17.4 配置從

主從配置 - 從上操做

• 安裝mysql
• 查看my.cnf，配置server-id=132，要求和主不同
• 修改完配置文件後，啓動或者重啓mysqld服務
• 把主上aming庫同步到從上
• 能夠先建立aming庫，而後把主上的/tmp/mysql.sql拷貝到從上，而後導入aming庫
• mysql -uroot
• stop slave；
• change master to master_host='', master_user='repl', master_password='', master_log_file='', master_log_pos=xx,
• start slave;
• 還要到主上執行 unlock tables

---

主從配置 - 從上操做

• 在從上機器配置

1. 首先在從上安裝並啓動mysql，而後查看my.cnf，配置server-id=131，要求和主不同，在配置文件的 log_bin參數 就不須要配置的，由於只有 主上 才須要二進制日誌文件

[root@hf-01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server-id=131
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
 # log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
 # pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
# !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
join_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
保存退出

2. 重啓mysql服務

[root@hf-01 ~]#  /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS! 
[root@hf-01 ~]#

3. 在增長 server-id 後，對於mysql 是沒有任何變化的

[root@hf-01 ~]# ls /data/mysql
aria_log.00000001  hf-01.err       ibdata1      localhost.localdomain.err  performance_schema
aria_log_control   hf-01.pid       ib_logfile0  multi-master.info          test
auto.cnf           ib_buffer_pool  ib_logfile1  mysql

4. 把主機器上備份的 .sql 數據，拷貝到從機器上，而後作一個數據恢復

• scp 192.168.202.130:/tmp/*.sql /tmp/
• 拷貝數據失敗
  • 緣由：
    • 在拷貝的數據的時候，一直拷貝數據失敗，由於在主上的機器裏有開機啓動腳本，因此致使拷貝數據失敗

[root@hf-01 ~]# scp 192.168.202.130:/tmp/*.sql /tmp/
root@192.168.74.129's password: 
                                  _oo0oo_
[root@hf-01 ~]#

- 解決方法：
    - 將主機器的裏的開機啓動腳本關閉vi .bashrc配置文件文件中註釋掉腳本，再來拷貝數據到從機器上，會發現成功

[root@hf-01 ~]# scp 192.168.202.130:/tmp/*.sql /tmp/
The authenticity of host '192.168.202.130 (192.168.202.130)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 25:ce:a9:96:36:88:84:ab:4f:7e:80:a3:e7:36:2c:9f.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes\
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.202.130' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.202.130's password: 
test.sql                                                      100% 1258     1.2KB/s   00:00    
zrlog.sql                                                     100%   10KB   9.8KB/s   00:00    
[root@hf-01 ~]#

5. 進入到從上數據庫中——>由於從上沒設置密碼，因此能夠直接進去

[root@hf-01 ~]# mysql -uroot
-bash: mysql: 未找到命令
[root@hf-01 ~]#

• mysql -uroot命令不存在，是由於沒有加入到PATH裏面
  • 這裏作個alias別名設置，用單引號' '

[root@hf-01 ~]# alias 'mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql'
[root@hf-01 ~]# alias 'mysqldump=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump'

• 這時候就能夠進入到mysql裏面去了

[root@hf-01 ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

6. 建立庫

• create database zrlog;
• create database test1;

mysql> create database zrlog;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

退出數據庫

7. 而後將數據庫作一個恢復

• mysql -uroot test < /tmp/test.sql

[root@hf-01 ~]# mysql -uroot test < /tmp/test.sql
[root@hf-01 ~]# mysql -uroot zrlog < /tmp/zrlog.sql
[root@hf-01 ~]#

• 保證兩邊數據一致

7. 而後查看/data/mysql/目錄下的數據是否和主機器上的/data/mysql/目錄是否一致
8. 開始實現主從
9. 在從機器登陸到mysql

[root@hf-01 ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

10. 而後在數據庫裏面執行命令，中止slave

• stop slave;

mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql>

11. 配置主機器相關配置

• change master to master_host='192.168.202.130', master_user='repl', master_password='hanfeng', master_log_file='hf123.000001', master_log_pos=10549;
  • master_host='192.168.202.130'，指定主機器host
  • master_user='repl'，指定主機器用戶
  • master_password='hanfeng'，指定主機器密碼
  • master_log_file='hanfeng1.000001'，指定binlog文件名
  • master_log_pos=10549，指定binlog文件大小
• 也能夠指定主機器的port，由於在生產環境中，也會有人更改mysql的默認端口 master_port=3306

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.202.130', master_user='repl', master_password='hanfeng', master_log_file='hf123.000001', master_log_pos=10549;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)

12. 開始slave

• start slave;

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>

13. 這時候經過 show slave status\G 判斷主從是否配置成功

查看slave配置

• show slave status\G
  • 在G後面不須要加分號，\G自己就是一種結束符
  • 看 Slave_IO_Running: Yes 是否爲yes
  • 看 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 是否爲yes

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.202.130
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: hf123.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 10549
               Relay_Log_File: hf-01-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 279
        Relay_Master_Log_File: hf123.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes            //檢查是否爲Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes         //檢查是否爲Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 10549
              Relay_Log_Space: 452
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 130
                  Master_UUID: fd146e3b-efca-11e7-b3d6-000c29ff458f
             Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

14. 解鎖「主」上的表（在主上機器操做）

• unlock tables;

[root@hf-01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 15
Server version: 5.6.35-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.


mysql> unlock table;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

15. 到這裏主從搭建就算完成了

查看主從同步是否正常

• 從上執行mysql -uroot
• show slave stauts\G
• 看是否有
• Slave_IO_Running: Yes
• Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
• 還需關注
• Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 //爲主從延遲的時間
• Last_IO_Errno: 0
• Last_IO_Error:
• Last_SQL_Errno: 0
• Last_SQL_Error: