linux下安裝FTP（pure-ftpd）

一、什麼是FTP

FTP（file transfer protocol）文件傳輸協議，能夠使主機之間共享文件。

二、使用pure-ftp搭建FTP服務

下載pure-ftp軟件包

[root@localhost src]# wget http://download.pureftpd.org/pub/pure-ftpd/releases/pure-ftpd-1.0.32.tar.bz2

解壓安裝包

[root@localhost src]# tar jxvf pure-ftpd-1.0.32.tar.bz2

配置pure-ftp

[root@localhost src]# cd pure-ftpd-1.0.32
[root@localhost pure-ftpd-1.0.32]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pureftpd --without-inetd --with-altlog --with-puredb --with-throttling --with-peruserlimits --with-tls

編譯安裝

[root@localhost pure-ftpd-1.0.32]# make && make install

查看/usr/local/pureftpd/目錄下生成的文件

[root@localhost pure-ftpd-1.0.32]# ls /usr/local/pureftpd/
bin  sbin  share

複製配置文件

[root@localhost pure-ftpd-1.0.32]# mkdir -p /usr/local/pureftpd/etc/
[root@localhost pure-ftpd-1.0.32]# cd configuration-file/
[root@localhost configuration-file]# ls
Makefile     Makefile.in     pure-config.pl.in  pure-config.py.in  pure-ftpd.conf.in
Makefile.am  pure-config.pl  pure-config.py     pure-ftpd.conf
[root@localhost configuration-file]# cp pure-ftpd.conf /usr/local/pureftpd/etc/
[root@localhost configuration-file]# cp pure-config.pl /usr/local/pureftpd/sbin/pure-config.pl
[root@localhost configuration-file]# chmod 755 /usr/local/pureftpd/sbin/pure-config.pl

編寫配置文件pure-ftpd.conf

[root@localhost configuration-file]# vim /usr/local/pureftpd/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
ChrootEveryone yes 
 //用戶只能在他的家目錄
BrokenClientsCompatibility no
MaxClientsNumber 50
//最大併發的用戶
Daemonize yes
//在後臺運行進程
MaxClientsPerIP 8
VerboseLog no 
//If you want to log all client commands, set this to "yes".
DisplayDotFiles yes
AnonymousOnly no
//Don't allow authenticated users - have a public anonymous FTP only.
NoAnonymous no
 //Disallow anonymous connections. Only allow authenticated users.
SyslogFacility ftp
DontResolve yes
 // Don't resolve host names in log files. Logs are less verbose,
// butit uses less bandwidth. Set this to "yes" on very busy servers or
 //if you don't have a working DNS.
MaxIdleTime 15
 //Maximum idle time in minutes (default = 15 minutes)
PureDB /usr/local/pureftpd/etc/pureftpd.pdb
 //用戶數據庫
LimitRecursion 3136 8
//'ls' recursion limits. The first argument is the maximum number offiles to be displayed.
//The second one is the max subdirectories depth
AnonymousCanCreateDirs no 
 //Are anonymous users allowed to create new directories ?
MaxLoad 4
 //If the system is more loaded than the following //value,anonymous users aren't allowed to download.
AntiWarez yes 
 //Disallow downloading of files owned by "ftp", ie.files that were uploaded but not validated by a local admin.
Umask 133:022
 //File creation mask. <umask for files>:<umask for dirs> .
MinUID 100
 //Minimum UID for an authenticated user to log in.
AllowUserFXP no
 //Allow FXP transfers for authenticated users.
AllowAnonymousFXP no
//Allow anonymous FXP for anonymous and non-anonymous users.
ProhibitDotFilesWrite no
// Users can't delete/write files beginning with a dot ('.')even if they own them.
ProhibitDotFilesRead no
// Prohibit *reading* of files beginning with a dot (.history, .ssh...)
AutoRename no
//Never overwrite files. When a file whoose name already exist is uploaded,
//it get automatically renamed to file.1, file.2, file.3, ...
AnonymousCantUpload no
// Disallow anonymous users to upload new files (no = upload is allowed)
PIDFile /usr/local/pureftpd/var/run/pure-ftpd.pid
//If your pure-ftpd has been compiled with standalone support,
 //you can change the location of the pid file. The default is /var/run/pure-ftpd.pid
MaxDiskUsage 99
CustomerProof yes
 //If you're sure all your users have some basic Unix knowledge,
//this feature is useless. If you're a hosting service, enable it.

建立FTP服務目錄

[root@localhost configuration-file]# mkdir /data/ftp
[root@localhost configuration-file]# useradd www
[root@localhost configuration-file]# passwd www
Changing password for user www.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too simplistic/systematic
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@localhost configuration-file]# chown -R www:www /data/ftp  //更改屬主屬組

用系統帳號需建立虛擬FTP帳號

[root@localhost configuration-file]# /usr/local/pureftpd/bin/pure-pw useradd ftp1 -uwww -d/data/ftp
Password:
Enter it again:
//建立虛擬帳號
[root@localhost configuration-file]# /usr/local/pureftpd/bin/pure-pw mkdb
//建立密碼文件，二進制文件
[root@localhost configuration-file]# /usr/local/pureftpd/bin/pure-pw  list
ftp1                /data/ftp/./
//列出虛擬帳號
[root@localhost configuration-file]# /usr/local/pureftpd/bin/pure-pw useradd ftp2 -uwww -d /data/ftp
Password:
Enter it again:
][root@localhost configuration-file]# /usr/local/pureftpd/bin/pure-pw passwd ftp2
Password:
Enter it again:
//修改虛擬帳號密碼
[root@localhost configuration-file]# /usr/local/pureftpd/bin/pure-pw userdel ftp2
//刪除虛擬帳號
[root@localhost configuration-file]# /usr/local/pureftpd/bin/pure-pw list
ftp1                /data/ftp/./

啓動pure-ftp

[root@localhost configuration-file]# /usr/local/pureftpd/sbin/pure-config.pl /usr/local/pureftpd/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
Running: /usr/local/pureftpd/sbin/pure-ftpd -A -c50 -B -C8 -D -fftp -H -I15 -lpuredb:/usr/local/pureftpd/etc/pureftpd.pdb -L3136:8 -m4 -s -U133:022 -u100 -g/usr/local/pureftpd/var/run/pure-ftpd.pid -k99 -Z

[root@localhost configuration-file]# netstat -anpt |grep pure
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:21                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      6721/pure-ftpd (SER
tcp        0      0 :::21                       :::*                        LISTEN      6721/pure-ftpd (SER

訪問pure-ftp

[root@client ~]# lftp ftp1@192.168.0.104  //客戶機
Password:
lftp ftp1@192.168.0.104:~> ls
drwxr-xr-x    5 504        www              4096 Apr 22 11:02 .
drwxr-xr-x    5 504        www              4096 Apr 22 11:02 ..
drwxr-xr-x    2 0          0                4096 Apr 22 11:02 aa
drwxr-xr-x    2 0          0                4096 Apr 22 11:02 bb
drwxr-xr-x    2 0          0                4096 Apr 22 11:02 cc
-rw-r--r--    1 0          0                   0 Apr 22 11:02 ee
-rw-r--r--    1 0          0                   0 Apr 22 11:02 qq
-rw-r--r--    1 0          0                   0 Apr 22 11:02 ww