javascript base64 編碼,兼容ie6789

用Javascript進行base64編碼,在高版本的IE瀏覽器(IE9以上版本),和firefox,chrome瀏覽器裏是很是方便的。這些瀏覽器的window對象中內置了base64的編碼和解碼方法。javascript

var base64String = window.btoa(string) ;//編碼html

var string = window.atob(base64string) ;//解碼java

注意:這對編碼解碼方法只是支持ascii字符集編碼,不支持unicode字符集。也就是若是給window.btoa方法的參數是漢字的話,該方法就會報錯。因此建議:若是參數多是unicode字符的話,贊成用下面的自定義的base64編碼辦法會好一點兒。chrome

既然瀏覽器自帶的base64編碼不支持unicode字符集的字符,那麼咱們就想辦法讓他支持。辦法就是先把unicode字符集編碼,編碼的結果就是隻含有utf-8碼。看下面的方法。至於爲何要使用encodeURIComponent,escape,請看這裏瀏覽器

1     function utf8_to_b64(utf8){
2         return window.btoa(encodeURIComponent(escape(utf8)));
3     }
4     function b64_to_utf8(b64){
5         return unescape(decodeURIComponent(window.atob(b64)));
6     }

 

不幸的是,低版本的ie瀏覽器裏沒有這麼一對編碼/解碼的方法。怎麼辦?本身提供,看下面的代碼:編碼

  1             (function(){
  2                 if(window.atob)
  3                     return;
  4                 else{
  5                     var Base64 = window.Base64 || {
  6                         /* private property*/
  7                         _keyStr : "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=",
  8 
  9                         /* public method for encoding */
 10                         encode : function (input) {
 11                             var output = "";
 12                             var chr1, chr2, chr3, enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;
 13                             var i = 0;
 14 
 15                             input = Base64._utf8_encode(input);
 16 
 17                             while (i < input.length) {
 18 
 19                                 chr1 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
 20                                 chr2 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
 21                                 chr3 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
 22 
 23                                 enc1 = chr1 >> 2;
 24                                 enc2 = ((chr1 & 3) << 4) | (chr2 >> 4);
 25                                 enc3 = ((chr2 & 15) << 2) | (chr3 >> 6);
 26                                 enc4 = chr3 & 63;
 27 
 28                                 if (isNaN(chr2)) {
 29                                     enc3 = enc4 = 64;
 30                                 } else if (isNaN(chr3)) {
 31                                     enc4 = 64;
 32                                 }
 33 
 34                                 output = output +
 35                                 Base64._keyStr.charAt(enc1) + Base64._keyStr.charAt(enc2) +
 36                                 Base64._keyStr.charAt(enc3) + Base64._keyStr.charAt(enc4);
 37 
 38                             }
 39 
 40                             return output;
 41                         },
 42 
 43                         /* public method for decoding */
 44                         decode : function (input) {
 45                             var output = "";
 46                             var chr1, chr2, chr3;
 47                             var enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;
 48                             var i = 0;
 49 
 50                             input = input.replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9\+\/\=]/g, "");
 51 
 52                             while (i < input.length) {
 53 
 54                                 enc1 = Base64._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
 55                                 enc2 = Base64._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
 56                                 enc3 = Base64._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
 57                                 enc4 = Base64._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
 58 
 59                                 chr1 = (enc1 << 2) | (enc2 >> 4);
 60                                 chr2 = ((enc2 & 15) << 4) | (enc3 >> 2);
 61                                 chr3 = ((enc3 & 3) << 6) | enc4;
 62 
 63                                 output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr1);
 64 
 65                                 if (enc3 != 64) {
 66                                     output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr2);
 67                                 }
 68                                 if (enc4 != 64) {
 69                                     output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr3);
 70                                 }
 71 
 72                             }
 73 
 74                             output = Base64._utf8_decode(output);
 75 
 76                             return output;
 77 
 78                         },
 79 
 80                         /* private method for UTF-8 encoding */
 81                         _utf8_encode : function (string) {
 82                             string = string.replace(/\r\n/g,"\n");
 83                             var utftext = "";
 84 
 85                             for (var n = 0; n < string.length; n++) {
 86 
 87                                 var c = string.charCodeAt(n);
 88 
 89                                 if (c < 128) {
 90                                     utftext += String.fromCharCode(c);
 91                                 }
 92                                 else if((c > 127) && (c < 2048)) {
 93                                     utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 6) | 192);
 94                                     utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
 95                                 }
 96                                 else {
 97                                     utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 12) | 224);
 98                                     utftext += String.fromCharCode(((c >> 6) & 63) | 128);
 99                                     utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
100                                 }
101 
102                             }
103 
104                             return utftext;
105                         },
106 
107                         /* private method for UTF-8 decoding */
108                         _utf8_decode : function (utftext) {
109                             var string = "";
110                             var i = 0;
111                             var c = c1 = c2 = 0;
112 
113                             while ( i < utftext.length ) {
114 
115                                 c = utftext.charCodeAt(i);
116 
117                                 if (c < 128) {
118                                     string += String.fromCharCode(c);
119                                     i++;
120                                 }
121                                 else if((c > 191) && (c < 224)) {
122                                     c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);
123                                     string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 31) << 6) | (c2 & 63));
124                                     i += 2;
125                                 }
126                                 else {
127                                     c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);
128                                     c3 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+2);
129                                     string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 15) << 12) | ((c2 & 63) << 6) | (c3 & 63));
130                                     i += 3;
131                                 }
132 
133                             }
134                             return string;
135                         }
136                     }
137                     window.Base64 = Base64;
138                 }
139             })();

這樣,就能夠爲一些瀏覽器裏不支持base64編碼瀏覽器提供一種方法。base64編碼的代碼摘自這裏url

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