqt_gui
,rqt簡直是ROS中的J20啊,太有用了。不知道下載的包各消息接口的時候能夠用rqt能夠可視化的顯示消息並且還能夠監聽消息。不知道如今運行的節點有哪些,它也能夠可視化顯示。git
UR5有用的一些消息接口
獲取機械臂速度和位置信息監聽topic:/arm_controller/state
獲取機械臂位置和姿態、角速度和速度監聽topic:/gazebo/link_states
。pose是位姿,twist是線速度角速度。
能獲取意味着能發送命令控制它。
還有能夠獲取位置和線速度方法:joint_states
github
怎麼編程控制UR5機器人
首先把安裝的包都加入到catkin工做空間
catkin config --extend /opt/ros/kinetic
。編程
catkin 命令不存在?請嘗試這個安裝catkin
sudo apt-get install ros-kinetic-catkin python-catkin-tools
python控制UR5機器人隨機轉動參考:https://github.com/vfdev-5/move_group_tutorial_ur5app
#!/usr/bin/python # Gazebo UR5 # Send joint values to UR5 using messages # from std_msgs.msg import Header from trajectory_msgs.msg import JointTrajectory from math import * from random import uniform from trajectory_msgs.msg import JointTrajectoryPoint import rospy # [0.0, -pi/2, pi/2, pi/3, 0, -pi/10] # waypoints = [[uniform(-pi, pi) for _ in range(0,6)], [0,0,0,0,0,0]] def main(): rospy.init_node('send_joints') pub = rospy.Publisher('/arm_controller/command', JointTrajectory, queue_size=10) # Create the topic message traj = JointTrajectory() traj.header = Header() # Joint names for UR5 traj.joint_names = ['shoulder_pan_joint', 'shoulder_lift_joint', 'elbow_joint', 'wrist_1_joint', 'wrist_2_joint', 'wrist_3_joint'] rate = rospy.Rate(1) cnt = 0 pts = JointTrajectoryPoint() traj.header.stamp = rospy.Time.now() while not rospy.is_shutdown(): pts.positions = [uniform(0,pi),uniform(0,-pi/2),uniform(0,pi),uniform(0,pi),uniform(0,pi),uniform(0,pi)] pts.time_from_start = rospy.Duration(1.0) cnt+=1 cnt%=2 # Set the points to the trajectory traj.points = [] traj.points.append(pts) # Publish the message pub.publish(traj) rate.sleep() if __name__ == '__main__': try: main() except rospy.ROSInterruptException: print ("Program interrupted before completion")
MoveIt!工做機制
全部的接口都是和名字叫作move_group的這個節點通訊。
機械臂關節點信息是經過Robot Sensors這個節點獲取。
dom