Spring之junit測試集成

簡介

Spring提供spring-test-5.2.1.RELEASE.jar 能夠整合junit。
優點：能夠簡化測試代碼（不須要手動建立上下文，即手動建立spring容器）

使用spring和junit集成的步驟

1.導入jar包

2.建立包com.igeek.test,建立類SpringTest

經過@RunWith註解，使用junit整合spring
經過@ContextConfiguration註解，指定spring容器的位置

3.經過@Autowired註解，注入須要測試的對象
在這裏注意兩點：

將測試對象注入到測試用例中

測試用例不須要配置 ，由於使用測試類運行的時候，會自動啓動註解的支持(僅對該測試類啓用)

舉例說明一下

1.第一種：在applicationContext.xml中不開啓註解掃描

配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">     

    <bean id="userService" class="com.igeek.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>

service層:

public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {

    @Override    
    public void save() { 
        System.out.println("save...");   
    }
}

測試類:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class Test01 { 
    @Autowired   
    private IUserService userService;
    
    @Test    
    public void test01(){ 
        userService.save();   
    }
}

2.第二種：在applicationContext.xml中開啓註解掃描

配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">  

<!--開啓註解掃描-->    
<context:component-scan base-package="com.igeek"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

service層:

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {

    @Override    
    public void save() { 
        System.out.println("save...");   
    }
}

測試類:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class Test01 { 
    @Autowired   
    private IUserService userService;
    
    @Test    
    public void test01(){ 
        userService.save();   
    }
}