linux uname

時間 2019-12-08

標籤 linux uname 欄目 Linux 简体版

原文原文鏈接

【uname系統調用】功能描述: 獲取當前內核名稱和其它信息。

man 2 uname

UNAME(2)                   Linux Programmer’s Manual                  UNAME(2)

NAME
       uname - get name and information about current kernel

SYNOPSIS
       #include <sys/utsname.h>

       int uname(struct utsname *buf);

DESCRIPTION
       uname() returns system information in the structure pointed to by buf.  The utsname struct is defined in <sys/utsname.h>:

           struct utsname {
               char sysname[];    /* Operating system name (e.g., "Linux") */
               char nodename[];   /* Name within "some implementation-defined
                                     network" */
               char release[];    /* OS release (e.g., "2.6.28") */
               char version[];    /* OS version */
               char machine[];    /* Hardware identifier */
           #ifdef _GNU_SOURCE
               char domainname[]; /* NIS or YP domain name */
           #endif
           };

       The length of the arrays in a struct utsname is unspecified (see NOTES); the fields are terminated by a null byte ('\0').

RETURN VALUE
       On success, zero is returned.  On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately.

ERRORS
       EFAULT buf is not valid.

CONFORMING TO
       SVr4, POSIX.1-2001.  There is no uname() call in 4.3BSD.

       The domainname member (the NIS or YP domain name) is a GNU extension.
NOTES
       This is a system call, and the operating system presumably knows its name, release and version.  It also knows what hardware it runs on.  So, four of the fields of
       the struct are meaningful.  On the other hand, the field nodename is meaningless: it gives the name of the present machine in some undefined network, but typically
       machines  are  in  more than one network and have several names.  Moreover, the kernel has no way of knowing about such things, so it has to be told what to answer
       here.  The same holds for the additional domainname field.

       To this end Linux uses the system calls sethostname(2) and setdomainname(2).  Note that there is no standard that says that the hostname set by  sethostname(2)  is
       the  same  string as the nodename field of the struct returned by uname() (indeed, some systems allow a 256-byte hostname and an 8-byte nodename), but this is true
       on Linux.  The same holds for setdomainname(2) and the domainname field.

       The length of the fields in the struct varies.  Some operating systems or libraries use a hardcoded 9 or 33 or 65 or 257.  Other systems use SYS_NMLN or  _SYS_NMLN
       or  UTSLEN  or  _UTSNAME_LENGTH.   Clearly, it is a bad idea to use any of these constants; just use sizeof(...).  Often 257 is chosen in order to have room for an
       internet hostname.

       Part of the utsname information is also accessible via /proc/sys/kernel/{ostype, hostname, osrelease, version, domainname}.

   Underlying kernel interface
       Over time, increases in the size of the utsname structure have led to three successive versions of uname():  sys_olduname()  (slot  __NR_oldolduname),  sys_uname()
       (slot  __NR_olduname),  and  sys_newuname() (slot __NR_uname).  The first one used length 9 for all fields; the second used 65; the third also uses 65 but adds the
       domainname field.  The glibc uname() wrapper function hides these details from applications, invoking the most recent version of the system call  provided  by  the
       kernel.

SEE ALSO
       uname(1), getdomainname(2), gethostname(2)

COLOPHON
       This  page  is  part  of  release  3.22  of  the  Linux  man-pages  project.   A  description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at
       http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

Linux                             2008-12-03                          UNAME(2)

man 1 uname

UNAME(1)                         User Commands                        UNAME(1)

NAME
       uname - print system information

SYNOPSIS
       uname [OPTION]...

DESCRIPTION
       Print certain system information.  With no OPTION, same as -s.

       -a, --all
              print all information, in the following order, except omit -p and -i if unknown:

       -s, --kernel-name
              print the kernel name

       -n, --nodename
              print the network node hostname

       -r, --kernel-release
              print the kernel release

       -v, --kernel-version
              print the kernel version

       -m, --machine
              print the machine hardware name

       -p, --processor
              print the processor type or "unknown"

       -i, --hardware-platform
              print the hardware platform or "unknown"

       -o, --operating-system
              print the operating system
       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

AUTHOR
       Written by David MacKenzie.

REPORTING BUGS
       Report uname bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
       GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
       Report uname translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.  There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       arch(1), uname(2)

       The full documentation for uname is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If the info and uname programs are properly installed at your site, the command

              info coreutils 'uname invocation'

       should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.4                November 2013                        UNAME(1)