Jackson能夠輕鬆的將Java對象轉換成json對象和xml文檔,一樣也能夠將json、xml轉換成Java對象。html
前面有介紹過json-lib這個框架,在線博文:http://www.cnblogs.com/hoojo/archive/2011/04/21/2023805.htmljava
相比json-lib框架,Jackson所依賴的jar包較少,簡單易用而且性能也要相對高些。並且Jackson社區相對比較活躍,更新速度也比較快。node
1、準備工做json
一、 下載依賴庫jar包api
Jackson的jar all下載地址:http://jackson.codehaus.org/1.7.6/jackson-all-1.7.6.jar數組
而後在工程中導入這個jar包便可開始工做app
官方示例:http://wiki.fasterxml.com/JacksonInFiveMinutes框架
由於下面的程序是用junit測試用例運行的,因此還得添加junit的jar包。版本是junit-4.2.8ide
若是你須要轉換xml,那麼還須要stax2-api.jar性能
二、 測試類基本代碼以下
package com.hoo.test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonEncoding; import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerationException; import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerator; import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonParseException; import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException; import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper; import org.codehaus.jackson.node.JsonNodeFactory; import org.codehaus.jackson.xml.XmlMapper; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import com.hoo.entity.AccountBean; /** * <b>function:</b>Jackson 將java對象轉換成JSON字符串,也能夠將JSON字符串轉換成java對象 * jar-lib-version: jackson-all-1.6.2 * jettison-1.0.1 * @author hoojo * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午04:54:53 * @file JacksonTest.java * @package com.hoo.test * @project Spring3 * @blog http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo * @email hoojo_@126.com * @version 1.0 */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public class JacksonTest { private JsonGenerator jsonGenerator = null; private ObjectMapper objectMapper = null; private AccountBean bean = null; @Before public void init() { bean = new AccountBean(); bean.setAddress("china-Guangzhou"); bean.setEmail("hoojo_@126.com"); bean.setId(1); bean.setName("hoojo"); objectMapper = new ObjectMapper(); try { jsonGenerator = objectMapper.getJsonFactory().createJsonGenerator(System.out, JsonEncoding.UTF8); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @After public void destory() { try { if (jsonGenerator != null) { jsonGenerator.flush(); } if (!jsonGenerator.isClosed()) { jsonGenerator.close(); } jsonGenerator = null; objectMapper = null; bean = null; System.gc(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } 三、 所須要的JavaEntity package com.hoo.entity; public class AccountBean { private int id; private String name; private String email; private String address; private Birthday birthday; //getter、setter @Override public String toString() { return this.name + "#" + this.id + "#" + this.address + "#" + this.birthday + "#" + this.email; } } Birthday package com.hoo.entity; public class Birthday { private String birthday; public Birthday(String birthday) { super(); this.birthday = birthday; } //getter、setter public Birthday() {} @Override public String toString() { return this.birthday; } } 2、Java對象轉換成JSON 一、 JavaBean(Entity/Model)轉換成JSON /** * <b>function:</b>將java對象轉換成json字符串 * @author hoojo * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:01:10 */ @Test public void writeEntityJSON() { try { System.out.println("jsonGenerator"); //writeObject能夠轉換java對象,eg:JavaBean/Map/List/Array等 jsonGenerator.writeObject(bean); System.out.println(); System.out.println("ObjectMapper"); //writeValue具備和writeObject相同的功能 objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, bean); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } 運行後結果以下: jsonGenerator {"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"} ObjectMapper {"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}
上面分別利用JsonGenerator的writeObject方法和ObjectMapper的writeValue方法完成對Java對象的轉換,兩者傳遞的參數及構造的方式不一樣;JsonGenerator的建立依賴於ObjectMapper對象。也就是說若是你要使用JsonGenerator來轉換JSON,那麼你必須建立一個ObjectMapper。可是你用ObjectMapper來轉換JSON,則不須要JSONGenerator。
objectMapper的writeValue方法能夠將一個Java對象轉換成JSON。這個方法的參數一,須要提供一個輸出流,轉換後能夠經過這個流來輸出轉換後的內容。或是提供一個File,將轉換後的內容寫入到File中。固然,這個參數也能夠接收一個JSONGenerator,而後經過JSONGenerator來輸出轉換後的信息。第二個參數是將要被轉換的Java對象。若是用三個參數的方法,那麼是一個Config。這個config能夠提供一些轉換時的規則,過指定的Java對象的某些屬性進行過濾或轉換等。
二、 將Map集合轉換成Json字符串
/** * <b>function:</b>將map轉換成json字符串 * @author hoojo * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:05:26 */ @Test public void writeMapJSON() { try { Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map.put("name", bean.getName()); map.put("account", bean); bean = new AccountBean(); bean.setAddress("china-Beijin"); bean.setEmail("hoojo@qq.com"); map.put("account2", bean); System.out.println("jsonGenerator"); jsonGenerator.writeObject(map); System.out.println(""); System.out.println("objectMapper"); objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, map); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } 轉換後結果以下: jsonGenerator {"account2":{"address":"china-Beijin","name":null,"id":0,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo@qq.com"},"name":"hoojo", "account":{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}} objectMapper {"account2":{"address":"china-Beijin","name":null,"id":0,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo@qq.com"},"name":"hoojo", "account":{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}}
三、 將List集合轉換成json
/** * <b>function:</b>將list集合轉換成json字符串 * @author hoojo * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:05:59 */ @Test public void writeListJSON() { try { List<AccountBean> list = new ArrayList<AccountBean>(); list.add(bean); bean = new AccountBean(); bean.setId(2); bean.setAddress("address2"); bean.setEmail("email2"); bean.setName("haha2"); list.add(bean); System.out.println("jsonGenerator"); //list轉換成JSON字符串 jsonGenerator.writeObject(list); System.out.println(); System.out.println("ObjectMapper"); //用objectMapper直接返回list轉換成的JSON字符串 System.out.println("1###" + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(list)); System.out.print("2###"); //objectMapper list轉換成JSON字符串 objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, list); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } 結果以下: jsonGenerator [{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}, {"address":"address2","name":"haha2","id":2,"birthday":null,"email":"email2"}] ObjectMapper 1###[{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}, {"address":"address2","name":"haha2","id":2,"birthday":null,"email":"email2"}] 2###[{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}, {"address":"address2","name":"haha2","id":2,"birthday":null,"email":"email2"}]
外面就是多了個[]中括號;一樣Array也能夠轉換,轉換的JSON和上面的結果是同樣的,這裏就再也不轉換了。~.~
四、下面來看看jackson提供的一些類型,用這些類型完成json轉換;若是你使用這些類型轉換JSON的話,那麼你即便沒有JavaBean(Entity)也能夠完成複雜的Java類型的JSON轉換。下面用到這些類型構建一個複雜的Java對象,並完成JSON轉換。
@Test public void writeOthersJSON() { try { String[] arr = { "a", "b", "c" }; System.out.println("jsonGenerator"); String str = "hello world jackson!"; //byte jsonGenerator.writeBinary(str.getBytes()); //boolean jsonGenerator.writeBoolean(true); //null jsonGenerator.writeNull(); //float jsonGenerator.writeNumber(2.2f); //char jsonGenerator.writeRaw("c"); //String jsonGenerator.writeRaw(str, 5, 10); //String jsonGenerator.writeRawValue(str, 5, 5); //String jsonGenerator.writeString(str); jsonGenerator.writeTree(JsonNodeFactory.instance.POJONode(str)); System.out.println(); //Object jsonGenerator.writeStartObject();//{ jsonGenerator.writeObjectFieldStart("user");//user:{ jsonGenerator.writeStringField("name", "jackson");//name:jackson jsonGenerator.writeBooleanField("sex", true);//sex:true jsonGenerator.writeNumberField("age", 22);//age:22 jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();//} jsonGenerator.writeArrayFieldStart("infos");//infos:[ jsonGenerator.writeNumber(22);//22 jsonGenerator.writeString("this is array");//this is array jsonGenerator.writeEndArray();//] jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();//} AccountBean bean = new AccountBean(); bean.setAddress("address"); bean.setEmail("email"); bean.setId(1); bean.setName("haha"); //complex Object jsonGenerator.writeStartObject();//{ jsonGenerator.writeObjectField("user", bean);//user:{bean} jsonGenerator.writeObjectField("infos", arr);//infos:[array] jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();//} } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } 運行後,結果以下: jsonGenerator "aGVsbG8gd29ybGQgamFja3NvbiE=" true null 2.2c world jac worl "hello world jackson!" "hello world jackson!" {"user":{"name":"jackson","sex":true,"age":22},"infos":[22,"this is array"]} {"user":{"address":"address","name":"haha","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"email"},"infos":["a","b","c"]}
怎麼樣?構造的json字符串和輸出的結果是一致的吧。關鍵看懂用JSONGenerator提供的方法,完成一個Object的構建。
3、JSON轉換成Java對象
一、 將json字符串轉換成JavaBean對象
@Test public void readJson2Entity() { String json = "{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}"; try { AccountBean acc = objectMapper.readValue(json, AccountBean.class); System.out.println(acc.getName()); System.out.println(acc); } catch (JsonParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
很簡單,用到了ObjectMapper這個對象的readValue這個方法,這個方法須要提供2個參數。第一個參數就是解析的JSON字符串,第二個參數是即將將這個JSON解析吃什麼Java對象,Java對象的類型。固然,還有其餘相同簽名方法,若是你有興趣能夠一一嘗試使用方法,固然使用的方法和當前使用的方法大同小異。運行後,結果以下:
haha haha#1#address#null#email
二、 將json字符串轉換成List<Map>集合
/** * <b>function:</b>json字符串轉換成list<map> * @author hoojo * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:12:01 */ @Test public void readJson2List() { String json = "[{\"address\": \"address2\",\"name\":\"haha2\",\"id\":2,\"email\":\"email2\"},"+ "{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}]"; try { List<LinkedHashMap<String, Object>> list = objectMapper.readValue(json, List.class); System.out.println(list.size()); for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { Map<String, Object> map = list.get(i); Set<String> set = map.keySet(); for (Iterator<String> it = set.iterator();it.hasNext();) { String key = it.next(); System.out.println(key + ":" + map.get(key)); } } } catch (JsonParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
嘗試過將上面的JSON轉換成List,而後List中存放AccountBean,但結果失敗了。可是支持Map集合。由於你轉成List.class,可是不知道List存放何種類型。只好默然Map類型。由於全部的對象均可以轉換成Map結合,運行後結果以下:
2 address:address2 name:haha2 id:2 email:email2 address:address name:haha id:1 email:email
三、 Json字符串轉換成Array數組,因爲上面的泛型轉換不能識別到集合中的對象類型。全部這裏用對象數組,能夠解決這個問題。只不過它再也不是集合,而是一個數組。固然這個不重要,你能夠用Arrays.asList將其轉換成List便可。
/** * <b>function:</b>json字符串轉換成Array * @author hoojo * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:14:01 */ @Test public void readJson2Array() { String json = "[{\"address\": \"address2\",\"name\":\"haha2\",\"id\":2,\"email\":\"email2\"},"+ "{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}]"; try { AccountBean[] arr = objectMapper.readValue(json, AccountBean[].class); System.out.println(arr.length); for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { System.out.println(arr[i]); } } catch (JsonParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
運行後的結果:
2
haha2#2#address2#null#email2 haha#1#address#null#email 四、 Json字符串轉換成Map集合 /** * <b>function:</b>json字符串轉換Map集合 * @author hoojo * @createDate Nov 27, 2010 3:00:06 PM */ @Test public void readJson2Map() { String json = "{\"success\":true,\"A\":{\"address\": \"address2\",\"name\":\"haha2\",\"id\":2,\"email\":\"email2\"},"+ "\"B\":{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}}"; try { Map<String, Map<String, Object>> maps = objectMapper.readValue(json, Map.class); System.out.println(maps.size()); Set<String> key = maps.keySet(); Iterator<String> iter = key.iterator(); while (iter.hasNext()) { String field = iter.next(); System.out.println(field + ":" + maps.get(field)); } } catch (JsonParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
運行後結果以下:
3
success:true A:{address=address2, name=haha2, id=2, email=email2} B:{address=address, name=haha, id=1, email=email}
4、Jackson對XML的支持
Jackson也能夠完成java對象到xml的轉換,轉換後的結果要比json-lib更直觀,不過它依賴於stax2-api.jar這個jar包。
/** * <b>function:</b>java對象轉換成xml文檔 * 須要額外的jar包 stax2-api.jar * @author hoojo * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:11:21 */ @Test public void writeObject2Xml() { //stax2-api-3.0.2.jar System.out.println("XmlMapper"); XmlMapper xml = new XmlMapper(); try { //javaBean轉換成xml //xml.writeValue(System.out, bean); StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); xml.writeValue(sw, bean); System.out.println(sw.toString()); //List轉換成xml List<AccountBean> list = new ArrayList<AccountBean>(); list.add(bean); list.add(bean); System.out.println(xml.writeValueAsString(list)); //Map轉換xml文檔 Map<String, AccountBean> map = new HashMap<String, AccountBean>(); map.put("A", bean); map.put("B", bean); System.out.println(xml.writeValueAsString(map)); } catch (JsonGenerationException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonMappingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
運行上面的方法,結果以下:
XmlMapper
<unknown><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></unknown> <unknown><unknown><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></unknown> <email><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></email></unknown> <unknown><A><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></A> <B><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></B></unknown>