數據備份固然是爲數據恢復準備,新環境的oracle一直在進行備份,但都沒有測試驗證備份的有效性,因此本次測試的重要性不言而喻了!如下爲WIN平臺下RMAN異機恢復實例。java
源庫sql |
目標庫數據庫 |
|
操做系統oracle |
WIN SVR 2008 R2app |
WIN SVR 2008 R2dom |
主機名ide |
Ora測試 |
ORATESTspa |
IP操作系統 |
192.168.18.20 |
192.168.18.25 |
數據庫版本 |
11.2.0.1.0 |
11.2.0.1.0 |
存儲方式 |
單實例 |
單實例 |
ORACLE_HOME |
D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1 |
D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1 |
ORACLE_SID |
HWPROD |
HWPROD |
源庫備份操做:
相關備份配置及腳本以下:
RMAN> show all;
db_unique_name 爲 HWPROD 的數據庫的 RMAN 配置參數爲:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERYWINDOW OF 3 DAYS; #保留備份爲3天
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; #default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; #default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; #須要打開自動備份
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FORDEVICE TYPE DISK TO 'e:\data_backup\
ctl_%F.bak'; #指定備份控制文件及參數文件備份路徑格式
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICETYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FORDEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; #default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; #default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; #default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' ASOF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOA
D TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TONONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHO
ME_1\DATABASE\SNCFHWPROD.ORA'; # default
full_backup.sql
run{ allocate channel d1 type disk; allocate channel d2 type disk; backup as compressed backupset fulldatabase format 'e:\data_backup\full_%d_%s_%p_%u_%t.bak'; sql 'alter system archive logcurrent'; backup archivelog all format'e:\data_backup\log_%d_%s_%p_%u_%t.bak' delete all input; release channel d1; release channel d2; report obsolete; crosscheck backup; delete noprompt expired backup; delete noprompt obsolete; }
full_backup.bat
set oracle_sid=hwprod set d=%date:~,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2% echo=>e:\rman_script\log\full_backup_%d%.log rman target /cmdfile=e:\rman_script\full_backup.sqlmsglog=e:\rman_script\log\full_backup_%d%.log
RMAN恢復思路步驟:
初始化數據庫,安裝相同環境;
恢復參數文件;
恢復控制文件;
啓動數據庫到MOUNT狀態,利用控制文件進行數據恢復;
查看歸檔日誌備份sequence;
Restore –recover—alter database open ressetlogs;
驗證;
設置監聽
一、 系統安裝完成後,安裝ORACLE軟件,選擇只安裝軟件,並安裝與源庫相同路徑,而後把相關備份文件拷貝到原備份路徑,爲避免沒必要要的麻煩,建議設置與源庫一致。
2、創建相關的密碼文件,服務,監聽器,不然沒法鏈接DB
C:\Users\Administrator>D: D:\>cd D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>orapwd file=D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\pwdhwprod.ora password=oracle entries=5; D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>oradim -new -sid HWPROD -startmode m 實例已建立。 D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>set ORACLE_SID=HWPROD
D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>
D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>sqlplus/ as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 4月 21 14:19:482017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
已鏈接到空閒例程。
SQL>
此時能夠鏈接到DB了。
3、手動創建一個pfile文件(目的是使用數據庫啓動到nomount狀態),放到D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database目錄下,inithwprod.ora內容以下:
db_name=HWPROD
java_pool_size=4194304
large_pool_size=4194304
shared_pool_size=96468992
以此pfile啓動數據庫到nomount狀態:
SQL> startuppfile='D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\inithwprod.ora' nomount;
ORACLE 例程已經啓動。
Total System Global Area 162873344 bytes
Fixed Size 2173800 bytes
Variable Size 104858776 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5509120 bytes
4、切換到RMAN下,並SETDBID=3279461817(源庫DBID):
5、建立flash_recovery_area、ORADATA目錄,不然恢復數據時會報錯ORA-01263: Name given for file destination directory is invalid 。
創建相關目錄:
六、恢復spfile文件:
Restore SPfile文件,找到源spfile備份相關文件進行恢復:
RMAN> restore spfile from'e:\data_backup\CTL_C-3279461817-20180116-00.BAK';
恢復參數文件完成後,shutdown 數據庫,退出RMAN,找到恢復的參數文件把相關參數copy並修改到inithwprod.ora文件裏(這裏應該注意,源庫可能空間較大,若是設置不當,啓動數據庫到nomount時會報ORA-27102 out of memory 等錯誤,因此關於sga,pga等酌情根據目標庫修改)
如下爲修改後的inithwprod.ora文件內容:
hwprod.__java_pool_size=33554432 hwprod.__large_pool_size=33554432 hwprod.__oracle_base='d:\app\Administrator'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment hwprod.__pga_aggregate_target=536870912 hwprod.__sga_target=536870912 hwprod.__shared_io_pool_size=0 hwprod.__shared_pool_size=536870912 hwprod.__streams_pool_size=16777216 *.audit_file_dest='d:\app\Administrator\admin\hwprod\adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.0.0' *.control_files='d:\app\Administrator\oradata\hwprod\control01.ctl','d:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\hwprod\control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='hwprod_test' *.db_name='hwprod' *.db_recovery_file_dest='d:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648 *.diagnostic_dest='d:\app\Administrator' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=hwprodXDB)' *.log_archive_format='ARC%S_%R.%T' *.memory_target=1073741824 *.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE' *.nls_territory='CHINA' *.open_cursors=100 *.processes=500 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
修改完成後再進入RMAN,並把數據庫startup nomount 狀態
SQL> startup nomount pfile='D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\inithwprod.ora' ;
7、此時能夠進行恢復控制文件,找到源控制文件備份相關文件進行恢復:
RMAN> restore controlfile from'E:\data_backup\CTL_C-3279461817-20170427-01';
控制文件恢復完成後,接下來把數據庫修改成MOUNT狀態:
8、查看歸檔日誌備份的狀態,其最大sequence爲18437
RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;
9、進行數據文件恢復:
RMAN> run { 2> set until sequence 18437; 3> restore database; 4> }
RMAN> run { 2> set until sequence 18437; 3> recover database; 4> }
10、resetlogs 打開數據庫:
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
11、查看數據庫狀態:
12、添加註冊表SID:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_OraDb11g_home1 "ORACLE_SID"="HWPROD"
13、建立SPfile參數文件
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
能夠看到相關路徑已經建立新的參數文件:
14、重啓數據庫,是否以SPFILE啓動:
SQL> select decode(count(*),1,'spfile','pfile') from v$spparameter where rownum=1 and isspecified = 'TRUE';
15、修改listener.ora,tnsnames.ora
listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File:D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = HWPROD) (ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1) (SID_NAME = HWPROD) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ORATEST)(PORT = 1521)) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER =D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\log
tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. HWPROD = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.18.25)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = HWPROD) ) )
查看監聽狀態:
驗證數據,OK!
2018-01-16更新
參考:http://blog.itpub.net/29119536/viewspace-1171894/