HTTP請求-Android

時間 2019-12-14

標籤 http 請求 android 欄目 HTTP/TCP 简体版

原文原文鏈接

1、HttpClient介紹css

HttpClient是用來模擬HTTP請求的，其實實質就是把HTTP請求模擬後發給Web服務器；html

Android已經集成了HttpClient，所以能夠直接使用；java

注：此處HttpClient代碼不僅能夠適用於Android，也可適用於通常的Java程序；android

HTTP GET核心代碼：apache

(1)DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();服務器

(2)HttpGet get = new HttpGet(String url);//此處的URL爲http://..../path?arg1=value&....argn=valueapp

(3)HttpResponse response = client.execute(get); //模擬請求ide

(4)int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();//返回響應碼post

(5)InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();//服務器返回的數據ui

HTTP POST核心代碼：

(1)DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();

(2)BasicNameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(String name,String value);//建立一個請求頭的字段，好比content-type,text/plain

(3)UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(List<NameValuePair> list,String encoding);//對自定義請求頭進行URL編碼

(4)HttpPost post = new HttpPost(String url);//此處的URL爲http://..../path

(5)post.setEntity(entity);

(6)HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);

(7)int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); //返回響應碼

(8)InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();//服務器返回的數據

在AndroidManifest.xml加入：

< uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

2、服務器端代碼

服務器端代碼和經過URLConnection發出請求的代碼不變：

package org.xiazdong.servlet;    
import java.io.IOException; 
 import java.io.OutputStream;    
import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
 import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;    
@WebServlet("/Servlet1")  

public class Servlet1 extends HttpServlet {        
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {          
String nameParameter = request.getParameter("name");          
String ageParameter = request.getParameter("age");          
String name = new String(nameParameter.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8");          
String age = new String(ageParameter.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8");          
System.out.println("GET");          
System.out.println("name="+name);          
System.out.println("age="+age);          
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");          
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();//返回數據          
out.write("GET請求成功!".getBytes("UTF-8"));          
out.close();      
}        
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {          request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");          
String name = request.getParameter("name");          
String age  = request.getParameter("age");          
System.out.println("POST");          
System.out.println("name="+name);          
System.out.println("age="+age);          
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");          
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();          
out.write("POST請求成功!".getBytes("UTF-8"));          
out.close();                
}    
}

3、Android客戶端代碼

效果以下：

在AndroidManifest.xml加入：

[html] < uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

MainActivity.java

[java] package org.xiazdong.network.httpclient; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private EditText name, age;

private Button getbutton, postbutton;

private OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

try{

if(postbutton==v){

/* * NameValuePair表明一個HEADER，List<NameValuePair>存儲所有的頭字段 * UrlEncodedFormEntity相似於URLEncoder語句進行URL編碼 * HttpPost相似於HTTP的POST請求 * client.execute()相似於發出請求，並返回Response */

DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();

List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

NameValuePair pair1 = new BasicNameValuePair("name", name.getText().toString());

NameValuePair pair2 = new BasicNameValuePair("age", age.getText().toString());

list.add(pair1);

list.add(pair2);

UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list,"UTF-8");

HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/Servlet1");

post.setEntity(entity);

HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);

if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){

InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();//接收服務器的數據，並在Toast上顯示

String str = readString(in);

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, str, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

else Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "POST提交失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

if(getbutton==v){

DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();

StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/Servlet1");

buf.append("?");

buf.append("name="+URLEncoder.encode(name.getText().toString(),"UTF-8")+"&");

buf.append("age="+URLEncoder.encode(age.getText().toString(),"UTF-8"));

HttpGet get = new HttpGet(buf.toString());

HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);

if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){

InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();

String str = readString(in);

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, str, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

else Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "GET提交失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

catch(Exception e){}

}

};

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); name = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.name); age = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.age); getbutton = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.getbutton); postbutton = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.postbutton); getbutton.setOnClickListener(listener); postbutton.setOnClickListener(listener); } protected String readString(InputStream in) throws Exception { byte[]data = new byte[1024]; int length = 0; ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); while((length=in.read(data))!=-1){ bout.write(data,0,length); } return new String(bout.toByteArray(),"UTF-8"); } }

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