centos7之Mysql安裝

時間 2019-11-09

原文原文鏈接

環境準備

　　從CentOS 7.0發佈以來，yum源中開始使用mariadb來代替MySQL的安裝。即便你輸入的是yum install mysql , 顯示的也是mariadb的安裝內容。mysql

　　首先先卸載mariadb。web

　　檢查mariadb是否已安裝sql

[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep mariadb  
mariadb-libs.x86_64                  1:5.5.56-2.el7                    @anaconda

　　所有卸載oracle

[root@localhost ~]#  yum -y remove mariadb*  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                  Arch                               Version                                       Repository                             Size
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 mariadb-libs                             x86_64                             1:5.5.56-2.el7                                @anaconda                             4.4 M
Removing for dependencies:
 postfix                                  x86_64                             2:2.10.1-6.el7                                @anaconda                              12 M

Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Remove  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Installed size: 17 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Erasing    : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                       1/2 
  Erasing    : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                  2/2 
  Verifying  : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                  1/2 
  Verifying  : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                       2/2 

Removed:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7                                                                                                                                   

Dependency Removed:
  postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7                                                                                                                                        

Complete!

卸載默認安裝的mariadb

安裝Mysql

　　1、下載安裝官方提供的yum rpm包ide

　　下載網頁：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/post

　　點擊Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (Architecture Independent), RPM Package後面的download，進入新的頁面點擊No thanks, just start my download.就能夠看到下載源地址了。ui

　　下載wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpmthis

wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

　　安裝rpm包spa

rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

　　檢查mysql的yum源是否安裝成功：yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*" rest

[root@localhost src]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64       MySQL Connectors Community           51
mysql-tools-community/x86_64            MySQL Tools Community                63
mysql80-community/x86_64                MySQL 8.0 Community Server           17

　　2、使用yum install mysql-server安裝（這裏會有點慢）

yum -y  install mysql-server

1 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qi mysql-community-server
2 Name : mysql-community-server
3 Version : 8.0.11
4 Release : 1.el7
5 Architecture: x86_64
6 Install Date: Thu 17 May 2018 09:40:08 PM EDT
7 Group : Applications/Databases
8 Size : 1633523890
9 License : Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Under GPLv2 license as shown in the Description field.
10 Signature : DSA/SHA1, Sun 08 Apr 2018 01:07:21 PM EDT, Key ID 8c718d3b5072e1f5
11 Source RPM : mysql-community-8.0.11-1.el7.src.rpm
12 Build Date : Sun 08 Apr 2018 03:29:08 AM EDT
13 Build Host : siv27.no.oracle.com
14 Relocations : (not relocatable)
15 Packager : MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>
16 Vendor : Oracle and/or its affiliates
17 URL : http://www.mysql.com/
18 Summary : A very fast and reliable SQL database server
19 Description :
20 The MySQL(TM) software delivers a very fast, multi-threaded, multi-user,
21 and robust SQL (Structured Query Language) database server. MySQL Server
22 is intended for mission-critical, heavy-load production systems as well
23 as for embedding into mass-deployed software. MySQL is a trademark of
24 Oracle and/or its affiliates
25
26 The MySQL software has Dual Licensing, which means you can use the MySQL
27 software free of charge under the GNU General Public License
28 (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/). You can also purchase commercial MySQL
29 licenses from Oracle and/or its affiliates if you do not wish to be bound by the terms of
30 the GPL. See the chapter "Licensing and Support" in the manual for
31 further info.
32
33 The MySQL web site (http://www.mysql.com/) provides the latest news and
34 information about the MySQL software. Also please see the documentation
35 and the manual for more information.
36
37 This package includes the MySQL server binary as well as related utilities
38 to run and administer a MySQL server.

查看版本信息

　　3、啓動mysql

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start  
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service

　　4、使用初始密碼登陸

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep 'A temporary password' 
2018-05-18T02:01:17.558742Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: belPU>iuF4*H

　　最後一行冒號後面的部分belPU>iuF4*H就是初始密碼。

　　5、mysql5.7開始對root密碼複雜性要求很高，必須有數字、字母大小寫、符號（應該是須要8位以上），這裏我麼還查show databases；不了。

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.11

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

　　只須要把root密碼更改的複雜一些便可。

　　更改密碼方法：

解決辦法
一、 修改用戶密碼
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'youpassword';  

或者（下面這個只能修改當前登陸的用戶密碼）       

mysql> set password=password("youpassword");
二、刷新權限
mysql> flush privileges;

　　示例

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'qA123,./';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

　　重啓mysqld服務。

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld.service

經常使用的命令：

systemctl start mysqld    #啓動mysqld
systemctl stop mysqld    #中止mysqld
systemctl restart mysqld    #重啓mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld   #設置開機啓動

systemctl status mysqld    #查看 MySQL Server 狀態