交叉編譯GDB

#文中arm-926ejs-linux-gnueabi-gcc爲筆者使用crosstool-ng製做的工具鏈
#請注意交叉工具鏈的搜索路徑

【一】下載源碼包

gdb官網下載，這裏下載的是gdb-7.8.2.tar.xz，放在~/Downloads下。
http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/

依賴庫ncurses，這裏下載的是ncurses-5.9.tar.gz，放在~/Downloads下。
https://www.gnu.org/software/ncurses/

依賴庫termcap，這裏下載的是termcap-1.3.1.tar.gz，放在~/Downloads下。
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/termcap/

【二】宿主機準備個人PC的操做系統爲ubuntu 14.04 x64，非debian系的請自行解決。
# 1.運行庫和工具準備
sudo apt-get install bison flex expect-dev build-essential m4 autoconf automake texi2html
# 2.建立安裝目錄，並增長寫入權限，方便安裝。全部交叉編譯的庫和軟件都會被安裝在這裏
mkdir /opt/arm_root
sudo chmod a+w /opt/arm_root
# 3.建立編譯目錄
mkdir ~/buildspace

【三】交叉編譯在ARM上運行的gdb和gdbserver
#1.termcap

cd ~buildspace
tar xf ~/Downloads/termcap-1.3.1.tar.gz
cd termcap-1.3.1
CC=arm-926ejs-linux-gnueabi-gcc ./configure --prefix=/opt/arm_root
make
make install

make install的時候報錯/usr/bin/install: cannot remove ‘/usr/include/termcap.h’: Permission denied 不用理它……都指定了prefix，還往默認目錄寫頭文件
# 2.ncurses

cd ~/buildspace
tar xf ~/Downloads/ncurses-5.9.tar.gz
cd ncurses-5.9
./configure --prefix=/opt/arm_root --host=arm-926ejs-linux-gnueabi --with-shared　　#--host=交叉編譯器前綴。
make 
make install

# 3.gdb

cd ~/buildspace
tar xf ~/Downloads/gdb-7.8.2.tar.xz
mv gdb-7.8.2 gdb-7.8.2_arm
cd gdb-7.8.2_arm
./configure --host=arm-926ejs-linux-gnueabi --target=arm-926ejs-linux-gnueabi --prefix=/opt/arm_root --enable-static LDFLAGS="-L/opt/arm_root/lib" CFLAGS="-I/opt/arm_root/include" #指定庫和頭文件的路徑
make
make install

完成後在/opt/arm_root/bin下就有在ARM上運行的gdb和gdbserver了。

【四】編譯pc上運行，與gdbserver相同版本的gdb
實際上不一樣版本也能用，只是可能出現兼容性問題
從新解壓一份gdb源碼，用pc的gcc編譯，指定target爲咱們的交叉工具鏈前綴便可

cd ~/buildspace
tar xf ~/Downloads/gdb-7.8.2.tar.xzmv gdb-7.8.2 gdb-7.8.2_arm
cd gdb-7.8.2
./configure --target=arm-926ejs-linux-gnueabi --enable-static  #使用操做系統的庫
make
cp gdb/gdb ~/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gdb

編譯完成後，就能在~/buildspace/gdb-7.8.2/gdb下找到生成的gdb文件，拷貝出來重命名便可。

【五】配置嵌入式設備
#1.拷貝文件
#動態庫
cp /opt/arm_root/lib/*.so* /home/rootfs/lib
#可執行文件
cd /opt/arm_root/bin
cp gdb gdbserver gcore /home/rootfs/usr/local/bin

#去除可執行文件的符號信息，減少體積
cd /home/rootfs/usr/local/bin/
arm-926ejs-linux-gnueabi-strip gdb
arm-926ejs-linux-gnueabi-strip gdbserver

#拷貝終端類型數據庫
mkdir /home/rootfs/usr/share -p
cp /opt/arm_root/share/terminfo /home/rootfs/usr/share

#2.配置環境變量
修改/etc/profile，確保有如下兩行

export TERM=vt102
export TERMINFO=/usr/share/terminfo

#3.測試
更新文件系統後，啓動gdb，輸入ctrl+x a（就是先按一次CTRL+X，鬆開再按一下A）切換到TUI模式。經過串口（minicom）運行就是以下這種樣子，行號左側B+表示有斷點，>爲當前行且會被高亮

   lqqvin.cqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk
   x25      //                                                                 x
   x26      //}                                                                x
   x27      #define VIDIOCSPREVIEW                          _IOR('v',43, int)  x
   x28      int main()                                                         x
   x29      {                                                                  x
B+>x30              int fd = open("/dev/video0", O_RDWR);                      x
   x31              if(fd == 0)                                                x
   x32              {                                                          x
   x33                      printf("open failed\n");                           x
   x34                      return -1;                                         x
   x35              }                                                          x
   x36              struct video_capability cap;                               x
   x37              int ret = ioctl(fd,VIDIOCGCAP,&cap);                       x
   mqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqj
native process 419 In: main                               Line: 30   PC: 0x85c4 
(gdb) b main
Breakpoint 1 at 0x85c4: file vin.c, line 30.
(gdb) r
Starting program: /mnt/nfs/626_app/vin 

Breakpoint 1, main () at vin.c:30
(gdb)  

須要注意,程序自己的輸出可能破壞TUI的顯示

 

如下是在用omapl138時編寫的腳本

################################################################
PATH_CROSS=/opt/arm-linux-gcc/omap_4.3.3/bin;
echo $PATH > /tmp/path_;
touch /tmp/path;
if [ -z `grep $PATH_CROSS /tmp/path` ];
then
    echo $PATH:$PATH_CROSS > /tmp/path;
fi;
PATH=`cat /tmp/path`;
rm /tmp/path;
rm /tmp/path_;

################################################################
TOP=`pwd`;
TARGET=arm-none-linux-gnueabi;
ARMROOT=/opt/omapl138_root

################################################################
TERMCAP=termcap-1.3.1
echo -n "building termcap ..."
if true;
then
    cd $TOP;
    if [ -d $TERMCAP ]; then rm -rf $TERMCAP; fi;
    tar xf $TERMCAP.tar.*;
    cd $TERMCAP;
    CC=$TARGET-gcc ./configure --prefix=$ARMROOT;
    make -j4;
    make install;
fi > $TOP/termcap.log 2>&1;
echo "done"
#############################################################
NCURSES=ncurses-5.9
echo -n "building ncurses ..."
if true;
then
    cd $TOP;
    if [ -d $NCURSES ]; then rm -rf $NCURSES; fi;
    tar xf $NCURSES.tar.*;
    cd $NCURSES;
    ./configure --prefix=$ARMROOT --host=$TARGET --with-shared
    make -j4
    make install
fi > $TOP/ncurses.log 2>&1;
echo "done"
###############################################################
GDB=gdb-7.9.1
echo "building gdb ..."
echo -ne "\t decompressing ..."
cd $TOP;
if [ -d gdb_arm ]; then rm -rf gdb_arm; fi;
if [ -d gdb_pc ]; then rm -rf gdb_pc; fi;
tar xf $GDB.tar.*;
cp $GDB -r gdb_arm;
mv $GDB gdb_pc;
echo "done"

echo -ne "\t building gdb running on arm ..."
if true;
then
    cd $TOP/gdb_arm;
    ./configure --host=$TARGET --target=$TARGET --prefix=$ARMROOT --enable-static LDFLAGS="-L$ARMROOT/lib" CFLAGS="-I$ARMROOT/include"
    make -j4
    make install
fi > $TOP/gdb_arm.log 2>&1
echo "done"

echo -ne "\t building "$TARGET-gdb" running on pc ..."
if true;
then
    cd $TOP/gdb_pc;
    ./configure --target=$TARGET --enable-static
    make -j4
    cp gdb/gdb $TOP/$TARGET-gdb;
fi > $TOP/gdb_pc.log 2>&1;
echo "done"
echo -e "\t done"
###############################################################