安裝後在/root目錄下沒有發現有.mysql_secret這個文件,因此沒有無法按照官方文檔上說的那樣使用,這裏記錄下,mysql
解決方式:sql
首先修改MySQL受權登陸方式---(跳過受權驗證方式啓動MySQL):
[root@test ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & [1] 3401 [root@test ~]# 2016-05-19T12:47:56.564385Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'. 2016-05-19T12:47:56.589376Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
檢查MySQL啓動狀況 [root@test ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql root 3401 2880 0 20:47 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables mysql 3548 3401 0 20:47 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
這時登陸MySQL再也不須要驗證
[root@test ~]# mysql
切換到mysql系統庫: mysql> use mysql; 修改root帳戶登陸密碼: mysql> update user set password=password('') where user='root'; ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list' ---報錯沒有password這個數據字段列 描述user表 mysql> desc user; ... | authentication_string | text | YES | | NULL | | | password_expired | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | | | password_last_changed | timestamp | YES | | NULL | | | password_lifetime | smallint(5) unsigned | YES | | NULL | | | account_locked | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | | +------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+ ---沒發現password列,可是找到這5個跟密碼相關的數據字段 查詢一下相關的密碼信息: mysql> select user,host,authentication_string,password_expired from user; +-----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+ | user | host | authentication_string | password_expired | +-----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+ | root | localhost | *9AA01F6E2A80A823ACB72CC07337E2911404B5B8 | Y | | mysql.sys | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | N | +-----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+ ---到這裏不難發現root帳戶的密碼已過時,還比5.6多出了一個mysql.sys用戶 修改密碼 mysql> update user set authentication_string=password('123abc') where user='root'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit
重啓MySQL: [root@test ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart 登陸測試: [root@test ~]# mysql -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.12-enterprise-commercial-advanced ... mysql> show databases; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. ---報錯,須要使用alter user 修改密碼
mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'oracle'; ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements ---報錯,密碼不知足制定的密碼負責度要求
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Abc!123D'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 8 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+--------+ 6 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> show plugins; +----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+-------------+ | Name | Status | Type | Library | License | +----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+-------------+ | binlog | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | PROPRIETARY | ... | validate_password | ACTIVE | VALIDATE PASSWORD | validate_password.so | PROPRIETARY | +----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+-------------+ ---能夠經過在配置文件[mysqld]標籤中添加 validate_passwor=off ,來關閉密碼策略 以下: ... | validate_password | DISABLED | VALIDATE PASSWORD | validate_password.so | PROPRIETARY | +----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+-------------+
1) 安裝好mysql後,第一次啓動時,root管理密碼會在/root/.mysql_secret中隨機生成shell
2) 至5.7後,MySQL的 mysql.user 表中的密碼字段由以前的 password 改成 authentication_stringoracle
3) 使用--skip-grant-tables 參數啓動,跳過MySQL的受權驗證,--skip-networking參數,跳過遠程登陸socket
4) 修改MySQL密碼方式:ide
法1:update user set authentication_string=password('123abc') where user='root';
工具
法2:set password=password('newpassword');測試
法3:alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'oracle';ui
法4:在shell下使用MySQL工具:mysqladmin -uroot -poldpassword pasword "newpassword"this
5) 關於MySQL密碼策略:
通過一段時間後,發現mysql初始密碼原來被記錄到了日誌文件中
查找日誌位置
[root@test /var/lib/mysql]# ps -ef | grep mysql root 5604 1 0 22:40 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --basedir=/usr --user=mysql mysql 5802 5604 5 22:40 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock root 5837 2880 0 22:40 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color mysql
藏在日誌文件中的臨時密碼 [root@test /var/lib/mysql]# grep "A temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log 2016-05-17T16:46:53.059632Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: +wGVA#to(4tu