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路由器的物理接口能夠被劃分紅多個邏輯接口,這些被劃分後的邏輯接口被形象的稱爲子接口。值得注意的是這些邏輯子接口不能被單獨的開啓或關閉,也就是說,當物理接口被開啓或關閉時,全部的該接口的子接口也隨之被開啓或關閉。安全
vlan能有效分割局域網,實現各網絡區域之間的訪問控制。但現實中,每每須要配置某些vlan之間的互聯互通。好比,例如:你的公司劃分爲領導層、銷售部、財務部、人事部、技術部,併爲不一樣部門配置了不一樣的vlan,部門之間不能相互訪問,有效保證了各部門的信息安全。但常常出現領導層須要跨越Vvlan訪問其餘各個部門,這個功能就由單臂路由來實現。網絡
sw#conf t sw(config)#no ip routing sw(config)#vlan 10,20 sw(config-vlan)#ex sw(config)#int f1/1 sw(config-if)#sw mo acc sw(config-if)#sw acc vlan 10 sw(config-if)#int f1/2 sw(config-if)#sw mo acc sw(config-if)#sw acc vlan 20 sw(config-if)#do show vlan-sw b VLAN Name Status Ports ---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- 1 default active Fa1/0, Fa1/3, Fa1/4, Fa1/5 Fa1/6, Fa1/7, Fa1/8, Fa1/9 Fa1/10, Fa1/11, Fa1/12, Fa1/13 Fa1/14, Fa1/15 10 VLAN0010 active Fa1/1 20 VLAN0020 active Fa1/2 1002 fddi-default act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default act/unsup 1005 trnet-default act/unsup sw(config-if)#ex sw(config)#int f1/0 sw(config-if)#sw mo t sw(config-if)#sw t en dot sw(config-if)#do show int f1/0 switchport Name: Fa1/0 Switchport: Enabled Administrative Mode: trunk Operational Mode: trunk Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q Operational Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q Negotiation of Trunking: Disabled Access Mode VLAN: 0 ((Inactive)) Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default) Trunking VLANs Enabled: ALL Trunking VLANs Active: 1,10,20 Priority for untagged frames: 0 Override vlan tag priority: FALSE Voice VLAN: none Appliance trust: none
R1#conf t R1(config)#int f0/0.1 //配置子接口1 R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10 //在vlan10中封裝協議 R1(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 //劃分IP地址和子網 R1(config-subif)#no shut //激活端口 R1(config-subif)#ex R1(config)#int f0/0.2 //配置子接口2 R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20 //在vlan20中封裝協議 R1(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 //劃分IP地址和子網 R1(config-subif)#no shut //激活端口 R1(config-subif)#ex R1(config)#int f0/0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#end R1#show ip int b Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset up up FastEthernet0/0.1 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/0.2 192.168.20.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.1 C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.2 //兩個直連網段在這裏
PC1> ip 192.168.10.10 192.168.10.1 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.10.1 PC2> ip 192.168.20.20 192.168.20.1 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 192.168.20.20 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.20.1
PC1> ping 192.168.20.20 192.168.20.20 icmp_seq=1 timeout 84 bytes from 192.168.20.20 icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=23.683 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.20.20 icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=17.958 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.20.20 icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=18.883 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.20.20 icmp_seq=5 ttl=63 time=20.704 ms //此時是可以ping通的,說明單臂路由配置成功