四、Dubbo的SPI機制分析3-Dubbo的IOC依賴注入

一、Dubbo的IOC例子

@Test
public void test1(){
    ExtensionLoader<AdaptiveExt> loader = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(AdaptiveExt.class);
    AdaptiveExt adaptiveExtension = loader.getExtension("dubbo");
    URL url = URL.valueOf("test://localhost/test");
    adaptiveExtension.echo("d", url);
}

public class DubboAdaptiveExt implements AdaptiveExt {

    // dubbo中有依賴AdaptiveExt類型的變量
    private AdaptiveExt adaptiveExt;

    public void setAdaptiveExt(AdaptiveExt adaptiveExt) {
        this.adaptiveExt = adaptiveExt;
    }

    @Override
    public String echo(String msg, URL url) {
        System.out.println(this.adaptiveExt.echo(msg, url));
        return "dubbo";
    }
}
// 此時ThriftAdaptiveExt上面是標註了@Adaptive註解的
@Adaptive
public class ThriftAdaptiveExt implements AdaptiveExt {
    @Override
    public String echo(String msg, URL url) {
        return "thrift";
    }
}

二、Dubbo的IOC須要用到的ExtensionFactory

Spring的IOC中,給生成的bean注入依賴,是調用context.getBean(name)去得到要注入的bean.Dubbo的IOC相似,它經過ExtensionFactory類型的變量objectFactory去dubbo中獲取bean,核心代碼objectFactory.getExtension(pt, property).下面先分析一下objectFactory的建立過程.objectFactory須要用到SpringExtensionFactory和SpiExtensionFactory.先看一下ExtenionFactory的實現類,以下圖.下面經過源碼分析objectFactory的生成過程.spring

clipboard.png

這裏的getExtensionLoader()詳細分析能夠參見: Dubbo的SPI機制1-SPI簡單分析segmentfault

ExtensionLoader<AdaptiveExt> loader = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(AdaptiveExt.class);

public static <T> ExtensionLoader<T> getExtensionLoader(Class<T> type) {
    // 刪去一些沒必要要的代碼,詳細分析能夠看前面幾篇分析
    // 從緩存中獲取與拓展類對應的ExtensionLoader
    ExtensionLoader<T> loader = (ExtensionLoader<T>) EXTENSION_LOADERS.get(type);
    if (loader == null) {
        // 若緩存未命中,則建立一個新的實例,建立新的實例時會走
        EXTENSION_LOADERS.putIfAbsent(type, new ExtensionLoader<T>(type));
        loader = (ExtensionLoader<T>) EXTENSION_LOADERS.get(type);
    }
    return loader;
}

 private ExtensionLoader(Class<?> type) {
    this.type = type;
    // 這裏的type是AdaptiveExt.class,因此會執行後面的代碼,加載並建立SpiExtensionFactory
    // 和SpringExtensionFactory
    objectFactory = (type == ExtensionFactory.class ? null : 
                   ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(ExtensionFactory.class).getAdaptiveExtension());
}
public T getAdaptiveExtension() {
    Object instance = cachedAdaptiveInstance.get();
    if (instance == null) {
        if (createAdaptiveInstanceError == null) {
            synchronized (cachedAdaptiveInstance) {
                instance = cachedAdaptiveInstance.get();
                if (instance == null) {
                    try {
                        // 建立自適應拓展代理類對象並放入緩存,這裏建立的就是ExtensionFactory的自適應拓展對象
                        instance = createAdaptiveExtension();
                        cachedAdaptiveInstance.set(instance);
                    } catch (Throwable t) {
                        // 拋異常
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return (T) instance;
}
private T createAdaptiveExtension() {
    try {
        // 分爲3步:1是建立自適應拓展代理類Class對象,2是經過反射建立對象,3是給建立的對象按需依賴注入
        return injectExtension((T) getAdaptiveExtensionClass().newInstance());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        // 拋異常
    }
}

getExtensionClasses()方法詳細分析能夠參見: Dubbo的SPI機制1-SPI簡單分析緩存

private Class<?> getAdaptiveExtensionClass() {
    // 這裏前面文章已經分析過了,它會去加載默認目錄下的ExtensionFactory的實現類,總共有3個,目錄是
    // META-INF/dubbo/internal/,該目錄對應兩個文件,文件內容見下,因爲AdaptiveExtensionFactory上面
    // 標註了@Adaptive註解,因此它優先級最高,它就是ExtensionFactory的默認實現類
    getExtensionClasses();
    // 若是有標註了@Adaptive註解實現類,那麼cachedAdaptiveClass不爲空,直接返回
    if (cachedAdaptiveClass != null) {
        // 這裏直接返回,cachedAdaptiveClass = AdaptiveExtensionFactory.class
        return cachedAdaptiveClass;
    }
    // 不會再走這一步
    return cachedAdaptiveClass = createAdaptiveExtensionClass();
}
文件1內容:
// 其中AdaptiveExtensionFactory上面標註了@Adaptive註解
adaptive=com.alibaba.dubbo.common.extension.factory.AdaptiveExtensionFactory
spi=com.alibaba.dubbo.common.extension.factory.SpiExtensionFactory

文件2內容:
spring=com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.extension.SpringExtensionFactory
@Adaptive
public class AdaptiveExtensionFactory implements ExtensionFactory {
// 分析完了getAdaptiveExtensionClass(),它是返回AdaptiveExtensionFactory,接下來newInstance會
// 調用它默認的構造方法
return injectExtension((T) getAdaptiveExtensionClass().newInstance());

@Adaptive
public class AdaptiveExtensionFactory implements ExtensionFactory {
    // 裏面維護SpringExtensionFactory和SpiExtensionFactory
    private final List<ExtensionFactory> factories;

    public AdaptiveExtensionFactory() {
        ExtensionLoader<ExtensionFactory> loader = 
                                    ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(ExtensionFactory.class);
        List<ExtensionFactory> list = new ArrayList<ExtensionFactory>();
        for (String name : loader.getSupportedExtensions()) {
            // 分別給SpringExtensionFactory和SpiExtensionFactory建立對象並放入list中
            list.add(loader.getExtension(name));
        }
        factories = Collections.unmodifiableList(list);
    }
}

三、Dubbo的IOC源碼分析

// 上面已經分析過了第一行代碼,這裏面會建立ExtensionFactory類型的變量objectFactory,這裏面維護了一個list,
// list裏面有SpringExtensionFactory和SpiExtensionFactory類型的實例,Dubbo的IOC獲取bean就是經過這兩個
// 變量去獲取的
ExtensionLoader<AdaptiveExt> loader = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(AdaptiveExt.class);
AdaptiveExt adaptiveExtension = loader.getExtension("dubbo");

public T getExtension(String name) {
    // 刪去一些代碼
    if (instance == null) {
        synchronized (holder) {
            instance = holder.get();
            if (instance == null) {
                // 建立拓展實例
                instance = createExtension(name);
                holder.set(instance);
            }
        }
    }
    return (T) instance;
}
private T createExtension(String name) {
    // 從配置文件中加載全部的拓展類,可獲得「配置項名稱」到「配置類」的映射關係表
    // 這裏咱們指定了名字dubbo,並非經過getAdaptiveExtension方法去得到自適應拓展類,這點要區分
    // 因此這裏拿到的是com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.provider.adaptive.impl.DubboAdaptiveExt
    Class<?> clazz = getExtensionClasses().get(name);
    if (clazz == null) {
        throw findException(name);
    }
    try {
        // 也是嘗試先從緩存獲取,獲取不到經過反射建立一個並放到緩存中
        T instance = (T) EXTENSION_INSTANCES.get(clazz);
        if (instance == null) {
            // 這裏直接經過反射建立DubboAdaptiveExt的實例,而後給他依賴注入
            EXTENSION_INSTANCES.putIfAbsent(clazz, clazz.newInstance());
            instance = (T) EXTENSION_INSTANCES.get(clazz);
        }
        
        // 依賴注入
        injectExtension(instance);
        
        return instance;
    } 
}
private T injectExtension(T instance) {
 // 這裏爲了排版好看,刪去一些異常捕捉拋出代碼
 // objectFactory就是咱們前面分析的,它裏面維護了SpringExtensionFactory和SpiExtensionFactory類型的實例
 if (objectFactory != null) {
    // 遍歷DubboAdaptiveExt實例的全部方法,尋找set開頭且參數爲1個,且方法權限爲public的方法
    for (Method method : instance.getClass().getMethods()) {
        if (method.getName().startsWith("set")
            && method.getParameterTypes().length == 1
            && Modifier.isPublic(method.getModifiers())) {
            
            // 獲取參數類型,這裏是AdaptiveExt.class
            Class<?> pt = method.getParameterTypes()[0];
            
            // 獲取屬性名,這裏是adaptiveExt
            String property = 
              method.getName().length() > 3 ? 
                method.getName().substring(3, 4).toLowerCase() + method.getName().substring(4) : "";
            // 獲取容器中AdaptiveExt.class類型的名字爲adaptiveExt的實例
            Object object = objectFactory.getExtension(pt, property);
            // 獲取以後經過反射賦值
            if (object != null) {
                 method.invoke(instance, object);
            }
         }   
    }
 }
 return instance;
}
@Adaptive
public class AdaptiveExtensionFactory implements ExtensionFactory {

    private final List<ExtensionFactory> factories;

    @Override
    public <T> T getExtension(Class<T> type, String name) {
        // 遍歷factory中全部的ExtensionFactory,先從SpiExtensionFactory中獲取,獲取不到在去Spring容器中獲取
        for (ExtensionFactory factory : factories) {
            T extension = factory.getExtension(type, name);
            if (extension != null) {
                return extension;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

這裏獲取自適應拓展能夠參考: Dubbo的SPI機制分析2-Adaptive詳解ide

public class SpiExtensionFactory implements ExtensionFactory {
    @Override
    public <T> T getExtension(Class<T> type, String name) {
        if (type.isInterface() && type.isAnnotationPresent(SPI.class)) {
            ExtensionLoader<T> loader = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(type);
            if (!loader.getSupportedExtensions().isEmpty()) {
                // 先看SpiExtensionFactory怎麼獲取,它是經過getAdaptiveExtension()去自適應獲取,根本
                // 沒有用到name,因此這裏返回ThriftAdaptiveExt的實例
                return loader.getAdaptiveExtension();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}
public class SpringExtensionFactory implements ExtensionFactory {
    // 能夠看到Spring是先根據名字去取,取不到再根據類型去取
    @Override
    public <T> T getExtension(Class<T> type, String name) {
        for (ApplicationContext context : contexts) {
            if (context.containsBean(name)) {
                Object bean = context.getBean(name);
                if (type.isInstance(bean)) {
                    return (T) bean;
                }
            }
        }

        for (ApplicationContext context : contexts) {
            try {
                return context.getBean(type);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}
// 因此這段代碼輸出:thrift
@Test
public void test1(){
    ExtensionLoader<AdaptiveExt> loader = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(AdaptiveExt.class);
    AdaptiveExt adaptiveExtension = loader.getExtension("dubbo");
    URL url = URL.valueOf("test://localhost/test");
    adaptiveExtension.echo("d", url);
}

四、測試經過URL依賴注入

/**
 * 測試經過URL依賴注入,將ThriftAdaptiveExt類上面的註解註釋掉,同時給AdaptiveExt方法加上註解@Adaptive("t")
 */
@Test
public void test5(){
    ExtensionLoader<AdaptiveExt> loader = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(AdaptiveExt.class);

    Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
    // t這個key就是根據@Adaptive("t")定的,二者要一致
    map.put("t", "cloud");
    URL url = new URL("", "", 1, map);
    AdaptiveExt adaptiveExtension = loader.getExtension("dubbo");
    adaptiveExtension.echo(" ", url);
}

上述代碼輸出spring cloud,建立完DubboAdaptiveExt的實例給其注入依賴時,調用injectExtension(instance),由於沒有了@Adaptive標註的類,因此須要Dubbo本身生成自適應拓展代理類Class,生成過程能夠參考: Dubbo的SPI機制分析2-Adaptive詳解.生成的代理類中有這樣一句關鍵代碼: String extName = url.getParameter("t", "dubbo"),由於url中有這個t參數,因此最後會調用cloud所對應的SpringCloudAdaptiveExt的echo方法,輸出spring cloud.源碼分析

相關文章
相關標籤/搜索