40操做系統 - 目錄

1. 簡介

操做系統是管理硬件資源，爲上層庫與軟件提供接口系統軟件。

 

 

2. 基於Linux操做系統

序號	描述	連接
01	內核構建系統	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/8244895.html
02	進程	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/4740512.html
03	線程	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/8151516.html
04	進程間通訊	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/8157793.html
05	內存管理
06	文件系統	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/7765716.html
07	網絡	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/8079470.html
08	字符驅動	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/8214379.html
09	內核調式技術	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/8227903.html
10	競爭與併發	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/8228142.html
11	Linux服務器初始化配置	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/5968846.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

3. 基於Windows操做系統

 

序號	描述	連接
01	Windows服務	http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/8677052.html

 

 

 

 

 

4. 操做系統軟件

 

操做系統設置

序號	描述	連接
01	CentOS 初始化配置	https://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/5968846.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

序號	描述	連接
01	CentOS 初始配置	https://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/5968846.html
02	Ubuntu LAMP環境	https://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/10036951.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1、參考資料

<Understanding the Linux Kernel>    Daniel P.Bovet && Marco Cesati

<Linux Device Drivers>   Jonathan Corbet

<Linux Kernel Development> Robert Love

<Advance Programming in the UNIX Environment> W. Richard Stevens

<深刻理解Linux虛擬內存管理>

<深刻理解Linux網絡內幕>

 

BSD操做系統

https://cis.temple.edu/~ingargio/old/cis307s96/

 

經典網站：

https://www.infradead.org/~mchehab/kernel_docs/index.html

http://www.elinux.org/     Embeded Linux WiKi

http://kerneltrap.org/

https://www.linux.com/

https://kernelnewbies.org/Documents
https://lwn.net/Kernel/Index/

http://www.tldp.org/

http://www.kerneltravel.net/

http://www.daimabus.com/

Linux 郵件列表

http://fxr.watson.org/

http://elixir.free-electrons.com/linux/latest/source  內核源碼

https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/lk/lk.html#toc3

https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/networking/start

https://kernelnewbies.org/KernelBuild  內核編譯

http://derekmolloy.ie/writing-a-linux-kernel-module-part-1-introduction/

 

2、操做系統主要模塊

內核區分與服務 

 

 

3、Hello World

三類驅動

* 字符設備

* 塊設備

* 網絡接口

 

一個Hello World 模塊 

 

/**
 * @file    hello.c
 * @author  elewei
 * @date    2017/01/06
 * @version 0.2
 * @brief  一個Linux Hello World 模塊！ 
 * 當調用insmod加載內核模塊時，在/var/log/kern.log文件中顯示消息
 * 模塊能夠添加一個參數， Hello name
 * @see http://www.cnblogs.com/elewei/p/7688444.html 查看詳細信息
 */
 
#include <linux/init.h>             // Macros used to mark up functions e.g., __init __exit
#include <linux/module.h>           // Core header for loading LKMs into the kernel
#include <linux/kernel.h>           // Contains types, macros, functions for the kernel
 
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");              // < The license type -- this affects runtime behavior
MODULE_AUTHOR("Elewei");            // < The author -- visible when you use modinfo
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("A simple Linux driver module example");  ///< The description -- see modinfo
MODULE_VERSION("0.2");              ///< The version of the module
 
static char *name = "world";        ///< An example LKM argument -- default value is "world"
module_param(name, charp, S_IRUGO); ///< Param desc. charp = char ptr, S_IRUGO can be read/not changed
MODULE_PARM_DESC(name, "The name to display in /var/log/kern.log");  ///< parameter description
 
/** @brief The LKM initialization function
 *  The static keyword restricts the visibility of the function to within this C file. The __init
 *  macro means that for a built-in driver (not a LKM) the function is only used at initialization
 *  time and that it can be discarded and its memory freed up after that point.
 *  @return returns 0 if successful
 */
static int __init hello_init(void){
   printk(KERN_INFO "EBB: Hello %s from the BBB LKM!\n", name);
   return 0;
}
 
/** @brief The LKM cleanup function
 *  Similar to the initialization function, it is static. The __exit macro notifies that if this
 *  code is used for a built-in driver (not a LKM) that this function is not required.
 */
static void __exit hello_exit(void){
   printk(KERN_INFO "EBB: Goodbye %s from the BBB LKM!\n", name);
}
 
/** @brief A module must use the module_init() module_exit() macros from linux/init.h, which
 *  identify the initialization function at insertion time and the cleanup function (as
 *  listed above)
 */
module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);

 

 

 

 

Makefile

 

// Makefile
obj-m += hello.o

all:
    make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules

clean:
    make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean

 

 

 

 

上面的Makefile能夠這樣寫

# 若是KERNELRELEASE已經定義, 能夠從內核編譯系統調用
ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)

obj-m := hello.o

# 不然直接從命令行調用內核編譯系統 
KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)
default:
 $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules

endif

 

 

第一步：編譯內核 

make

 

第二步：插入模塊

insmod ./hello.ko

 

第三步：查看模塊

lsmod

 

第四步：移除模塊

rmmod hello

 

 

編寫一unix程序，防止殭屍進程的出現

 

#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int main(void)
{
    int pid;
    pid=fork();

    if(pid==0)
    {
        printf("This is child process,pid=%d,bye!\n",getpid());
        exit(0);
    }

    sleep(1);
    printf("Press return to remove zombie process\n");
    getchar();

    wait(NULL);
    printf("Press return to exit\n");
    getchar();
    return 0;
}