angularJS(三):服務(Service)、http

1、服務


 服務是一個函數或對象,可在你的 AngularJS 應用中使用。css

能夠建立本身的服務,或使用內建服務html

 $locationjson

注意 $location 服務是做爲一個參數傳遞到 controller 中。若是要使用它,須要在 controller 中定義。數組

AngularJS 會一直監控應用,處理事件變化, AngularJS 使用 $location 服務比使用 window.location 對象更好。服務器

$http 服務app

$http 是 AngularJS 應用中最經常使用的服務。 服務向服務器發送請求,應用響應服務器傳送過來的數據。ide

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl"> 

<p>歡迎信息:</p>

<h1>{{myWelcome}}</h1>

</div>

<p> $http 服務向服務器請求信息,返回的值放入變量 "myWelcome" 中。</p>

<script>
var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope, $http) {
  $http.get("welcome.htm").then(function (response) {
      $scope.myWelcome = response.data;
  });
});
</script>

</body>
</html>
View Code

$timeout 服務函數

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl"> 

<p>兩秒後顯示信息:</p>

<h1>{{myHeader}}</h1>

</div>

<p>$timeout 訪問在規定的毫秒數後執行指定函數。</p>

<script>
var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope, $timeout) {
  $scope.myHeader = "Hello World!";
  $timeout(function () {
      $scope.myHeader = "How are you today?";
  }, 2000);
});
</script>

</body>
</html>
View Code

$interval 服務post

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl"> 

<p>如今時間是:</p>

<h1>{{theTime}}</h1>

</div>

<p>$interval 訪問在指定的週期(以毫秒計)來調用函數或計算表達式。</p>

<script>
var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope, $interval) {
  $scope.theTime = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
  $interval(function () {
      $scope.theTime = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
  }, 1000);
});
</script>

</body>
</html>
View Code

建立自定義服務jsonp

app.service('hexafy', function() {
    this.myFunc = function (x) {
        return x.toString(16);
    }
});

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">

<p>255 的16進制是:</p>

<h1>{{hex}}</h1>

</div>

<p>自定義服務,用於轉換16進制數:</p>

<script>
var app = angular.module('myApp', []);

app.service('hexafy', function() {
    this.myFunc = function (x) {
        return x.toString(16);
    }
});
app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope, hexafy) {
  $scope.hex = hexafy.myFunc(255);
});
</script>

</body>
</html>
View Code
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-app="myApp">
在過濾器中使用服務:

<h1>{{255 | myFormat}}</h1>

</div>

<script>
var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
app.service('hexafy', function() {
    this.myFunc = function (x) {
        return x.toString(16);
    }
});
app.filter('myFormat',['hexafy', function(hexafy) {
    return function(x) {
        return hexafy.myFunc(x);
    };
}]);

</script>

</body>
</html>
View Code
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
<p>在獲取數組 [255, 251, 200] 值時使用過濾器:</p>

<ul>
  <li ng-repeat="x in counts">{{x | myFormat}}</li>
</ul>

<p>過濾器使用服務將10進制轉換爲16進制。</p>
</div>

<script>
var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
app.service('hexafy', function() {
    this.myFunc = function (x) {
        return x.toString(16);
    }
});
app.filter('myFormat',['hexafy', function(hexafy) {
    return function(x) {
        return hexafy.myFunc(x);
    };
}]);
app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) {
    $scope.counts = [255, 251, 200];
});
</script>

</body>
</html>
View Code

 2、Http

使用格式:

// 簡單的 GET 請求,能夠改成 POST $http({ method: 'GET', url: '/someUrl' }).then(function successCallback(response) { // 請求成功執行代碼 }, function errorCallback(response) { // 請求失敗執行代碼 });

POST 與 GET 簡寫方法格式:

$http.get('/someUrl', config).then(successCallback, errorCallback); $http.post('/someUrl', data, config).then(successCallback, errorCallback);
  • $http.get
  • $http.head
  • $http.post
  • $http.put
  • $http.delete
  • $http.jsonp
  • $http.patch
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