voxel 與 pixel

中文名稱:體素,即顧名思義是體積的像素。用來在三維空間中表示一個顯示基本點的單位。相似於二維平面下的pixel像素)。html

voxel是三維空間中定義一個點的圖象信息的單位。在平面中定義一個點要兩個座標X和Y就夠了,而在三維世界中還要有一個座標。光有位置還不行,還要有顏色等信息,這就是voxel的含義。express

 

 

 

A voxel is a unit of graphic information that defines a point in three-dimensional space. Since a pixel (picture element) defines a point in two dimensional space with its x and y coordinates , a third z coordinate is needed. In 3-D space, each of the coordinates is defined in terms of its position, color, and density. Think of a cube where any point on an outer side is expressed with an x , y coordinate and the third, z coordinate defines a location into the cube from that side, its density, and its color. With this information and 3-D rendering software, a two-dimensional view from various angles of an image can be obtained and viewed at your computer.ide

Medical practitioners and researchers are now using images defined by voxels and 3-D software to view X-rays, cathode tube scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from different angles, effectively to see the inside of the body from outside. Geologists can create 3-D views of earth profiles based on sound echoes. Engineers can view complex machinery and material structures to look for weaknesses.post

 

Voxel Vs LODthis

 

目前的地形渲染技術主要有兩種Voxel和LOD,下面我來作個簡單的介紹。url

Voxel 也就是Volumetric Pixel。也就是所謂的「體素」,它是相對於像素來講的,若是說像素是一個二維的矩形的話,那麼Voxel就是一個三維的立方體。它的原理是比較簡單的。James Sharman自稱他在1995年時就想出了這種方法。前面的提到的Delta Force遊戲就是使用了Voxel 技術。關於Voxel的細節技術不是本文的重點,我不許備作深刻的介紹。Voxel有一個天生的優勢就是渲染的時候它和場景的大小沒有關係,並且絕對不會渲染多餘的東西(自帶裁剪功能)。它的複雜度只和咱們須要的視野,以及分辨率有關。並且能夠在不使用硬件加速的狀況下達到比較理想的速度(Delta Force I就沒有使用硬件加速),生成的圖象也比較的細膩。它的缺點就是不夠的靈活。spa

LOD 也就是層次細節(Level of Detail)的簡稱,不一樣於Voxel技術,它是一種使用多邊形的,真正的 3D渲染技術。它根據必定的規則來簡化物體的細節,咱們能夠根據須要來選擇不一樣細節程度的物體表達方式。如離觀察者近的選擇較高的細節程度、反之選擇較底的細節程度。用在地形渲染中,有時咱們也稱它爲多分辨率地形(Muti-resolution terrain)渲染技術。orm

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