Django內置的Admin是對於model中對應的數據表進行增刪改查提供的組件,使用方式有:html
Django內置的Admin是對於model中對應的數據表進行增刪改查提供的組件,使用方式有: 複製代碼 依賴APP: django.contrib.auth django.contrib.contenttypes django.contrib.messages django.contrib.sessions 模板的context_processors: django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages 中間件: django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware 複製代碼 一. 配置路由 1 2 3 urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), ] 當前配置的路由能夠建立一些路由映射關係: /admin/ /admin/login/ /admin/logout/ /admin/password_change/ /admin/password_change/done/ /admin/app名稱/model名稱/ /admin/app名稱/model名稱/add/ /admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/history/ /admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/change/ /admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/delete/ 二. 定製Admin 在admin.py中只須要講Mode中的某個類註冊,便可在Admin中實現增刪改查的功能,如: 1 admin.site.register(models.UserInfo) 可是,這種方式比較簡單,若是想要進行更多的定製操做,須要利用ModelAdmin進行操做,如: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 方式一: class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('user', 'pwd',) admin.site.register(models.UserInfo, UserAdmin) # 第一個參數能夠是列表 方式二: @admin.register(models.UserInfo) # 第一個參數能夠是列表 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('user', 'pwd',) ModelAdmin中提供了大量的可定製功能,如 1. list_display,列表時,定製顯示的列。 1 2 3 4 5 6 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('user', 'pwd', 'xxxxx') def xxxxx(self, obj): return "xxxxx" 2. list_display_links,列表時,定製列能夠點擊跳轉。 1 2 3 4 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('user', 'pwd', 'xxxxx') list_display_links = ('pwd',) 3. list_filter,列表時,定製右側快速篩選。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _ @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('user', 'pwd') class Ugg(admin.SimpleListFilter): title = _('decade born') parameter_name = 'xxxxxx' def lookups(self, request, model_admin): """ 顯示篩選選項 :param request: :param model_admin: :return: """ return models.UserGroup.objects.values_list('id', 'title') def queryset(self, request, queryset): """ 點擊查詢時,進行篩選 :param request: :param queryset: :return: """ v = self.value() return queryset.filter(ug=v) list_filter = ('user',Ugg,) 4. list_select_related,列表時,連表查詢是否自動select_related 5. 分頁相關 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 # 分頁,每頁顯示條數 list_per_page = 100 # 分頁,顯示所有(真實數據<該值時,纔會有顯示所有) list_max_show_all = 200 # 分頁插件 paginator = Paginator 6. list_editable,列表時,能夠編輯的列 1 2 3 4 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('user', 'pwd','ug',) list_editable = ('ug',) 7. search_fields,列表時,模糊搜索的功能 1 2 3 4 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): search_fields = ('user', 'pwd') 8. date_hierarchy,列表時,對Date和DateTime類型進行搜索 1 2 3 4 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): date_hierarchy = 'ctime' 9. preserve_filters,詳細頁面,刪除、修改,更新後跳轉回列表後,是否保留原搜索條件 10. save_as = False,詳細頁面,按鈕爲「Sava as new」 或 「Sava and add another」 11. save_as_continue = True,點擊保存並繼續編輯 1 2 3 4 5 6 save_as_continue = True # 若是 save_as=True,save_as_continue = True, 點擊Sava as new 按鈕後繼續編輯。 # 若是 save_as=True,save_as_continue = False,點擊Sava as new 按鈕後返回列表。 New in Django 1.10. 12. save_on_top = False,詳細頁面,在頁面上方是否也顯示保存刪除等按鈕 13. inlines,詳細頁面,若是有其餘表和當前表作FK,那麼詳細頁面能夠進行動態增長和刪除 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 class UserInfoInline(admin.StackedInline): # TabularInline extra = 0 model = models.UserInfo class GroupAdminMode(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('id', 'title',) inlines = [UserInfoInline, ] 14. action,列表時,定製action中的操做 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): # 定製Action行爲具體方法 def func(self, request, queryset): print(self, request, queryset) print(request.POST.getlist('_selected_action')) func.short_description = "中文顯示自定義Actions" actions = [func, ] # Action選項都是在頁面上方顯示 actions_on_top = True # Action選項都是在頁面下方顯示 actions_on_bottom = False # 是否顯示選擇個數 actions_selection_counter = True 15. 定製HTML模板 1 2 3 4 5 6 add_form_template = None change_form_template = None change_list_template = None delete_confirmation_template = None delete_selected_confirmation_template = None object_history_template = None 16. raw_id_fields,詳細頁面,針對FK和M2M字段變成以Input框形式 1 2 3 4 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): raw_id_fields = ('FK字段', 'M2M字段',) 17. fields,詳細頁面時,顯示字段的字段 1 2 3 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): fields = ('user',) 18. exclude,詳細頁面時,排除的字段 1 2 3 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): exclude = ('user',) 19. readonly_fields,詳細頁面時,只讀字段 1 2 3 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): readonly_fields = ('user',) 20. fieldsets,詳細頁面時,使用fieldsets標籤對數據進行分割顯示 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): fieldsets = ( ('基本數據', { 'fields': ('user', 'pwd', 'ctime',) }), ('其餘', { 'classes': ('collapse', 'wide', 'extrapretty'), # 'collapse','wide', 'extrapretty' 'fields': ('user', 'pwd'), }), ) 21. 詳細頁面時,M2M顯示時,數據移動選擇(方向:上下和左右) 1 2 3 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): filter_vertical = ("m2m字段",) # 或filter_horizontal = ("m2m字段",) 22. ordering,列表時,數據排序規則 1 2 3 4 5 6 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): ordering = ('-id',) 或 def get_ordering(self, request): return ['-id', ] 23. view_on_site,編輯時,是否在頁面上顯示view on set 1 2 3 4 view_on_site = False 或 def view_on_site(self, obj): return 'https://www.baidu.com' 24. radio_fields,詳細頁面時,使用radio顯示選項(FK默認使用select) 1 radio_fields = {"ug": admin.VERTICAL} # 或admin.HORIZONTAL 25. show_full_result_count = True,列表時,模糊搜索後面顯示的數據個數樣式 1 2 3 4 5 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): # show_full_result_count = True # 1 result (12 total) # show_full_result_count = False # 1 result (Show all) search_fields = ('user',) 26. formfield_overrides = {},詳細頁面時,指定現實插件 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 from django.forms import widgets from django.utils.html import format_html class MyTextarea(widgets.Widget): def __init__(self, attrs=None): # Use slightly better defaults than HTML's 20x2 box default_attrs = {'cols': '40', 'rows': '10'} if attrs: default_attrs.update(attrs) super(MyTextarea, self).__init__(default_attrs) def render(self, name, value, attrs=None): if value is None: value = '' final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name) return format_html('<textarea {}>\r\n{}</textarea>',final_attrs, value) @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): formfield_overrides = { models.models.CharField: {'widget': MyTextarea}, } 27. prepopulated_fields = {},添加頁面,當在某字段填入值後,自動會將值填充到指定字段。 1 2 3 4 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): prepopulated_fields = {"email": ("user","pwd",)} PS: DjangoAdmin中使用js實現功能,頁面email字段的值會在輸入:user、pwd時自動填充 28. form = ModelForm,用於定製用戶請求時候表單驗證 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 from app01 import models from django.forms import ModelForm from django.forms import fields class MyForm(ModelForm): others = fields.CharField() class Meta: model = models = models.UserInfo fields = "__all__" @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): form = MyForm 29. empty_value_display = "列數據爲空時,顯示默認值" 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): empty_value_display = "列數據爲空時,默認顯示" list_display = ('user','pwd','up') def up(self,obj): return obj.user up.empty_value_display = "指定列數據爲空時,默認顯示"
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urlpatterns
=
[
url(r
'^admin/'
, admin.site.urls),
]
|
當前配置的路由能夠建立一些路由映射關係:python
/admin/
/admin/login/
/admin/logout/
/admin/password_change/
/admin/password_change/done/django
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/add/
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/history/
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/change/
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/delete/session
在admin.py中只須要講Mode中的某個類註冊,便可在Admin中實現增刪改查的功能,如:app
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|
admin.site.register(models.UserInfo)
|
可是,這種方式比較簡單,若是想要進行更多的定製操做,須要利用ModelAdmin進行操做,如:ide
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方式一:
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display
=
(
'user'
,
'pwd'
,)
admin.site.register(models.UserInfo, UserAdmin)
# 第一個參數能夠是列表
方式二:
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
# 第一個參數能夠是列表
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display
=
(
'user'
,
'pwd'
,)
|
ModelAdmin中提供了大量的可定製功能,如ui
1. list_display,列表時,定製顯示的列。url
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6
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display
=
(
'user'
,
'pwd'
,
'xxxxx'
)
def
xxxxx(
self
, obj):
return
"xxxxx"
|
2. list_display_links,列表時,定製列能夠點擊跳轉。spa
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2
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4
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display
=
(
'user'
,
'pwd'
,
'xxxxx'
)
list_display_links
=
(
'pwd'
,)
|
3. list_filter,列表時,定製右側快速篩選。插件
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from
django.utils.translation
import
ugettext_lazy as _
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display
=
(
'user'
,
'pwd'
)
class
Ugg(admin.SimpleListFilter):
title
=
_(
'decade born'
)
parameter_name
=
'xxxxxx'
def
lookups(
self
, request, model_admin):
"""
顯示篩選選項
:param request:
:param model_admin:
:return:
"""
return
models.UserGroup.objects.values_list(
'id'
,
'title'
)
def
queryset(
self
, request, queryset):
"""
點擊查詢時,進行篩選
:param request:
:param queryset:
:return:
"""
v
=
self
.value()
return
queryset.
filter
(ug
=
v)
list_filter
=
(
'user'
,Ugg,)
|
4. list_select_related,列表時,連表查詢是否自動select_related
5. 分頁相關
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
# 分頁,每頁顯示條數
list_per_page
=
100
# 分頁,顯示所有(真實數據<該值時,纔會有顯示所有)
list_max_show_all
=
200
# 分頁插件
paginator
=
Paginator
|
6. list_editable,列表時,能夠編輯的列
1
2
3
4
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display
=
(
'user'
,
'pwd'
,
'ug'
,)
list_editable
=
(
'ug'
,)
|
7. search_fields,列表時,模糊搜索的功能
1
2
3
4
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
search_fields
=
(
'user'
,
'pwd'
)
|
8. date_hierarchy,列表時,對Date和DateTime類型進行搜索
1
2
3
4
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
date_hierarchy
=
'ctime'
|
9. preserve_filters,詳細頁面,刪除、修改,更新後跳轉回列表後,是否保留原搜索條件
10. save_as = False,詳細頁面,按鈕爲「Sava as new」 或 「Sava and add another」
11. save_as_continue = True,點擊保存並繼續編輯
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2
3
4
5
6
|
save_as_continue
=
True
# 若是 save_as=True,save_as_continue = True, 點擊Sava as new 按鈕後繼續編輯。
# 若是 save_as=True,save_as_continue = False,點擊Sava as new 按鈕後返回列表。
New
in
Django
1.10
.
|
12. save_on_top = False,詳細頁面,在頁面上方是否也顯示保存刪除等按鈕
13. inlines,詳細頁面,若是有其餘表和當前表作FK,那麼詳細頁面能夠進行動態增長和刪除
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
class
UserInfoInline(admin.StackedInline):
# TabularInline
extra
=
0
model
=
models.UserInfo
class
GroupAdminMode(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display
=
(
'id'
,
'title'
,)
inlines
=
[UserInfoInline, ]
|
14. action,列表時,定製action中的操做
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|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
# 定製Action行爲具體方法
def
func(
self
, request, queryset):
print
(
self
, request, queryset)
print
(request.POST.getlist(
'_selected_action'
))
func.short_description
=
"中文顯示自定義Actions"
actions
=
[func, ]
# Action選項都是在頁面上方顯示
actions_on_top
=
True
# Action選項都是在頁面下方顯示
actions_on_bottom
=
False
# 是否顯示選擇個數
actions_selection_counter
=
True
|
15. 定製HTML模板
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|
add_form_template
=
None
change_form_template
=
None
change_list_template
=
None
delete_confirmation_template
=
None
delete_selected_confirmation_template
=
None
object_history_template
=
None
|
16. raw_id_fields,詳細頁面,針對FK和M2M字段變成以Input框形式
1
2
3
4
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
raw_id_fields
=
(
'FK字段'
,
'M2M字段'
,)
|
17. fields,詳細頁面時,顯示字段的字段
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2
3
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
fields
=
(
'user'
,)
|
18. exclude,詳細頁面時,排除的字段
1
2
3
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
exclude
=
(
'user'
,)
|
19. readonly_fields,詳細頁面時,只讀字段
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2
3
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
readonly_fields
=
(
'user'
,)
|
20. fieldsets,詳細頁面時,使用fieldsets標籤對數據進行分割顯示
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2
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5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
fieldsets
=
(
(
'基本數據'
, {
'fields'
: (
'user'
,
'pwd'
,
'ctime'
,)
}),
(
'其餘'
, {
'classes'
: (
'collapse'
,
'wide'
,
'extrapretty'
),
# 'collapse','wide', 'extrapretty'
'fields'
: (
'user'
,
'pwd'
),
}),
)
|
21. 詳細頁面時,M2M顯示時,數據移動選擇(方向:上下和左右)
1
2
3
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
filter_vertical
=
(
"m2m字段"
,)
# 或filter_horizontal = ("m2m字段",)
|
22. ordering,列表時,數據排序規則
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2
3
4
5
6
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
ordering
=
(
'-id'
,)
或
def
get_ordering(
self
, request):
return
[
'-id'
, ]
|
23. view_on_site,編輯時,是否在頁面上顯示view on set
1
2
3
4
|
view_on_site
=
False
或
def
view_on_site(
self
, obj):
return
'https://www.baidu.com'
|
24. radio_fields,詳細頁面時,使用radio顯示選項(FK默認使用select)
1
|
radio_fields
=
{
"ug"
: admin.VERTICAL}
# 或admin.HORIZONTAL
|
25. show_full_result_count = True,列表時,模糊搜索後面顯示的數據個數樣式
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2
3
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5
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
# show_full_result_count = True # 1 result (12 total)
# show_full_result_count = False # 1 result (Show all)
search_fields
=
(
'user'
,)
|
26. formfield_overrides = {},詳細頁面時,指定現實插件
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from
django.forms
import
widgets
from
django.utils.html
import
format_html
class
MyTextarea(widgets.Widget):
def
__init__(
self
, attrs
=
None
):
# Use slightly better defaults than HTML's 20x2 box
default_attrs
=
{
'cols'
:
'40'
,
'rows'
:
'10'
}
if
attrs:
default_attrs.update(attrs)
super
(MyTextarea,
self
).__init__(default_attrs)
def
render(
self
, name, value, attrs
=
None
):
if
value
is
None
:
value
=
''
final_attrs
=
self
.build_attrs(attrs, name
=
name)
return
format_html(
'<textarea {}>\r\n{}</textarea>'
,final_attrs, value)
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
formfield_overrides
=
{
models.models.CharField: {
'widget'
: MyTextarea},
}
|
27. prepopulated_fields = {},添加頁面,當在某字段填入值後,自動會將值填充到指定字段。
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2
3
4
|
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
prepopulated_fields
=
{
"email"
: (
"user"
,
"pwd"
,)}
|
PS: DjangoAdmin中使用js實現功能,頁面email字段的值會在輸入:user、pwd時自動填充
28. form = ModelForm,用於定製用戶請求時候表單驗證
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from
app01
import
models
from
django.forms
import
ModelForm
from
django.forms
import
fields
class
MyForm(ModelForm):
others
=
fields.CharField()
class
Meta:
model
=
models
=
models.UserInfo
fields
=
"__all__"
@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
form
=
MyForm
|
29. empty_value_display = "列數據爲空時,顯示默認值"
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@admin
.register(models.UserInfo)
class
UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
empty_value_display
=
"列數據爲空時,默認顯示"
list_display
=
(
'user'
,
'pwd'
,
'up'
)
def
up(
self
,obj):
return
obj.user
up.empty_value_display
=
"指定列數據爲空時,默認顯示"
|