PXE 引導 ESXi 安裝

前段時間公司要建設本身的雲中心，部署上百臺服務器，那麼問題來了，我總不能一臺一臺的安裝吧，因而想到了PXE方式安裝。

PXE使用動態主機配置協議（DHCP）和簡單文件傳輸協議（TFTP）經過網絡引導操做系統
PXE安裝過程概覽：

DHCP服務器會提供給ESXi主機TFTP服務器IP地址、指向pxelinux.0目錄的指針、目標計算機使用 DHCP 服務器來獲取 IP 地址。

TFTP服務器用於網絡引導系統，簡單來講就是傳輸系統安裝文件和pxelinux.0（pxelinux.0二進制文件、配置文件、內核以及其餘文件）

HTTP服務器用於存放ks.cfg腳本

Syslinux是一個功能強大的引導加載程序，並且兼容各類介質

PXE配置文件說明：

下面詳細說明下步驟：

準備工做：

操做系統：centos7.0（其餘版本也能夠 ）

安裝 DHCP   TFTP-server  syslinux  httpd

 

一、DHCP服務器的安裝配置：

Yum install dhcp

# dhcpd.conf

# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd

# option definitions common to all supportednetworks..

default-lease-time 600;

max-lease-time 7200;

# Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updatesglobally.

ddns-update-style none;

allow booting;

allow bootp;

class "pxeclients" {

match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier, 0,9) = "PXEClient";

next-server 192.168.10.145;        //指定TFTP服務器地址，設置服務器從引導文件中安裝。

filename = "pxelinux.0";       //開始啓動文件的名稱，應用於無盤工做站。

}

subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 192.168.10.100 192.168.10.250;

}

 

二、TFTP服務器的安裝配置：

Yum install xinetd

Yum install tftp

Yum install tftp-server

打開/etc/xinetd.d/tftp disable = no  server_args = -s/var/lib/tftpboot/

解壓ESXi.iso鏡像，複製鏡像到tftpboot目錄下的esxi目錄下

mount -o loop -t iso9660 /tmp/VMware-VMvisor-Installer-5.5.0-1331820.x86_64.iso /mnt/iso/

cd /mnt/iso/

cp *.* /var/lib/tftpboot/esxi/

 

yuminstall syslinux

Syslinux配置：

首先安裝syslinux  進入syslinux目錄 複製/usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0

/usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 到/var/lib/tftpboot/下

 

建立 PXE 配置文件

mkdir /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

將/var/lib/tftpboot/esxi/isolinux.cfg  複製到 pxelinux.cfg目錄下,名稱能夠爲default

（     關於PXE 配置文件的文件名說明：

對於PXE 配置文件的文件名,請選擇如下選項之一:

1   01-mac_address_of_target_ESXi_host。例如,01-23-45-67-89-0a-bc

2   以十六進制表示的目標ESXi 主機IP 地址。

3   default    ）

cp  /var/lib/tftpboot/esxi/isolinux.cfg  /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

內容以下(默認目錄爲var/lib/tftpboot,我在KERNEL esxi/mboot.c32

  APPEND -cesxi/boot.cfg處寫過絕對路徑，可是結果提示找不到對應文件，因此修改爲了相對路徑)：

DEFAULT menu.c32

MENU TITLE ESXi-5.5.0-20140302001-standard Boot Menu

NOHALT 1

PROMPT 0

TIMEOUT 80

LABEL install

  KERNEL /esxi/mboot.c32

  APPEND -c /esxi/boot.cfg       //esxi前面的斜槓不能少

  MENU LABELESXi-5.5.0-20140302001-standard ^Installer

LABEL hddboot

  LOCALBOOT 0x80

  MENU LABEL^Boot from local disk

 

修改boot.cfg:

cd /var/lib/tftpboot/esxi/

sed -e "s#/##g" -e "3s#^#prefix=/`basename $PWD`/\n#" -i.bak boot.cfg

這裏須要進入boot.cfg看一下，若是prefix=/esxi/修改成prefix=esxi/

修改前：

bootstate=0

title=Loading ESXi installer

kernel=/tboot.b00

kernelopt=runweasel

modules=/b.b00 --- /jumpstrt.gz --- /useropts.gz ---/k.b00 --- /chardevs.b00 --- /a.b00 --- /user.b00 --- /sb.v00 --- /s.v00 ---/ata_pata.v00 --- /ata_pata.v01 --- /ata_pata.v02 --- /ata_pata.v03 --- /ata_pata.v04--- /ata_pata.v05 --- /ata_pata.v06 --- /ata_pata.v07 --- /block_cc.v00 ---/ehci_ehc.v00 --- /elxnet.v00 --- /weaselin.t00 --- /esx_dvfi.v00 ---/xlibs.v00 --- /ima_qla4.v00 --- /ipmi_ipm.v00 --- /ipmi_ipm.v01 ---/ipmi_ipm.v02 --- /lpfc.v00 --- /lsi_mr3.v00 --- /lsi_msgp.v00 ---/misc_cni.v00 --- /misc_dri.v00 --- /mtip32xx.v00 --- /net_be2n.v00 ---/net_bnx2.v00 --- /net_bnx2.v01 --- /net_cnic.v00 --- /net_e100.v00 ---/net_e100.v01 --- /net_enic.v00 --- /net_forc.v00 --- /net_igb.v00 --- /net_ixgb.v00--- /net_mlx4.v00 --- /net_mlx4.v01 --- /net_nx_n.v00 --- /net_tg3.v00 ---/net_vmxn.v00 --- /ohci_usb.v00 --- /qlnative.v00 --- /rste.v00 ---/sata_ahc.v00 --- /sata_ata.v00 --- /sata_sat.v00 --- /sata_sat.v01 ---/sata_sat.v02 --- /sata_sat.v03 --- /sata_sat.v04 --- /scsi_aac.v00 ---/scsi_adp.v00 --- /scsi_aic.v00 --- /scsi_bnx.v00 --- /scsi_bnx.v01 ---/scsi_fni.v00 --- /scsi_hps.v00 --- /scsi_ips.v00 --- /scsi_lpf.v00 ---/scsi_meg.v00 --- /scsi_meg.v01 --- /scsi_meg.v02 --- /scsi_mpt.v00 --- /scsi_mpt.v01--- /scsi_mpt.v02 --- /scsi_qla.v00 --- /scsi_qla.v01 --- /uhci_usb.v00 ---/tools.t00 --- /xorg.v00 --- /imgdb.tgz --- /imgpayld.tgz

build=

updated=0

 

修改後：

bootstate=0

title=Loading ESXi installer

prefix=esxi/

kernel=tboot.b00

#kernelopt=runweasel

kernelopt=ks=http://192.168.10.145/KS/ks.cfg

modules=b.b00 --- jumpstrt.gz --- useropts.gz ---k.b00 --- chardevs.b00 --- a.b00 --- user.b00 --- sb.v00 --- s.v00 ---ata_pata.v00 --- ata_pata.v01 --- ata_pata.v02 --- ata_pata.v03 --- ata_pata.v04--- ata_pata.v05 --- ata_pata.v06 --- ata_pata.v07 --- block_cc.v00 ---ehci_ehc.v00 --- elxnet.v00 --- weaselin.t00 --- esx_dvfi.v00 --- xlibs.v00 ---ima_qla4.v00 --- ipmi_ipm.v00 --- ipmi_ipm.v01 --- ipmi_ipm.v02 --- lpfc.v00--- lsi_mr3.v00 --- lsi_msgp.v00 --- misc_cni.v00 --- misc_dri.v00 ---mtip32xx.v00 --- net_be2n.v00 --- net_bnx2.v00 --- net_bnx2.v01 ---net_cnic.v00 --- net_e100.v00 --- net_e100.v01 --- net_enic.v00 ---net_forc.v00 --- net_igb.v00 --- net_ixgb.v00 --- net_mlx4.v00 --- net_mlx4.v01--- net_nx_n.v00 --- net_tg3.v00 --- net_vmxn.v00 --- ohci_usb.v00 ---qlnative.v00 --- rste.v00 --- sata_ahc.v00 --- sata_ata.v00 --- sata_sat.v00--- sata_sat.v01 --- sata_sat.v02 --- sata_sat.v03 --- sata_sat.v04 ---scsi_aac.v00 --- scsi_adp.v00 --- scsi_aic.v00 --- scsi_bnx.v00 ---scsi_bnx.v01 --- scsi_fni.v00 --- scsi_hps.v00 --- scsi_ips.v00 ---scsi_lpf.v00 --- scsi_meg.v00 --- scsi_meg.v01 --- scsi_meg.v02 ---scsi_mpt.v00 --- scsi_mpt.v01 --- scsi_mpt.v02 --- scsi_qla.v00 --- scsi_qla.v01--- uhci_usb.v00 --- tools.t00 --- xorg.v00 --- imgdb.tgz --- imgpayld.tgz

build=

updated=0

 

去掉 /  ,添加prefix=esxi/  指定modules下的文件的前綴。

 

Httpd服務器的配置：

安裝：yum install httpd

進入默認目錄 /var/www/html/

建立KS目錄，建立ks.cfg文件，內容以下：

# Accept the VMware End User License Agreement

vmaccepteula

# Set the root password for the DCUI and Tech SupportMode

rootpw wxk_123

# Set the keyboard type

keyboard 'United Kingdom'

# Install on the first local disk available on machine

install --firstdisk --overwritevmfs

# Configure a static IP Address on the first networkadapter

network --bootproto=dhcp --device=vmnic0

#Reboot after installation complete

reboot

service xinetd start

Service dhcpd start

service httpd restart

啓動全部服務，完成，在服務器啓動時bios中設置爲從網絡啓動。

以上步驟都是經過實驗完成的確認無誤。

啓動服務器開啓網絡啓動。開始安裝。