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1.搭建環境java
Struts2:2.5.10web
Spring:4.3.8.RELEASEspring
注意:其餘版本在某些特性的使用上可能稍微存在差異apache
2.準備工做tomcat
使用Eclipse或IDEA建立一個maven項目,本次SSH的框架搭建主要以註解方式實現爲主。app
3.Spring和Struts2整合框架
整合內容:此整合主要是將Struts2的Action的建立工做交由Spring進行統一管理,主要是使用Spring的控制反轉和依賴注入功能。ssh
3.1 首先引入Spring和Struts2的核心jar包,又因本項目是web項目,所以還需由於spring-web.jar包,以及Spring和Struts2整合所需的struts2-spring-plugin.jar。jsp
struts2-spring-plugin.jar必須放在Spring依賴後面,緣由能夠參考:http://www.cnblogs.com/jinjiyese153/p/6972030.html
因此須要在pom.xml中引入四個jar包的依賴(這四個jar包的相關依賴maven會自動幫咱們引入,因此不需咱們配置)
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.ssh</groupId> <artifactId>SSH</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <properties> <!-- 統一源碼的編碼方式 --> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <!-- 統一各個框架版本 --> <struts.version>2.5.10</struts.version> <spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- Junit依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- Spring 核心依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring web依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Struts2 核心依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>${struts.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Struts2和Spring整合依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId> <version>${struts.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <!-- 統一源代碼編譯輸出的JDK版本 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.5.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 打包時跳過單元測試 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.19.1</version> <configuration> <skipTests>true</skipTests> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 集成Tomcat插件 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <configuration> <path>/${project.artifactId}</path> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
3.2 在web.xml中配置Struts2過濾器和Spring的監聽器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- 配置Struts2過濾器 --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置Spring的監聽器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 指定Spring配置文件所在路徑 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> </web-app>
3.3 建立一個測試頁面index.jsp(新增商品界面)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>新增商品界面</title> </head> <body> <h1>新增商品</h1> <s:actionmessage/> <s:form action="product_save" method="post" namespace="/" theme="simple"> <table width="600px"> <tr> <th>商品名稱</th> <td><s:textfield name="pname"/></td> <td><font color="red"><s:fielderror fieldName="pname"/></font></td> </tr> <tr> <th>商品價格</th> <td><s:textfield name="price"/></td> <td><font color="red"><s:fielderror fieldName="price"/></font></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> <input type="submit" value="保存"/> </th> <th> </th> </tr> </table> </s:form> </body> </html>
3.4 建立商品的實體類(Product.java)
package org.ssh.product.model; public class Product { private int pid;// 商品ID private String pname;// 商品名稱 private double price;// 商品價格 public int getPid() { return pid; } public void setPid(int pid) { this.pid = pid; } public String getPname() { return pname; } public void setPname(String pname) { this.pname = pname; } public double getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(double price) { this.price = price; } }
3.5 建立商品操做控制層(ProductAction.java)
package org.ssh.product.action; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; /** * 商品操做-控制層 * */ public class ProductAction extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String pname; private double price; /** * 保存商品操做 * * @return */ public String saveProduct() { System.out.println(pname); this.addActionMessage("保存成功..."); return SUCCESS; } public String getPname() { return pname; } public void setPname(String pname) { this.pname = pname; } public double getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(double price) { this.price = price; } @Override public void validate() { if(pname == null || "".equals(pname.trim())) { this.addFieldError("pname", "商品名稱不能爲空"); } } }
3.6 建立struts.xml,並建立Struts2的資源文件messageResource.properties
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> <struts> <!-- 默認訪問頁面 --> <package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/"> <default-action-ref name="default"/> <action name="default"> <result>/WEB-INF/view/index.jsp</result> </action> </package> <!-- 商品相關請求轉發 --> <!-- Struts2在2.5版本後添加strict-method-invocation(嚴格方法訪問),默認爲true,不能使用動態方法調用功能,故需設爲false --> <package name="product" extends="struts-default" namespace="/" strict-method-invocation="false"> <!-- 保存商品 --> <action name="product_*" class="productAction" method="{1}Product"> <result>WEB-INF/view/index.jsp</result> <result name="input">WEB-INF/view/index.jsp</result> </action> </package> <!-- 引入資源文件 --> <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="messageResource"></constant> </struts>
messageResource.properties
invalid.fieldvalue.price = \u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u8f93\u5165\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\u8bef
3.7 建立applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 開啓包掃描,並註冊註解 --> <context:component-scan base-package="org.ssh.*"/> </beans>
3.8 當開啓包掃描後,須要給相應的類添加註解,因此ProdcutAction.java添加@Controller註解;此時Action已交由Spring進行管理。可是Struts2對Action的默認做用域是多實例的(prototype),而Spring默認Bean的做用域是單實例的,因此需設置Action的做用域爲多實例的。二者區別可參考http://www.cnblogs.com/jinjiyese153/p/6970683.html
3.9 此時Action的建立應該交由Spring進行管理,因此將struts.xml中的class改成productAction(@Controller未指定名稱,所以默認類名首字母小寫)
3.10 啓動項目,查看結果
1) 啓動
2)數據正常
3)數據格式錯誤
至此,Spring和Struts2的整合完成。接下來要進行Spring和Hibernate的整合。