Python基礎:1.數據類型(元組)

提示:python版本爲2.7,windows系統python

1.元組(Tuple)shell

  Tuple,與List相似,可是Tuple一旦初始化以後就不能修改了,沒有增長、刪除、修改元素。windows

1 >>> colors = ('red', 'orange', 'yello')
2 >>> colors
3 ('red', 'orange', 'yello')
4 >>> type(colors)
5 <type 'tuple'>

  空元組spa

1 >>> color = ()
2 >>> color
3 ()

  1個元素code

1 >>> color = (1)      #這和數學的小括號同樣,因此當只有一個元素時,在末尾要加逗號
2 >>> color
3 1
4 >>> color = (1,)     #是這種
5 >>> color
6 (1,)

 修改元素,不能修改,也沒有添加、刪除方法blog

1 >>> colors[0] = 'white'
2 
3 Traceback (most recent call last):
4   File "<pyshell#18>", line 1, in <module>
5     colors[0] = 'white'
6 TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

  其餘與List相似數學

 1 >>> colors[0]
 2 'red'
 3 >>> colors[-1]
 4 'yello'
 5 >>> colors[0:1]
 6 ('red',)
 7 >>> colors[-1:-2]
 8 ()
 9 >>> colors[-1:]
10 ('yello',)
11 >>> colors[-1:1]
12 ()
13 >>> colors[-1:-1]
14 ()
15 >>> colors[-2:-1]
16 ('orange',)
17 >>> colors[-3:-2]
18 ('red',)

  當元組中有List時it

 1 >>> test = ('a', 'b', 'c', ['d', 'e', 'f'])
 2 >>> test[3]
 3 ['d', 'e', 'f']
 4 >>> type(test[3])
 5 <type 'list'>
 6 >>> test[3] = ['d']      #並不能修改List
 7 
 8 Traceback (most recent call last):
 9   File "<pyshell#38>", line 1, in <module>
10     test[3] = ['d']
11 TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
12 
13 #能夠修改List的元素
14 >>> test[3][0] = 'g'
15 >>> test[3][1] = 'h'
16 >>> test[3][2] = 'i'
17 >>> test
18 ('a', 'b', 'c', ['g', 'h', 'i'])
19 #刪除List元素
20 >>> test[3].pop()
21 'i'
22 >>> test
23 ('a', 'b', 'c', ['g', 'h'])

  其實,Tuple的不能修改是指每一個元素的指向地址不變,指向'red'後不能改爲指向'white',指向List時,List不能變成其餘元素,可是List中的元素能夠改變ast

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