隨着Nginx高性能Web服務器大量被使用,目前Nginx最新穩定版爲1.2.6,張宴兄在實際應用中大量使用Nginx,並分享Nginx高性能Web服務器知識,使得Nginx在國內也是飛速的發展。那今天我們再來溫習一下Nginx 動靜分離知識,這裏僅供參考。
1、實踐環境:
系統版本:CentOS6.0 X86_64
Nginx版本:Nginx-1.2.6
Tomcat版本:Tomcat-6.0.18
2、Nginx安裝:
實際環境中安裝Nginx,首先須要安裝pcre庫,而後再安裝Nginx:
先安裝
openssl-1.0.0 pcre-8.21 zlib-1.2.7; javascript
解壓,./configure;make makeinstall
php
#安裝pcre支持rewrite庫,也能夠安裝源碼,注*安裝源碼時,指定pcre路徑爲解壓源碼的路徑,而不是編譯後的路徑,不然會報錯。
yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel
#下載Nginx源碼包
cd /usr/src ;wget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
#解壓Nginx源碼包
tar -xzf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
#進入解壓目錄,而後sed修改Nginx版本信息爲TDTWS
cd nginx-1.2.6 ; sed -i -e 's/1.2.6//g' -e 's/nginx\//TDTWS/g' -e 's/"NGINX"/"TDTWS"/g' src/core/nginx.h
#預編譯Nginx
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.21/
css
#.configure預編譯成功後,執行make命令進行編譯 make #make執行成功後,執行make install 正式安裝 make install #自此Nginx安裝完畢!!! 3、配置Nginx: 這裏鑑於個人51CTO博客已經有Tomcat安裝和配置了,這裏忽略,只配置Nginx。 #進入Nginx應用目錄 cd /usr/local/nginx/conf #備份原nginx.conf文件 mv nginx.conf nginx.bak 建立 vi nginx.conf ,並寫入以下內容: user www www; worker_processes 8; worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000; pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 102400; events { use epoll; worker_connections 102400; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; charset utf-8; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 4k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 300m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; client_body_buffer_size 512k; proxy_connect_timeout 5; proxy_read_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 5; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 4 64k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; ###2012-12-19 change nginx logs log_format main '$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $request_time $remote_addr'; #這裏爲後端服務器wugk應用集羣配置,根據後端實際狀況修改便可,tdt_wugk爲負載均衡名稱,能夠任意指定 #但必須跟vhosts.conf虛擬主機的pass段一致,不然不能轉發後端的請求。 upstream tdt_wugk { server 10.10.141.30:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.30:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.31:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.31:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.32:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.32:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; } #這裏爲後端APP應用負載均衡配置,根據後端實際狀況修改便可。tdt_app爲負載均衡名稱,能夠任意指定 upstream tdt_app { server 10.10.141.40:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.40:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.41:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.41:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.42:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.42:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; } #include引用vhosts.conf,該文件主要用於配置Nginx 虛擬主機 include vhosts.conf; } 如上nginx.conf配置完畢,繼續配置nginx虛擬主機,繼續在當前目錄建立vhosts.conf vi vhosts.conf 內容以下: ####www.wuguangke.cn server { listen 80; server_name www.wuguangke.cn; index index.html index.htm; #配置發佈目錄爲/data/www/wugk root /data/www/wugk; location / { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk; expires 3d; } #動態頁面交給http://tdt_wugk,也即咱們以前在nginx.conf定義的upstream tdt_wugk 均衡 location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$ { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk; } #配置Nginx動靜分離,定義的靜態頁面直接從Nginx發佈目錄讀取。 location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { root /data/www/wugk; #expires定義用戶瀏覽器緩存的時間爲3天,若是靜態頁面不常更新,能夠設置更長,這樣能夠節省帶寬和緩解服務器的壓力 expires 3d; } #定義Nginx輸出日誌的路徑 access_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/access.log main; error_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/error.log crit; } ##########chinaapp.sinaapp.com 2012-12-19 server { listen 80; server_name chinaapp.sinaapp.com; index index.html index.htm; root /data/www; location / { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://tdt_app; expires 3d; } location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$ { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://tdt_app; } location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { root /data/www/app; expires 3d; } access_log /data/logs/nginx_app/access.log main; error_log /data/logs/nginx_app/error.log crit; } 4、部署測試: 後端配置好Tomcat服務,並啓動,發佈的程序需同步到Nginx的/data/www對應的目錄,由於配置動靜分離後,用戶請求你定義的靜態頁面,默認會去nginx的發佈目錄請求,而不會到後端請求,因此這時候你要保證後端跟前端的程序保持一致,可使用Rsync作服務端自動同步。 #檢查Nginx配置文件是否配置正確,提示Ok and successful表示正確,以下: [root@WEB-11-151 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful #啓動Nginx服務 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #查看Nginx進程是否啓動 ps -ef |grep nginx