SpringBoot中文註釋項目Github地址:java
https://github.com/yuanmabiji...git
本篇接 SpringBoot事件監聽機制源碼分析(上) SpringBoot源碼(九)github
溫故而知新,咱們來簡單回顧一下上篇的內容,上一篇咱們分析了SpringBoot啓動時廣播生命週期事件的原理,現將關鍵步驟再濃縮總結下:spring
ApplicationListener
監聽器實現類;2)其次加載SPI擴展類EventPublishingRunListener
。EventPublishingRunListener
廣播生命週期事件,而後ApplicationListener
監聽器實現類監聽相應的生命週期事件執行一些初始化邏輯的工做。上篇文章的側重點是分析了SpringBoot啓動時廣播生命週期事件的原理,此篇文章咱們再來詳細分析SpringBoot內置的7種生命週期事件的源碼。後端
分析SpringBoot的生命週期事件,咱們先來看一張類結構圖:
由上圖能夠看到事件類之間的關係:app
EventObject
;ApplicationEvent
繼承了JDK的事件基類EventObject
;SpringApplicationEvent
繼承了Spring的事件基類ApplicationEvent
;SpringApplicationEvent
。EventObject
類是JDK的事件基類,能夠說是全部Java事件類的基本,即全部的Java事件類都直接或間接繼承於該類,源碼以下:框架
// EventObject.java public class EventObject implements java.io.Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 5516075349620653480L; /** * The object on which the Event initially occurred. */ protected transient Object source; /** * Constructs a prototypical Event. * * @param source The object on which the Event initially occurred. * @exception IllegalArgumentException if source is null. */ public EventObject(Object source) { if (source == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("null source"); this.source = source; } /** * The object on which the Event initially occurred. * * @return The object on which the Event initially occurred. */ public Object getSource() { return source; } /** * Returns a String representation of this EventObject. * * @return A a String representation of this EventObject. */ public String toString() { return getClass().getName() + "[source=" + source + "]"; } }
能夠看到EventObject
類只有一個屬性source
,這個屬性是用來記錄最初事件是發生在哪一個類,舉個栗子,好比在SpringBoot啓動過程當中會發射ApplicationStartingEvent
事件,而這個事件最初是在SpringApplication
類中發射的,所以source
就是SpringApplication
對象。函數
ApplicationEvent
繼承了DK的事件基類EventObject
類,是Spring的事件基類,被全部Spring的具體事件類繼承,源碼以下:spring-boot
// ApplicationEvent.java /** * Class to be extended by all application events. Abstract as it * doesn't make sense for generic events to be published directly. * * @author Rod Johnson * @author Juergen Hoeller */ public abstract class ApplicationEvent extends EventObject { /** use serialVersionUID from Spring 1.2 for interoperability. */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 7099057708183571937L; /** System time when the event happened. */ private final long timestamp; /** * Create a new ApplicationEvent. * @param source the object on which the event initially occurred (never {@code null}) */ public ApplicationEvent(Object source) { super(source); this.timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); } /** * Return the system time in milliseconds when the event happened. */ public final long getTimestamp() { return this.timestamp; } }
能夠看到ApplicationEvent
有且僅有一個屬性timestamp
,該屬性是用來記錄事件發生的時間。源碼分析
SpringApplicationEvent
類繼承了Spring的事件基類ApplicationEvent
,是全部SpringBoot內置生命週期事件的父類,源碼以下:
/** * Base class for {@link ApplicationEvent} related to a {@link SpringApplication}. * * @author Phillip Webb */ @SuppressWarnings("serial") public abstract class SpringApplicationEvent extends ApplicationEvent { private final String[] args; public SpringApplicationEvent(SpringApplication application, String[] args) { super(application); this.args = args; } public SpringApplication getSpringApplication() { return (SpringApplication) getSource(); } public final String[] getArgs() { return this.args; } }
能夠看到SpringApplicationEvent
有且僅有一個屬性args
,該屬性就是SpringBoot啓動時的命令行參數即標註@SpringBootApplication
啓動類中main
函數的參數。
接下來咱們再來看一下SpringBoot
內置生命週期事件即SpringApplicationEvent
的具體子類們。
// ApplicationStartingEvent.java public class ApplicationStartingEvent extends SpringApplicationEvent { public ApplicationStartingEvent(SpringApplication application, String[] args) { super(application, args); } }
SpringBoot開始啓動時便會發布ApplicationStartingEvent
事件,其發佈時機在環境變量Environment或容器ApplicationContext建立前但在註冊ApplicationListener
具體監聽器以後,標誌標誌SpringApplication
開始啓動。
// ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent.java public class ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent extends SpringApplicationEvent { private final ConfigurableEnvironment environment; /** * Create a new {@link ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent} instance. * @param application the current application * @param args the arguments the application is running with * @param environment the environment that was just created */ public ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(SpringApplication application, String[] args, ConfigurableEnvironment environment) { super(application, args); this.environment = environment; } /** * Return the environment. * @return the environment */ public ConfigurableEnvironment getEnvironment() { return this.environment; } }
能夠看到ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
事件多了一個environment
屬性,咱們不妨想一下,多了environment
屬性的做用是啥?
答案就是ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
事件的environment
屬性做用是利用事件發佈訂閱機制,相應監聽器們能夠從ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
事件中取出environment
變量,而後咱們能夠爲environment
屬性增長屬性值或讀出environment
變量中的值。
舉個栗子:ConfigFileApplicationListener
監聽器就是監聽了ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
事件,而後取出ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
事件的environment
屬性,而後再爲environment
屬性增長application.properties
配置文件中的環境變量值。
當SpringApplication已經開始啓動且環境變量Environment
已經建立後,而且爲環境變量Environment
配置了命令行和Servlet
等類型的環境變量後,此時會發布ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
事件。
監聽ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
事件的第一個監聽器是ConfigFileApplicationListener
,由於是ConfigFileApplicationListener
監聽器還要爲環境變量Environment
增長application.properties
配置文件中的環境變量;此後還有一些也是監聽ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
事件的其餘監聽器監聽到此事件時,此時能夠說環境變量Environment
幾乎已經徹底準備好了。
思考: 監聽同一事件的監聽器們執行監聽邏輯時是有順序的,咱們能夠想一下這個排序邏輯是何時排序的?還有爲何要這樣排序呢?
// ApplicationContextInitializedEvent.java public class ApplicationContextInitializedEvent extends SpringApplicationEvent { private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context; /** * Create a new {@link ApplicationContextInitializedEvent} instance. * @param application the current application * @param args the arguments the application is running with * @param context the context that has been initialized */ public ApplicationContextInitializedEvent(SpringApplication application, String[] args, ConfigurableApplicationContext context) { super(application, args); this.context = context; } /** * Return the application context. * @return the context */ public ConfigurableApplicationContext getApplicationContext() { return this.context; } }
能夠看到ApplicationContextInitializedEvent
事件多了個ConfigurableApplicationContext
類型的context
屬性,context
屬性的做用一樣是爲了相應監聽器能夠拿到這個context
屬性執行一些邏輯,具體做用將在3.4.4
詳述。
ApplicationContextInitializedEvent
事件在ApplicationContext
容器建立後,且爲ApplicationContext
容器設置了environment
變量和執行了ApplicationContextInitializers
的初始化方法後但在bean定義加載前觸發,標誌ApplicationContext已經初始化完畢。
擴展: 能夠看到ApplicationContextInitializedEvent
是在爲context
容器配置environment
變量後觸發,此時ApplicationContextInitializedEvent
等事件只要有context
容器的話,那麼其餘須要environment
環境變量的監聽器只須要從context
中取出environment
變量便可,從而ApplicationContextInitializedEvent
等事件不必再配置environment
屬性。
// ApplicationPreparedEvent.java public class ApplicationPreparedEvent extends SpringApplicationEvent { private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context; /** * Create a new {@link ApplicationPreparedEvent} instance. * @param application the current application * @param args the arguments the application is running with * @param context the ApplicationContext about to be refreshed */ public ApplicationPreparedEvent(SpringApplication application, String[] args, ConfigurableApplicationContext context) { super(application, args); this.context = context; } /** * Return the application context. * @return the context */ public ConfigurableApplicationContext getApplicationContext() { return this.context; } }
一樣能夠看到ApplicationPreparedEvent
事件多了個ConfigurableApplicationContext
類型的context
屬性,多了context
屬性的做用是能讓監聽該事件的監聽器們能拿到context
屬性,監聽器拿到context
屬性通常有以下做用:
context
屬性,而後能夠增長一些後置處理器,好比ConfigFileApplicationListener
監聽器監聽到ApplicationPreparedEvent
事件後,而後取出context
變量,經過context
變量增長了PropertySourceOrderingPostProcessor
這個後置處理器;context
屬性取出beanFactory
容器,而後註冊一些bean
,好比LoggingApplicationListener
監聽器經過ApplicationPreparedEvent
事件的context
屬性取出beanFactory
容器,而後註冊了springBootLoggingSystem
這個單例bean
;context
屬性取出Environment
環境變量,而後就能夠操做環境變量,好比PropertiesMigrationListener
。ApplicationPreparedEvent
事件在ApplicationContext
容器已經徹底準備好時但在容器刷新前觸發,在這個階段bean
定義已經加載完畢還有environment
已經準備好能夠用了。
// ApplicationStartedEvent.java public class ApplicationStartedEvent extends SpringApplicationEvent { private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context; /** * Create a new {@link ApplicationStartedEvent} instance. * @param application the current application * @param args the arguments the application is running with * @param context the context that was being created */ public ApplicationStartedEvent(SpringApplication application, String[] args, ConfigurableApplicationContext context) { super(application, args); this.context = context; } /** * Return the application context. * @return the context */ public ConfigurableApplicationContext getApplicationContext() { return this.context; } }
ApplicationStartedEvent
事件將在容器刷新後但ApplicationRunner
和CommandLineRunner
的run
方法執行前觸發,標誌Spring
容器已經刷新,此時容器已經準備完畢了。
擴展: 這裏提到了ApplicationRunner
和CommandLineRunner
接口有啥做用呢?咱們通常會在Spring
容器刷新完畢後,此時可能有一些系統參數等靜態數據須要加載,此時咱們就能夠實現了ApplicationRunner
或CommandLineRunner
接口來實現靜態數據的加載。
// ApplicationReadyEvent.java public class ApplicationReadyEvent extends SpringApplicationEvent { private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context; /** * Create a new {@link ApplicationReadyEvent} instance. * @param application the current application * @param args the arguments the application is running with * @param context the context that was being created */ public ApplicationReadyEvent(SpringApplication application, String[] args, ConfigurableApplicationContext context) { super(application, args); this.context = context; } /** * Return the application context. * @return the context */ public ConfigurableApplicationContext getApplicationContext() { return this.context; } }
ApplicationReadyEvent
事件在調用完ApplicationRunner
和CommandLineRunner
的run
方法後觸發,此時標誌SpringApplication
已經正在運行。
// ApplicationFailedEvent.java public class ApplicationFailedEvent extends SpringApplicationEvent { private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context; private final Throwable exception; /** * Create a new {@link ApplicationFailedEvent} instance. * @param application the current application * @param args the arguments the application was running with * @param context the context that was being created (maybe null) * @param exception the exception that caused the error */ public ApplicationFailedEvent(SpringApplication application, String[] args, ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) { super(application, args); this.context = context; this.exception = exception; } /** * Return the application context. * @return the context */ public ConfigurableApplicationContext getApplicationContext() { return this.context; } /** * Return the exception that caused the failure. * @return the exception */ public Throwable getException() { return this.exception; } }
能夠看到ApplicationFailedEvent
事件除了多了一個context
屬性外,還多了一個Throwable
類型的exception
屬性用來記錄SpringBoot啓動失敗時的異常。
ApplicationFailedEvent
事件在SpringBoot啓動失敗時觸發,標誌SpringBoot啓動失敗。
此篇文章相對簡單,對SpringBoot內置的7種生命週期事件進行了詳細分析。咱們仍是引用上篇文章的一張圖來回顧一下這些生命週期事件及其用途:
因爲有一些小夥伴們建議以前有些源碼分析文章太長,致使耐心不夠,看不下去,所以,以後的源碼分析文章若是太長的話,筆者將會考慮拆分爲幾篇文章,這樣就比較短小了,比較容易看完,嘿嘿。
【源碼筆記】Github地址:
https://github.com/yuanmabiji...
點贊搞起來,嘿嘿嘿!
公衆號【源碼筆記】專一於Java後端系列框架的源碼分析。