Nginx配置虛擬主機（多網站）
在上一節中，咱們學習了Nginx+PHP7+MySQL的安裝配置，在這一篇文章中，咱們來學習如何在一個Nginx服務器中配置多個站點。php
假要你所在的公司因爲預算問題，如今只能提供一臺服務器，可是有如下幾個網站：www.yourmall.com, m.yourmall.com，www.yourcrm.com須要部署，而且你已經根據咱們上一篇文章中安裝配置了，實現如下需求。html
www.yourmall.com是公司的電子商務平臺。m.yourmall.com是公司的電子商務平臺子站，用於移動端用戶的訪問。www.yourcrm.com是公司的用戶關係管理系統。
如今爲以上網站在服務器上規劃目錄，建立一個目錄：/var/sites，爲上面三個站點分別建立一個目錄：nginx
www.yourmall.com對應建立的目錄爲：/var/sites/yourmallm.yourmall.com對應建立的目錄爲：/var/sites/m_yourmallwww.yourcrm.com對應建立的目錄爲：/var/sites/yourcrm
以下圖所示 -shell
[root@localhost sites]# mkdir /var/sites/yourmall [root@localhost sites]# mkdir /var/sites/m_yourmall [root@localhost sites]# mkdir /var/sites/yourcrm [root@localhost sites]# pwd /var/sites [root@localhost sites]# ll total 0 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 28 04:23 m_yourmall drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 28 04:23 yourcrm drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 28 04:23 yourmall [root@localhost sites]#
1. 第一個域名/網站配置
打開Nginx的配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf ，並在 http 塊下加入如下子塊server，以下配置內容所示 -瀏覽器
# vhost for yourmall.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.yourmall.com yourmall.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/yourmall.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
如今，完整的Nginx配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的內容以下所示 -服務器
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.html;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.html;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.html;
# }
#}
# vhost for yourmall.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.yourmall.com yourmall.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/yourmall.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
}
在目錄 /var/sites/yourmall 下建立一個文件：index.html用於測試網站的配置狀況，其代碼以下 -session
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome To Yourmall.com</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>歡迎您訪問：Yourmall.com </h1>
<p>這是 Yourmall.com 的首頁，僅用於Nginx的虛擬機配置測試演示。</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.yiibai.com/">yourmall.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
如今，從新加載Nginx配置文件，在加載配置文件以前，最好先測試一下配置文件語法是否正確，使用如下命令來測試 -app
[root@localhost sites]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@localhost sites]#
而後執行從新加載Nginx配置文件 -yii
[root@localhost sites]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload [root@localhost sites]#
到了這一步，咱們來看看網站 www.yourmall.com 是否配置成功，接下來咱們要訪問這個域名，看能不能看到咱們在上面寫入的 index.html 文件中的內容。在測試訪問www.yourmall.com 域名以前，咱們還要對這個域名進行映射(外網稱爲解析)。在局域網內的一臺Windows計算機上打開文件 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\hosts，在這個文件的最後一行加入如下內容 -tcp
192.168.0.134 www.yourmall.com 192.168.0.134 yourmall.com
注意：在這裏，
192.168.0.134是配置Nginx服務器的IP，若是你的服務器不是這個IP，請寫上對應的服務器IP。
如今，打開瀏覽器，訪問如下網站域名： www.yourmall.com 或 yourmall.com ，沒有錯誤，應該會看到如下界面 -
就這樣，第一個網站的配置完成了！
2. 第二個域名/網站配置
如今，咱們來配置第二個網站：m.yourmall.com， 假設 m.yourmall.com 這個網站它是 www.yourmall.com 的二級域名網站，主要用於服務主站 www.yourmall.com 的移動端訪問用戶。
打開Nginx的配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf ，並在 http 塊下加入如下子塊server，以下配置內容所示 -
# 手機/移動端網站 vhost for m.yourmall.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name m.yourmall.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/m_yourmall.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/m_yourmall;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/m_yourmall;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/m_yourmall;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
如今，完整的Nginx配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的內容以下所示 -
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.html;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
# vhost for yourmall.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.yourmall.com yourmall.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/yourmall.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
# 手機/移動端網站 vhost for m.yourmall.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name m.yourmall.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/m_yourmall.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/m_yourmall;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/m_yourmall;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/m_yourmall;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
}
在目錄 /var/sites/m_yourmall 下建立一個文件：index.html用於測試網站的配置狀況，其代碼以下 -
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome To Yourmall.com</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>歡迎您訪問：m.yourmall.com </h1>
<p>這是 Yourmall.com 主站的子域名：<a href="http://www.yiibai.com/">m.yourmall.com</a> ，僅用於Nginx的虛擬機配置測試演示。</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.yiibai.com/">m.yourmall.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
如今，從新加載Nginx配置文件，在加載配置文件以前，最好先測試一下配置文件語法是否正確，使用如下命令來測試 -
[root@localhost sites]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@localhost sites]#
而後執行從新加載Nginx配置文件 -
[root@localhost sites]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload [root@localhost sites]#
到了這一步，咱們來看看網站 m.yourmall.com 是否配置成功，接下來咱們要訪問這個域名，看能不能看到咱們在上面寫入的 index.html 文件中的內容。在測試訪問m.yourmall.com 域名以前，咱們還要對這個域名進行映射(外網稱爲解析)。在局域網內的一臺Windows計算機上打開文件 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\hosts，在這個文件的最後一行加入如下內容 -
192.168.0.134 m.yourmall.com
注意：在這裏，
192.168.0.134是配置Nginx服務器的IP，若是你的服務器不是這個IP，請寫上對應的服務器IP。
如今，打開瀏覽器，訪問如下網站域名： m.yourmall.com 沒有錯誤，應該會看到如下界面 -
就這樣，第二個網站(子域名)的配置完成了！
3. 第三個域名/網站配置
接下來，咱們來配置第三個網站：www.yourcrm.com， 假設 www.yourcrm.com 這個網站它是一個客戶管理系統，主要記錄客戶信息的管理網站。
注意：配置這個網站與第一個網站相似，只是指定/使用文件目錄不太同樣。
打開Nginx的配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf ，並在 http 塊下加入如下子塊server，以下配置內容所示 -
# 客戶管理系統 vhost for yourcrm.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.yourcrm.com yourcrm.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/yourcrm.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/yourcrm;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/yourcrm;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/yourcrm;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
如今，完整的Nginx配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的內容以下所示 -
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.html;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
# vhost for yourmall.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.yourmall.com yourmall.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/yourmall.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
# 手機/移動端網站 vhost for m.yourmall.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name m.yourmall.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/m_yourmall.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/m_yourmall;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/m_yourmall;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/m_yourmall;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
# 客戶管理系統 vhost for yourcrm.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.yourcrm.com yourcrm.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/yourcrm.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/yourcrm;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/yourcrm;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/yourcrm;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
}
在目錄 /var/sites/yourcrm 下建立一個文件：index.html用於測試網站的配置狀況，其代碼以下 -
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome To YourCrm.com</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>歡迎您訪問：yourcrm.com </h1>
<p>這是 yourcrm.com 網站的首頁 ，僅用於Nginx的虛擬機配置測試演示。</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.yiibai.com/">yourcrm.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
如今，從新加載Nginx配置文件，在加載配置文件以前，最好先測試一下配置文件語法是否正確，使用如下命令來測試 -
[root@localhost sites]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@localhost sites]#
而後執行從新加載Nginx配置文件 -
[root@localhost sites]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload [root@localhost sites]#
到了這一步，咱們來看看網站 www.yourcrm.com 是否配置成功，接下來咱們要訪問這個域名，看能不能看到咱們在上面寫入的 index.html 文件中的內容。在測試訪問www.yourcrm.com 域名以前，咱們還要對這個域名進行映射(外網稱爲解析)。在局域網內的一臺Windows計算機上打開文件 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\hosts，在這個文件的最後一行加入如下內容 -
192.168.0.134 www.yourcrm.com 192.168.0.134 yourcrm.com
注意：在這裏，
192.168.0.134是配置Nginx服務器的IP，若是你的服務器不是這個IP，請寫上對應的服務器IP。
如今，打開瀏覽器，訪問如下網站域名： www.yourcrm.com 或 yourcrm.com ，沒有錯誤，應該會看到如下界面 -
就這樣，第三個網站的配置完成了！
4. 優化配置
通過了上面三個網站的配置，相信你可能以爲 Nginx 的配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 內容有點多了，這還只是最簡單的配置(還未包函重寫，日誌記錄等規則)，從頭看到尾多少有點不太方便，能不能有更好的辦法解決這個問題？ 固然能夠。咱們能夠把每一個網站的配置獨立成一個配置文件，而後在主配置文件中使用 include 指令包函進來。
如今來看看怎麼修改配置，首先分別建立三個網站的配置文件：
www.yourmall.com->/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/yourmall.confm.yourmall.com->/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/m_yourmall.confwww.yourcrm.com->/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/yourcrm.conf
再將上面配置中對應每一個網站的文件包括放入主配置文件。例如，對於文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/yourmall.conf 放置的文件內容以下：
# vhost for yourmall.com configure.
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.yourmall.com yourmall.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/yourmall.access.log main;
location / {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
index index.html index.html;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/sites/yourmall;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
其它兩個網站也一樣放入對應配置。
在主配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 中，包函上述三個文件便可。如今文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的內容以下所示 -
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.html;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
# 網站配置
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/yourmall.conf;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/m_yourmall.conf;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/yourcrm.conf;
}
從新加載Nginx配置文件，在加載配置文件以前，最好先測試一下配置文件語法是否正確，使用如下命令來測試 -
[root@localhost sites]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@localhost sites]#
而後執行從新加載Nginx配置文件 -
[root@localhost sites]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload [root@localhost sites]#
到此，在Nginx上配置虛擬機演示實例就完了。
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相關文章
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