gstreamer應用筆記

gstreamer官網php

https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/html

應用手冊linux

https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/documentation/index.htmlios

1、getreamer安裝(ubuntu) 編程

gstreamer0.10和gstreamer1.0兩個版本容易混淆
ubuntu

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mc3man/trusty-mediavim

sudo apt-get update
api

sudo apt-get install build-essential dpkg-dev flex bison autotools-dev automake liborc-dev autopoint libtool gtk-doc-tools libgstreamer1.0-dev服務器

sudo apt-get install libgstreamer0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-dev gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-plugins-base libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad gstreamer0.10-ffmpegsession

sudo apt-get install libgstreamer0.10-dev gstreamer-tools gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-doc

sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad-multiverse

如有須要還能夠再安裝以下gst插件:
gstreamer0.10-tools
gstreamer0.10-x
gstreamer0.10-plugins-base
gstreamer0.10-plugins-good
gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly
gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
gstreamer0.10-alsa
gstreamer0.10-schroedinger
gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio

有可能須要安裝的軟件：
sudo apt-get install bison
sudo apt-get install flex
sudo apt-get install zlib1g
mad解碼插件
apt-get install libmad0-dev
apt-get install gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly

安裝音頻庫

sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0-alsa

安裝ffmpeg多媒體庫

gst-ffmpeg
--enable-liba52       enable GPLed liba52 support [default=no]
--enable-liba52bin    open liba52.so.0 at runtime [default=no]
--enable-libamr-nb    enable libamr-nb floating point audio codec
--enable-libamr-wb    enable libamr-wb floating point audio codec
--enable-libfaac      enable FAAC support via libfaac [default=no]
--enable-libfaad      enable FAAD support via libfaad [default=no]
--enable-libfaadbin   open libfaad.so.0 at runtime [default=no]
--enable-libgsm       enable GSM support via libgsm [default=no]
--enable-libmp3lame   enable MP3 encoding via libmp3lame
--enable-libvorbis    enable Vorbis encoding via libvorbis,
                     native implementation exists [default=no]
--enable-libx264      enable H.264 encoding via x264 [default=no]
--enable-libxvid      enable Xvid encoding via xvidcore,
                      native MPEG-4/Xvid encoder exists [default=no]

插件太多了，幾百上千個

List of Elements and Plugins

https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/documentation/plugins.html

一勞永逸

sudo apt-get install gstreamer-plugins-*

sudo apt-get install gstreamer-*

2、千里之行，始於"hello,world"

Tutorials

Basic tutorials

Basic tutorial 1: Hello world!

Basic tutorial 2: GStreamer concepts

Basic tutorial 3: Dynamic pipelines

Basic tutorial 4: Time management

Basic tutorial 5: GUI toolkit integration

Basic tutorial 6: Media formats and Pad Capabilities

Basic tutorial 7: Multithreading and Pad Availability

Basic tutorial 8: Short-cutting the pipeline

Basic tutorial 9: Media information gathering

Basic tutorial 10: GStreamer tools

Basic tutorial 11: Debugging tools

Basic tutorial 12: Streaming

Basic tutorial 13: Playback speed

Basic tutorial 14: Handy elements

Basic tutorial 16: Platform-specific elements

除了這16個入門samples，後面的pipelines Command line tools 和 Plugin 插件開發也是多媒體類應用極好的教材

官網纔是最應該多關注的地方

https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/documentation/tutorials/basic/hello-world.html

wiki手冊也很是全面，幾乎全部應用方向都說明

http://wiki.oz9aec.net/index.php?title=Gstreamer_cheat_sheet

IBM社區gstreamer教程

https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-gstreamer/

3、 gstreamer 進階...

一、播放視頻文件

   以MP4格式爲例，其它格式能夠經過gst-inspect-1.0 | grep 查找對應的demux，decode，sink等插件，固然也可使用auto開頭的插件，或者playbin會自動選擇播放，只是沒有本身指定那麼靈活，方便調試和驗證一些功能。

    1）硬解(vaapi)播放MP4文件：

     gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=FilePath/test.mp4 ! qtdemux ! vaapidecode ! vaapisink

    2）軟解，只要將解碼器vaapidecode換成avdec_h264，播放器vaapisink換成 ximagesink便可

二、播放RTSP視頻流

    1）硬解。

     gst-launch-1.0 rtspsrc location=rtsp://username:passwd@ipaddr:port latency=0 ! rtph264depay ! capsfilter caps="video/x-h264" ! h264parse ! vaapidecode ! vaapipostproc width=800 height=600 ! vaapisink sync=false

    2）軟解。

   gst-launch-1.0 rtspsrc location=rtsp://username:passwd@ipaddr:port latency=0 ! rtph264depay ! capsfilter caps="video/x-h264" ! h264parse ! avdec_h264 ! videoconvert ! videoscale ! video/x-raw,width=800,height=600 ! ximagesink

三、播放Udp視頻流

    Udp播放須要根據發送端數據源封裝格式來決定採用哪些Gstreamer插件，若是進行了RTP封裝，則須要先用rtph264depay進行解包，若是包含自定義幀頭的狀況，應該編程對幀頭進行處理，否則會顯示異常，好比部分花屏現象，如下是對裸流進行播放。

1）硬解

     gst-launch-1.0 udpsrc port=2101 ! h264parse ! vaapidecode ! vaapisink

2）軟解

     gst-launch-1.0 udpsrc port=2101 ! h264parse ! avdec_h264 ! autovideosink

參考https://blog.csdn.net/manjiao4651538/article/details/80227966

四、gstreamer rtsp推流/拉流

1）gstreamer rtsp拉流播放

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-vpyykhwg-gq.html

2）gstereamer rtsp推流

https://blog.csdn.net/zhuwei622/article/details/80348916

3) On the Raspberry:

$ gst-launch-1.0 rtspsrc location=rtsp://192.168.2.112:8080/stream.sdp ! rtph264depay ! h264parse ! omxh264dec ! autovideosink

五、rtpbin Network/RTP

send

Encode and payload H263 video captured from a v4l2src. Encode and payload AMR audio generated from audiotestsrc. The video is sent to session 0 in rtpbin and the audio is sent to session 1. Video packets are sent on UDP port 5000 and audio packets on port 5002. The video RTCP packets for session 0 are sent on port 5001 and the audio RTCP packets for session 0 are sent on port 5003. RTCP packets for session 0 are received on port 5005 and RTCP for session 1 is received on port 5007. Since RTCP packets from the sender should be sent as soon as possible and do not participate in preroll, sync=false and async=false is configured on udpsink

gst-launch-1.0 rtpbin name=rtpbin \ v4l2src ! videoconvert ! ffenc_h263 ! rtph263ppay ! rtpbin.send_rtp_sink_0 \ rtpbin.send_rtp_src_0 ! udpsink port=5000 \ rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_0 ! udpsink port=5001 sync=false async=false \ udpsrc port=5005 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_0 \ audiotestsrc ! amrnbenc ! rtpamrpay ! rtpbin.send_rtp_sink_1 \ rtpbin.send_rtp_src_1 ! udpsink port=5002 \ rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_1 ! udpsink port=5003 sync=false async=false \ udpsrc port=5007 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_1

recv

Receive H263 on port 5000, send it through rtpbin in session 0, depayload, decode and display the video. Receive AMR on port 5002, send it through rtpbin in session 1, depayload, decode and play the audio. Receive server RTCP packets for session 0 on port 5001 and RTCP packets for session 1 on port 5003. These packets will be used for session management and synchronisation. Send RTCP reports for session 0 on port 5005 and RTCP reports for session 1 on port 5007.

gst-launch-1.0 -v rtpbin name=rtpbin \ udpsrc caps="application/x-rtp,media=(string)video,clock-rate=(int)90000,encoding-name=(string)H263-1998" \ port=5000 ! rtpbin.recv_rtp_sink_0 \ rtpbin. ! rtph263pdepay ! ffdec_h263 ! xvimagesink \ udpsrc port=5001 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_0 \ rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_0 ! udpsink port=5005 sync=false async=false \ udpsrc caps="application/x-rtp,media=(string)audio,clock-rate=(int)8000,encoding-name=(string)AMR,encoding-params=(string)1,octet-align=(string)1" \ port=5002 ! rtpbin.recv_rtp_sink_1 \ rtpbin. ! rtpamrdepay ! amrnbdec ! alsasink \ udpsrc port=5003 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_1 \ rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_1 ! udpsink port=5007 sync=false async=false

參考：

https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/data/doc/gstreamer/head/gst-plugins-good-plugins/html/gst-plugins-good-plugins-rtpbin.html

GStreamer RTP Streaming

https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-94646

六、錄音

錄音:

gst-launch -e pulsesrc ! audioconvert ! lamemp3enc target=1 bitrate=64 cbr=true ! filesink location=audio.mp3 gst-launch -e pulsesrc device="alsa_input.pci-0000_02_02.0.analog-stereo" ! audioconvert ! \ lamemp3enc target=1 bitrate=64 cbr=true ! filesink location=audio.mp3

播放錄音：

gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=audio.mp3 ! decodebin ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! autoaudiosink

仍是上面的wiki

http://wiki.oz9aec.net/index.php?title=Gstreamer_cheat_sheet

七、錄視頻

命令：gst-launch-1.0 -e rtspsrc location=rtsp://admin:admin@192.168.1.2 ! rtph264depay ! "video/x-h264, stream-format=byte-stream" ! filesink location=test.264

說明：主要是用gst-lanuch工具鏈接相關插件將rtsp video stream 保存爲.264文件，而後能夠利用相關播放器（如：kmpplayer）進行播放，亦能夠供live555MediaServer生成rtsp stream；（"video/x-h264, stream-format=byte-stream"這個caps必定要鏈接才行）
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/u010005508/article/details/52710302

八、視頻收發(監控，預覽)

send:

gst-launch v4l2src ! video/x-raw-yuv,width=128,height=96,format='(fourcc)'UYVY ! ffmpegcolorspace ! ffenc_h263 ! video/x-h263 ! rtph263ppay pt=96 ! udpsink host=127.0.0.1 port=5000 sync=false

recv:
gst-launch udpsrc port=5000 ! application/x-rtp, clock-rate=90000,payload=96 ! rtph263pdepay queue-delay=0 ! ffdec_h263 ! xvimagesink

以Freescale平臺爲例，實時碼流收發命令行以下：

Server側（發送方）：

gst-launch -v videotestsrc ! video/x-raw-yuv,width=640,height=480 ! vpuenc codec=avc ! rtph264pay pt=96 ! udpsink host=127.0.0.1 port=1234

Client側（接收方）：

gst-launch -vvv udpsrc port=1234 caps="application/x-rtp, media=(string)video, clock-rate=(int)90000, encoding-name=(string)H264" ! rtph264depay ! vpudec ! mfw_isink

九、音頻收發(語音對講)

模擬聲音數據

1）send.sh

gst-launch-1.0 rtpbin name=rtpbin \ audiotestsrc ! amrnbenc ! rtpamrpay ! rtpbin.send_rtp_sink_1 \ rtpbin.send_rtp_src_1 ! udpsink port=5002 \ rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_1 ! udpsink port=5003 sync=false async=false \ udpsrc port=5007 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_1

2)recv.sh

gst-launch-1.0 -v rtpbin name=rtpbin \ udpsrc caps="application/x-rtp,media=(string)audio,clock-rate=(int)8000,encoding-name=(string)AMR,encoding-params=(string)1,octet-align=(string)1" \ port=5002 ! rtpbin.recv_rtp_sink_1 \ rtpbin. ! rtpamrdepay ! amrnbdec ! alsasink \ udpsrc port=5003 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_1 \ rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_1 ! udpsink port=5007 sync=false async=false

真實聲卡

1) send.sh

gst-launch-1.0 rtpbin name=rtpbin \ pulsesrc ! amrnbenc ! rtpamrpay ! rtpbin.send_rtp_sink_1 \ rtpbin.send_rtp_src_1 ! udpsink port=5002 \ rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_1 ! udpsink port=5003 sync=false async=false \ udpsrc port=5007 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_1

2) recv.sh

gst-launch-1.0 -v rtpbin name=rtpbin \ udpsrc caps="application/x-rtp,media=(string)audio,clock-rate=(int)8000,encoding-name=(string)AMR,encoding-params=(string)1,octet-align=(string)1" \ port=5002 ! rtpbin.recv_rtp_sink_1 \ rtpbin. ! rtpamrdepay ! amrnbdec ! alsasink \ udpsrc port=5003 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_1 \ rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_1 ! udpsink port=5007 sync=false async=false

模擬聲音和實際聲卡只有發送端採集程序不一樣，模擬採集是audiotestsrc，實際聲卡採集是pulsesrc

中國移動和對講amr實時語音解碼播放

gst-launch-1.0 udpsrc port=6000 caps="application/x-rtp, media=(string)audio, clock-rate=(int)8000, encoding-name=(string)AMR, payload=(int)106" ! rtpamrdepay ! decodebin name=decoder ! queue ! audioconvert ! autoaudiosink

tcpdump -i eth0 -w dump.pcap

gstreamer中經過UDP(RTP)遠程播放MP3

send.sh

gst-launch-1.0 -v filesrc location = Hopy_Always.mp3 ! decodebin ! audioconvert ! rtpL16pay ! udpsink host=127.0.0.1 port=6000

recv.sh

gst-launch-1.0 udpsrc port=6000 caps='application/x-rtp, media=(string)audio, clock-rate=(int)44100, channels=(int)2' ! rtpjitterbuffer latency=400 ! rtpL16depay ! pulsesink

Gstreamer 測試udpsink udpsrc播放mp3文件

https://blog.csdn.net/zhujinghao_09/article/details/8513962

十、gstreamer 播放mp3源碼(播放器) ，入門開發極好的samples

https://blog.csdn.net/fireroll/article/details/49126827

https://www.cnblogs.com/274914765qq/p/5090299.html

十一、Gstreamer的音視頻同步

https://blog.csdn.net/maeom/article/details/7729840

十二、播放音頻

gst-launch-1.0 playbin uri=file:///home/dong/Hopy_Always.mp3
gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=Hopy_Always.mp3 ! decodebin ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! autoaudiosink

1三、Gstreamer視頻傳輸測試gst-launch

https://blog.csdn.net/meng_tianshi/article/details/80142005

1四、How to listen to the pulseaudio RTP Stream and play

https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/Network/RTP/

1五、Gstreamer cheat sheet —— Picture in Picture / Video Wall / Text Overlay / Time Overlay ... ... ..

http://wiki.oz9aec.net/index.php?title=Gstreamer_cheat_sheet

1六、用樹莓派作 RTMP 流直播服務器，可推送至鬥魚直播

http://shumeipai.nxez.com/2017/11/01/build-rtmp-stream-live-server-with-raspberry-pi.html

1七、gstreamer學習筆記：經過gst-launch工具抓取播放的音頻數據並經過upd傳輸

gst-launch數據轉換(pcm,aac,ts), rtp收發

https://blog.csdn.net/u010312436/article/details/53335579

1八、gstreamer實現攝像頭的遠程採集，udp傳輸，本地顯示和保存爲AVI文件發送端

send

https://blog.csdn.net/zhujinghao_09/article/details/8528802

recv

https://blog.csdn.net/zhujinghao_09/article/details/8528879

1九、QtGStreamer dvr

https://blog.csdn.net/lg1259156776/article/details/53413877

https://blog.csdn.net/xueyeguiren8/article/details/54581536

20、基於Gstreamer的實時視頻流的分發

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-fmtzfmvk-ce.html

2一、gstreamer學習筆記：將音視頻合成MPEG2-TS流並打包經過rtp傳輸

https://blog.csdn.net/u010312436/article/details/53668083

2二、gstreamer之RTSP Server一個進程提供多路不一樣視頻

https://blog.csdn.net/quantum7/article/details/82999132

2三、GStreamer資料整理(包括攝像頭採集,視頻保存,遠程監控,流媒體RTP傳輸)

https://blog.csdn.net/wzwxiaozheng/article/details/6099397

2四、使用GStreamer做v4l2攝像頭採集和輸出到YUV文件及屏幕的相關測試

https://blog.csdn.net/shallon_luo/article/details/5400708

2五、Gstreamer中添加x265編解碼器

https://blog.csdn.net/songwater/article/details/34855883

2六、Gstreamer One Liners

https://metalab.at/wiki/Gstreamer_One_Liners

ARM平臺基於嵌入式Linux Gstreamer 使用

https://www.eefocus.com/toradex/blog/16-05/379143_e4fcb.html

常見gstreamer pipeline 命令—— TI 3730 dvsdk

https://blog.csdn.net/songwater/article/details/34800017

gstreamer中的好東西，appsink和appsrc

https://blog.csdn.net/jack0106/article/details/5909935

基於DM3730平臺的gstreamer音視頻傳輸調試

https://blog.csdn.net/goalietech/article/details/24887955

gstreamer appsrc appsink應用

gstreamer向appsrc發送幀畫面的代碼

https://blog.csdn.net/quantum7/article/details/82226608

gstreamer向appsrc發送編碼數據的代碼

https://blog.csdn.net/quantum7/article/details/82250524

gstreamer學習筆記：分享幾個appsink和appsrc的example

https://blog.csdn.net/u010312436/article/details/53610599

Here are two basic send/receive h264 video stream pipelines:

gst-launch-0.10 v4l2src ! ffmpegcolorspace ! videoscale ! video/x-raw-yuv,width=640,height=480 ! vpuenc ! h264parse ! rtph264pay ! udpsink host=localhost port=5555

gst-launch-0.10 udpsrc port=5555 ! application/x-rtp,encoding-name=H264,payload=96 ! rtph264depay ! h264parse ! ffdec_h264 ! videoconvert ! ximagesink

gstreamer使用進階

https://blog.csdn.net/jack0106/article/details/5592557

# 整理了這麼多，梳理一下指令，組織一下模塊代碼，應付常規的多媒體應用綽綽有餘了！