十二週一次課php
12.1LNMP架構介紹css
12.2MySQL安裝mysql
12.3/12.4PHP安裝linux
12.5Nginx介紹nginx
12.1LNMP架構介紹git
• 和LAMP不一樣的是,提供web服務的是Nginxweb
• 而且php是做爲一個獨立服務存在的,這個服務叫作php-fpmredis
• Nginx直接處理靜態請求,動態請求會轉發給php-fpmsql
12.2MySQL安裝json
•cd /usr/local/src
• wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
• tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
• mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
• cd /usr/local/mysql
• useradd mysql
• mkdir /data/
• ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
• cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
• cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
• vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
定義basedir和datadir
• /etc/init.d/mysqld start
LAMP架構下,而後搭建LNMP架構 1.首先查看mysql是否啓動 ps aux |grep mysql 2.刪除目錄 rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/ 3.刪除啓動的腳本 rm -rf /etc/init.d/mysqld 4.而後其餘步驟相同
1.這裏新建一個虛擬環境(這裏不是在LAMP環境上搭建的,而是新建的一個環境)
2.而後進入到/usr/local/src目錄下,並查看目錄內容
[root@tianqi-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@tianqi-01 src]# ls
? apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 httpd-2.4.29 php-5.6.30 phpredis-develop
apr-1.6.3 d? httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz php-5.6.30.tar.gz phpredis-develop.zip
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz httpd-2.2.34 mariadb-10.2.6-linux-x86_64.tar.gz php-7.1.6
apr-util-1.6.1 httpd-2.2.34.tar.gz mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz php-7.1.6.tar.bz2
[root@tianqi-01 src]#
3.查看mysql是否啓動,若是啓動的話,須要關閉
[root@tianqi-01 src]# ps aux |grep mysql
root 19068 0.0 0.0 112660 980 pts/0 R+ 16:22 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql //沒有啓動
[root@tianqi-01 src]#
4.刪除/usr/local/mysql目錄和啓動腳本
[root@tianqi-01 src]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql
[root@tianqi-01 src]# rm -rf /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@tianqi-01 src]#
5.下載MySQL安裝包
[root@tianqi-01 src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
6.解壓安裝包
[root@tianqi-01 src]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
7.移動目錄並修更名稱——>這裏移動目錄到/usr/local/下時,必定不能有mysql目錄(若已經有mysql目錄時,再去移動則會放到mysql目錄下面去,而不是去移動並修更名稱了)
[root@tianqi-01 src]# mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@tianqi-01 src]#
8.移動完成,檢查目錄
[root@tianqi-01 local]# ls /usr/local/mysql
bin COPYING data docs include lib man mysql-test README scripts share sql-bench support-files
[root@tianqi-01 local]#
9.進入到/usr/local/mysql目錄下
[root@tianqi-01 local]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]#
10.新建mysql用戶和/data/目錄——>這裏如果在lamp以前的基礎上作的話,須要rm -rf /data/mysql/*清空內容,(直接刪除mysql目錄也能夠,它會自動建立)。
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# id mysql
uid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# rm -rf /data/mysql/*
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]#
11.初始化./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
12.而後能夠echo $?檢查,或者看初始化的過程當中是否有兩個OK
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# echo $?
0
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]#
13.由於以前已經有了配置文件/etc/my.cnf,直接編輯便可。沒有的話,拷貝配置文件cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql //注意要寫正確
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock //注意要寫正確
14.拷貝啓動腳本
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]#
15.編輯文件 /etc/init.d/mysqld,並配置
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
在文件中配置 basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
而後保存退出
16.啓動mysql服務
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# mv /etc/init.d/mysql /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/tianqi-01.err'.
..... [ OK ]
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]#
17.查看服務是否啓動成功
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# ps aux |grep mysql
root 1051 0.0 0.1 113264 1616 pts/0 S 19:22 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/tianqi-01.pid
mysql 1186 5.4 44.9 973052 449516 pts/0 Sl 19:22 0:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/tianqi-01.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/tianqi-01.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root 1217 0.0 0.0 112660 984 pts/0 S+ 19:22 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]#
18.將mysql服務加入到服務列表中去,並設置開機啓動
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]#
19.下次就能夠直接用service關閉或者啓動服務
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ]
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. [ OK ]
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]#
12.3/12.4PHP安裝
• 和LAMP安裝PHP方法有差異,須要開啓php-fpm服務
• cd /usr/local/src/
• wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.30.tar.gz
• tar zxf php-5.6.30.tar.gz
• useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
• cd php-5.6.30
• ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl
• make && make install
• cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
• vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf //寫入以下內容(參考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/php-fpm.conf)
• cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
• chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
• chkconfig --add php-fpm
• chkconfig php-fpm on
• service php-fpm start
• ps aux |grep php-fpm
1.首先進入到/usr/local/src/
[root@tianqi-01 mysql]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@tianqi-01 src]# ls
? d? mariadb-10.2.6-linux-x86_64.tar.gz php-7.1.6
apr-1.6.3 httpd-2.2.34 mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz php-7.1.6.tar.bz2
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz httpd-2.2.34.tar.gz mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz.1 phpredis-develop
apr-util-1.6.1 httpd-2.4.29 php-5.6.30 phpredis-develop.zip
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz php-5.6.30.tar.gz
[root@tianqi-01 src]#
2.清除以前編譯過的php
[root@tianqi-01 src]# cd php-5.6.30/
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# ls
acinclude.m4 ext main NEWS README.PARAMETER_PARSING_API server-tests.php
aclocal.m4 EXTENSIONS makedist pear README.REDIST.BINS snapshot
build footer Makefile php5.spec README.RELEASE_PROCESS stamp-h.in
buildconf generated_lists Makefile.frag php5.spec.in README.SELF-CONTAINED-EXTENSIONS stub.c
buildconf.bat genfiles Makefile.fragments php.gif README.STREAMS tests
CODING_STANDARDS header Makefile.gcov php.ini-development README.SUBMITTING_PATCH travis
config.guess include Makefile.global php.ini-production README.TESTING TSRM
config.log INSTALL Makefile.objects README.EXT_SKEL README.TESTING2 UPGRADING
config.nice install-sh makerpm README.GIT-RULES README.UNIX-BUILD-SYSTEM UPGRADING.INTERNALS
config.status libphp5.la meta_ccld README.input_filter README.WIN32-BUILD-SYSTEM vcsclean
config.sub libs missing README.MAILINGLIST_RULES run-tests.php win32
configure libtool mkinstalldirs README.md sapi Zend
configure.in LICENSE modules README.namespaces scripts
CREDITS ltmain.sh netware README.NEW-OUTPUT-API server-tests-config.php
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# make clean
find . -name \*.gcno -o -name \*.gcda | xargs rm -f
find . -name \*.lo -o -name \*.o | xargs rm -f
find . -name \*.la -o -name \*.a | xargs rm -f
find . -name \*.so | xargs rm -f
find . -name .libs -a -type d|xargs rm -rf
rm -f libphp5.la sapi/cli/php sapi/cgi/php-cgi libphp5.la modules/* libs/* //這裏會刪除php5.la這些文件,如今就是剛剛解壓的狀態
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
3.查看php目錄
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php
bin etc include lib php
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php7/
bin etc include lib php var
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
4.初始化
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl
configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# yum install -y libcurl-devel
5.再次./configure編譯
6.能夠echo $?檢查是否初始化成功
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# echo $?
0
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
7.而後make && make instal編譯
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# make && make install
8.用echo $?檢查是否成功
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# echo $?
0
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
8.查看/usr/local/php-fpm/目錄——>於/usr/local/php/目錄項比較多了sbin和var 目錄
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/
bin etc include lib php sbin var
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/ //在sbin目錄下有一個php-fpm文件,就是用來啓動php-fpm的
php-fpm
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/ //在var目錄下有 log 和 run 文件,log文件存放日誌的,run存放pid的,日誌和pid路徑都是能夠指定的
log run
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
9./usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm 和 /usr/local/php-fpm/bin/php 的用法是基本一致的
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -m //查看模塊
[PHP Modules]
cgi-fcgi
Core
ctype
curl
date
dom
ereg
exif
fileinfo
filter
ftp
gd
hash
iconv
json
libxml
mbstring
mcrypt
mysql
mysqli
openssl
pcre
PDO
pdo_mysql
pdo_sqlite
Phar
posix
Reflection
session
SimpleXML
soap
SPL
sqlite3
standard
tokenizer
xml
xmlreader
xmlwriter
zlib
[Zend Modules]
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -i
phpinfo()
PHP Version => 5.6.30
10.用/usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t 測試配置文件文件語法是否錯誤
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[08-Mar-2018 20:00:57] ERROR: failed to open configuration file '/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf': No such file or directory (2)
[08-Mar-2018 20:00:57] ERROR: failed to load configuration file '/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf'
[08-Mar-2018 20:00:57] ERROR: FPM initialization failed
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
11.這裏會提示配置文件並不存在,若想要啓動php-fpm服務,首先須要去配置配置文件
12.拷貝cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini文件
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
13.進入到/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/目錄下
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# cd /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/
[root@tianqi-01 etc]# ls
pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default php.ini
[root@tianqi-01 etc]#
14.編輯配置文件vim php-fpm.conf,或者直接把php-fpm.conf.default文件更名字爲php-fpm.cnf——>這裏直接新建寫入的
//去https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/php-fpm.conf拷貝樣例,拷貝到文件中
[global] //全局配置
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid //定義PID
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log //錯誤日誌
[www] //模塊名字,啓動服務的時候就能看到
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock //監聽的地址
listen.mode = 666 //當監聽的是sock的時候,這個語句纔會生效,這個語句用來定義sock文件權限的 user = php-fpm //用戶,定義服務是哪一個用戶啓動的
group = php-fpm // 組,定義服務是哪一個組啓動的
pm = dynamic //進程相關信息
pm.max_children = 50 //進程相關信息
pm.start_servers = 20 //進程相關信息
pm.min_spare_servers = 5 //進程相關信息
pm.max_spare_servers = 35 //進程相關信息
pm.max_requests = 500 //進程相關信息
rlimit_files = 1024
而後保存退出
linsten 能夠監聽sock、tcp 能夠寫成 linsten = 127.0.0.1:9000(默認端口就是9000,可自定義),通常監聽的到是「127.0.0.1 」IP,由於php-fpm這個服務是針對內部使用的、在本機上用的,也就是說Nginx和php一般是在一臺機器上,二者之間通訊直接使用內部網絡就能夠了;在這塊選擇的linsten配置不一樣,到以後的配置Nginx配置,也就是告訴Nginx到哪裏找php的配置語句也是不一樣。
15.進入到/usr/local/src/php-5.6.30/下,拷貝啓動的腳本
[root@tianqi-01 etc]# cd /usr/local/src/php-5.6.30/
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
16.加入到服務列表中,先更改權限,而後在chkconfig,最後在開機啓動
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# chkconfig --add php-fpm
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# chkconfig php-fpm on
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm [08-Mar-2018 20:15:05] ERROR: [pool www] cannot get uid for user 'php-fpm'
[08-Mar-2018 20:15:05] ERROR: FPM initialization failed
failed
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
//這裏啓動以前,應該先檢測一下
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[08-Mar-2018 20:18:03] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
//上面提示啓動的時候,php-fpm用戶不存在
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# useradd php-fpm
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
//再次啓動
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
17.查看php-fpm服務是否啓動
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]# ps aux |grep php-fpm
root 117297 0.0 0.4 123612 4948 ? Ss 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php-fpm 117298 0.0 0.4 123612 4712 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117299 0.0 0.4 123612 4712 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117300 0.0 0.4 123612 4712 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117301 0.0 0.4 123612 4712 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117302 0.0 0.4 123612 4716 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117303 0.0 0.4 123612 4716 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117304 0.0 0.4 123612 4716 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117305 0.0 0.4 123612 4716 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117306 0.0 0.4 123612 4716 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117307 0.0 0.4 123612 4716 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117308 0.0 0.4 123612 4716 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117309 0.0 0.4 123612 4720 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117310 0.0 0.4 123612 4720 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117311 0.0 0.4 123612 4720 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117312 0.0 0.4 123612 4720 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117313 0.0 0.4 123612 4720 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117314 0.0 0.4 123612 4720 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117315 0.0 0.4 123612 4720 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117316 0.0 0.4 123612 4720 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 117317 0.0 0.4 123612 4720 ? S 20:20 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
root 117321 0.0 0.0 112660 980 pts/0 R+ 20:22 0:00 grep --color=auto php-fpm
[root@tianqi-01 php-5.6.30]#
12.5Nginx介紹
友情連接:阿銘Linux