MySQL 事務沒有提交致使 鎖等待

此文轉自：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6bb63c9e0100s7cb.html

記一次，系統出現這種異常時：

java.lang.Exception:
### Error updating database.  Cause: java.sql.SQLException: Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction
### The error may involve defaultParameterMap
### The error occurred while setting parameters
### Cause: java.sql.SQLException: Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction
; SQL []; Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction
簡單直接的方法就是：

select * from information_schema.innodb_trx 以後找到了一個一直沒有提交的只讀事務，

kill  ${trx_mysql_thread_id}  到了對應的線程後ok 了。

在5.5中，information_schema 庫中增長了三個關於鎖的表（MEMORY引擎）；
innodb_trx ## 當前運行的全部事務
innodb_locks ## 當前出現的鎖
innodb_lock_waits ## 鎖等待的對應關係

讓咱們看一下這三張表的表結構：

> desc innodb_locks;
+-------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| lock_id | varchar(81) | NO | | | |#鎖ID
| lock_trx_id | varchar(18) | NO | | | |#擁有鎖的事務ID
| lock_mode | varchar(32) | NO | | | |#鎖模式
| lock_type | varchar(32) | NO | | | |#鎖類型
| lock_table | varchar(1024) | NO | | | |#被鎖的表
| lock_index | varchar(1024) | YES | | NULL | |#被鎖的索引
| lock_space | bigint(21) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |#被鎖的表空間號
| lock_page | bigint(21) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |#被鎖的頁號
| lock_rec | bigint(21) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |#被鎖的記錄號
| lock_data | varchar(8192) | YES | | NULL | |#被鎖的數據
+-------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

> desc innodb_lock_waits;
+-------------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| requesting_trx_id | varchar(18) | NO | | | |#請求鎖的事務ID
| requested_lock_id | varchar(81) | NO | | | |#請求鎖的鎖ID
| blocking_trx_id | varchar(18) | NO | | | |#當前擁有鎖的事務ID
| blocking_lock_id | varchar(81) | NO | | | |#當前擁有鎖的鎖ID
+-------------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

> desc innodb_trx ;
+----------------------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-------+
| trx_id | varchar(18) | NO | | | |#事務ID
| trx_state | varchar(13) | NO | | | |#事務狀態：
| trx_started | datetime | NO | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | |#事務開始時間；
| trx_requested_lock_id | varchar(81) | YES | | NULL | |#innodb_locks.lock_id
| trx_wait_started | datetime | YES | | NULL | |#事務開始等待的時間
| trx_weight | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#
| trx_mysql_thread_id | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#事務線程ID
| trx_query | varchar(1024) | YES | | NULL | |#具體SQL語句
| trx_operation_state | varchar(64) | YES | | NULL | |#事務當前操做狀態
| trx_tables_in_use | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#事務中有多少個表被使用
| trx_tables_locked | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#事務擁有多少個鎖
| trx_lock_structs | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#
| trx_lock_memory_bytes | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#事務鎖住的內存大小（B）
| trx_rows_locked | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#事務鎖住的行數
| trx_rows_modified | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#事務更改的行數
| trx_concurrency_tickets | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#事務併發票數
| trx_isolation_level | varchar(16) | NO | | | |#事務隔離級別
| trx_unique_checks | int(1) | NO | | 0 | |#是否惟一性檢查
| trx_foreign_key_checks | int(1) | NO | | 0 | |#是否外鍵檢查
| trx_last_foreign_key_error | varchar(256) | YES | | NULL | |#最後的外鍵錯誤
| trx_adaptive_hash_latched | int(1) | NO | | 0 | |#
| trx_adaptive_hash_timeout | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |#
+----------------------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-------+
22 rows in set (0.01 sec)

下面咱們建立一個表來測試一下：

create table tx1
(id int primary key ,
c1 varchar(20),
c2 varchar(30))
engine=innodb default charset = utf8 ;

insert into tx1 values
(1,'aaaa','aaaaa2'),
(2,'bbbb','bbbbb2'),
(3,'cccc','ccccc2');

手動開啓一個事務，執行一條更新語句後，不提交事務

start transaction;
update tx1 set c1='test',c2='test' where id =3 ;

查詢一下innodb_trx信息以下：

> select * from innodb_trx G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
trx_id: 3669D82
trx_state: RUNNING
trx_started: 2010-12-24 13:38:06
trx_requested_lock_id: NULL
trx_wait_started: NULL
trx_weight: 3
trx_mysql_thread_id: 2344
trx_query: NULL
trx_operation_state: NULL
trx_tables_in_use: 0
trx_tables_locked: 0
trx_lock_structs: 2
trx_lock_memory_bytes: 376
trx_rows_locked: 1
trx_rows_modified: 1
trx_concurrency_tickets: 0
trx_isolation_level: REPEATABLE READ
trx_unique_checks: 1
trx_foreign_key_checks: 1
trx_last_foreign_key_error: NULL
trx_adaptive_hash_latched: 0
trx_adaptive_hash_timeout: 10000
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

因爲沒有產生鎖，因此 innodb_lock_waits  innodb_locks 兩張表的數據是空的。

> select * from innodb_lock_waits G
Empty set (0.00 sec)
> select * from innodb_locks G
Empty set (0.00 sec)

執行一個產生鎖等待的操做：

start transaction;
update tx1 set c1='test002',c2='test002' where id =3 ;

在執行：這條update語句時，此條update語句會一直處理等待狀態，過一段時間就會出現：Error : Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction的報錯。

> select * from innodb_trx G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
trx_id: 3669D83 ##第2個事務
trx_state: LOCK WAIT ## 處於等待狀態
trx_started: 2010-12-24 13:40:07
trx_requested_lock_id: 3669D83:49:3:4 ##請求的鎖ID
trx_wait_started: 2010-12-24 13:40:07
trx_weight: 2
trx_mysql_thread_id: 2346 ##線程 ID
trx_query: update tx1 set c1='heyfffff',c2='heyffffff' where id =3
trx_operation_state: starting index read
trx_tables_in_use: 1 ##須要用到1個表
trx_tables_locked: 1 ##有1個表被鎖
trx_lock_structs: 2
trx_lock_memory_bytes: 376
trx_rows_locked: 1
trx_rows_modified: 0
trx_concurrency_tickets: 0
trx_isolation_level: REPEATABLE READ
trx_unique_checks: 1
trx_foreign_key_checks: 1
trx_last_foreign_key_error: NULL
trx_adaptive_hash_latched: 0
trx_adaptive_hash_timeout: 10000
*************************** 2. row ***************************
trx_id: 3669D82 ##第1個事務
trx_state: RUNNING
trx_started: 2010-12-24 13:38:06
trx_requested_lock_id: NULL
trx_wait_started: NULL
trx_weight: 3
trx_mysql_thread_id: 2344
trx_query: NULL
trx_operation_state: NULL
trx_tables_in_use: 0
trx_tables_locked: 0
trx_lock_structs: 2
trx_lock_memory_bytes: 376
trx_rows_locked: 1
trx_rows_modified: 1
trx_concurrency_tickets: 0
trx_isolation_level: REPEATABLE READ
trx_unique_checks: 1
trx_foreign_key_checks: 1
trx_last_foreign_key_error: NULL
trx_adaptive_hash_latched: 0
trx_adaptive_hash_timeout: 10000
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)


> select * from innodb_locks G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
lock_id: 3669D83:49:3:4 ## 第2個事務須要的鎖
lock_trx_id: 3669D83
lock_mode: X
lock_type: RECORD
lock_table: `test`.`tx1`
lock_index: `PRIMARY`
lock_space: 49
lock_page: 3
lock_rec: 4
lock_data: 3
*************************** 2. row ***************************
lock_id: 3669D82:49:3:4 ## 第1個事務須要的鎖
lock_trx_id: 3669D82
lock_mode: X
lock_type: RECORD
lock_table: `test`.`tx1`
lock_index: `PRIMARY`
lock_space: 49
lock_page: 3
lock_rec: 4
lock_data: 3
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)


> select * from innodb_lock_waits G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
requesting_trx_id: 3669D83 ## 請求鎖的事務
requested_lock_id: 3669D83:49:3:4 ## 請求鎖的鎖ID
blocking_trx_id: 3669D82 ## 擁有鎖的事務
blocking_lock_id: 3669D82:49:3:4 ## 擁有鎖的鎖ID
1 row in set (0.00 sec)