ARTICLE mysql |
AUTHOR 面試 |
PRICE sql |
0001 數據庫 |
B express |
3.99 微信 |
0002 網絡 |
A oracle |
10.99 ide |
0003 函數 |
C |
1.69 |
0004 |
B |
19.95 |
0005 |
A |
6.96 |
ARTICLE |
AUTHOR |
PRICE |
0002 |
A |
10.99 |
0003 |
C |
1.69 |
0004 |
B |
19.95 |
(1) group by的含義:將查詢結果按照1個或多個字段進行分組,字段值相同的爲一組
(2) group by可用於單個字段分組,也可用於多個字段分組
select * from employee;
+------+------+--------+------+------+-------------+
| num | d_id | name | age | sex | homeaddr |
+------+------+--------+------+------+-------------+
| 1 | 1001 | 張三 | 26 | 男 | beijinghdq |
| 2 | 1002 | 李四 | 24 | 女 | beijingcpq |
| 3 | 1003 | 王五 | 25 | 男 | changshaylq |
| 4 | 1004 | Aric | 15 | 男 | England |
+------+------+--------+------+------+-------------+
select * from employee group by d_id,sex;
select * from employee group by sex;
+------+------+--------+------+------+------------+
| num | d_id | name | age | sex | homeaddr
|+------+------+--------+------+------+------------+
| 2 | 1002 | 李四 | 24 | 女 | beijingcpq |
| 1 | 1001 | 張三 | 26 | 男 | beijinghdq |
+------+------+--------+------+------+------------+
根據sex字段來分組,sex字段的所有值只有兩個('男'和'女'),因此分爲了兩組 當group by單獨使用時,只顯示出每組的第一條記錄 因此group by單獨使用時的實際意義不大
group by + group_concat()
(1) group_concat(字段名)能夠做爲一個輸出字段來使用,
(2) 表示分組以後,根據分組結果,使用group_concat()來放置每一組的某字段的值的集合
select sex from employee group by sex;
+------+
| sex |
+------+
| 女 |
| 男 |
+------+
select sex,group_concat(name) from employee group by sex;
+------+--------------------+
| sex | group_concat(name) |
+------+--------------------+
| 女 | 李四 |
| 男 | 張三,王五,Aric |
+------+--------------------+
select sex,group_concat(d_id) from employee group by sex;
+------+--------------------+
| sex | group_concat(d_id) |
+------+--------------------+
| 女 | 1002 |
| 男 | 1001,1003,1004 |
+------+--------------------+
group by + 集合函數
(1) 經過group_concat()的啓發,咱們既然能夠統計出每一個分組的某字段的值的集合,那麼咱們也能夠經過集合函數來對這個"值的集合"作一些操做
select sex,group_concat(age) from employee group by sex;
+------+-------------------+
| sex | group_concat(age) |
+------+-------------------+
| 女 | 24 |
| 男 | 26,25,15 |
+------+-------------------+
分別統計性別爲男/女的人年齡平均值
select sex,avg(age) from employee group by sex;
+------+----------+
| sex | avg(age) |
+------+----------+
| 女 | 24.0000 |
| 男 | 22.0000 |
+------+----------+
分別統計性別爲男/女的人的個數
select sex,count(sex) from employee group by sex;
+------+------------+
| sex | count(sex) |
+------+------------+
| 女 | 1 |
| 男 | 3 |
+------+------------+
group by + having
(1) having 條件表達式:用來分組查詢後指定一些條件來輸出查詢結果
(2) having做用和where同樣,但having只能用於group by
select sex,count(sex) from employee group by sex having count(sex)>2;
+------+------------+
| sex | count(sex) |
+------+------------+
| 男 | 3 |
+------+------------+
group by + with rollup
(1) with rollup的做用是:在最後新增一行,來記錄當前列裏全部記錄的總和
select sex,count(age) from employee group by sex with rollup;
+------+------------+
| sex