因爲串口開發涉及到jni,因此開發環境須要支持ndk開發,若是未配置ndk配置的朋友,或者對jni不熟悉的朋友,請查看上一篇文章,android 串口開發第一篇:搭建ndk開發環境以及第一個jni調用程序 ,串口通訊和java操做io相似,先打開串口,而後向串口發送或者讀取數據,最後關閉串口,因此基本思路就是:html
1.對串口文件進行配置(波特率等),選擇串口文件,打開串口,設備不一樣 ,能夠讀寫的串口也不一樣.java
2.讀寫串口 ,讀串口須要開一個子線程,而後死循環讀取串口發送的數據android
3.關閉串口文件ios
其中打開,關閉串口是在jni方法執行,讀寫操做是android程序執行。c++
個人開發環境是android studio 2.3.3 串口開發我建立一個支持c++項目,而後在cpp目錄下,建立一個nateve-lib.cpp的程序,將串口打開,串口關閉的程序複製進去便可,native-lib程序中方法的命名規則須要根據你實際狀況,稍做修改,cpp中方法名格式爲,Java_包名_調用jni方法的類名_方法名,如Java_com_serialportdemo_SerialPort_open,此處必定要注意,android studio生成的是cpp程序,不是c程序,這兩個有一些區別的,好比:git
我對c也不熟悉,如下語法有誤請指出
*.c的語法 變量定義 jstring jstr2 = (*env) -> NewStringUTF(env, cstr); 方法定義 JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_serialportdemo_MainActivity_encode() JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_serialportdemo_MainActivity_decode() *.cpp的語法 jstring jstr2 =env->NewStringUTF(hello.c_str()); extern "C" //若是這裏不寫extern "C",程序編譯不會錯,但android沒法調用該方法,錯誤日誌是找不到該方法 JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_serialportdemo_MainActivity_encode() extern "C" JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_serialportdemo_MainActivity_decode()
串口打開,串口關閉代碼以下:github
//獲取波特率 static speed_t getBaudrate(jint baudrate) { switch(baudrate) { case 0: return B0; case 50: return B50; case 75: return B75; case 110: return B110; case 134: return B134; case 150: return B150; case 200: return B200; case 300: return B300; case 600: return B600; case 1200: return B1200; case 1800: return B1800; case 2400: return B2400; case 4800: return B4800; case 9600: return B9600; case 19200: return B19200; case 38400: return B38400; case 57600: return B57600; case 115200: return B115200; case 230400: return B230400; case 460800: return B460800; case 500000: return B500000; case 576000: return B576000; case 921600: return B921600; case 1000000: return B1000000; case 1152000: return B1152000; case 1500000: return B1500000; case 2000000: return B2000000; case 2500000: return B2500000; case 3000000: return B3000000; case 3500000: return B3500000; case 4000000: return B4000000; default: return -1; } } //打開串口程序 extern "C" JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_com_serialportdemo_SerialPort_open(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jstring path,jint baudrate) { int fd; speed_t speed; jobject mFileDescriptor; LOGD("init native Check arguments"); /* Check arguments */ { speed = getBaudrate(baudrate); if (speed == -1) { /* TODO: throw an exception */ LOGE("Invalid baudrate"); return NULL; } } LOGD("init native Opening device!"); /* Opening device */ { jboolean iscopy; const char *path_utf = env->GetStringUTFChars(path, &iscopy); LOGD("Opening serial port %s", path_utf); // fd = open(path_utf, O_RDWR | O_DIRECT | O_SYNC); fd = open(path_utf, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NONBLOCK | O_NDELAY); LOGD("open() fd = %d", fd); env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(path, path_utf); if (fd == -1) { /* Throw an exception */ LOGE("Cannot open port %d",baudrate); /* TODO: throw an exception */ return NULL; } } LOGD("init native Configure device!"); /* Configure device */ { struct termios cfg; if (tcgetattr(fd, &cfg)) { LOGE("Configure device tcgetattr() failed 1"); close(fd); return NULL; } cfmakeraw(&cfg); cfsetispeed(&cfg, speed); cfsetospeed(&cfg, speed); if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &cfg)) { LOGE("Configure device tcsetattr() failed 2"); close(fd); /* TODO: throw an exception */ return NULL; } } /* Create a corresponding file descriptor */ { jclass cFileDescriptor = env->FindClass("java/io/FileDescriptor"); jmethodID iFileDescriptor = env->GetMethodID(cFileDescriptor,"<init>", "()V"); jfieldID descriptorID = env->GetFieldID(cFileDescriptor,"descriptor", "I"); mFileDescriptor = env->NewObject(cFileDescriptor,iFileDescriptor); env->SetIntField(mFileDescriptor, descriptorID, (jint) fd); } return mFileDescriptor; } //關閉串口程序 extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_serialportdemo_SerialPort_close(JNIEnv * env, jobject thiz) { jclass SerialPortClass = env->GetObjectClass(thiz); jclass FileDescriptorClass = env->FindClass("java/io/FileDescriptor"); jfieldID mFdID = env->GetFieldID(SerialPortClass, "mFd", "Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"); jfieldID descriptorID = env->GetFieldID(FileDescriptorClass, "descriptor", "I"); jobject mFd = env->GetObjectField(thiz, mFdID); jint descriptor = env->GetIntField(mFd, descriptorID); LOGD("close(fd = %d)", descriptor); close(descriptor); return 1; }
android 方法就簡單多了,首先來看串口操做類,在這個類中打開串口,測試沒有作關閉串口的操做,jni的open方法,返回一個java.io.FileDescriptor對像,串口操做類經過該對像,獲取文件的讀寫流操做對像.app
//加載so文件 static { System.loadLibrary("native-lib"); } /** * @param path 串口文件路徑 * @param baudrate 波特率,不一樣設備波特率有區別 * */ public SerialPort(String path, int baudrate) throws SecurityException, IOException { File device = new File(path); Logger.d(serialPortMsg()); if(!device.canRead() || !device.canWrite()) { try { Process su = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("/system/bin/su"); String cmd = "chmod 777 " + device.getAbsolutePath() + "\n" + "exit\n"; su.getOutputStream().write(cmd.getBytes()); if ((su.waitFor() != 0) || !device.canRead() || !device.canWrite()) { throw new SecurityException(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.getMessage(); } } mFd = open(device.getAbsolutePath(), baudrate); Logger.d(TAG+"open commplete"); if (mFd == null) { Logger.e(TAG, "native open returns null"); throw new IOException(); } mFileInputStream = new FileInputStream(mFd); mFileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(mFd); }
//定義本地方法
public native FileDescriptor open(String path, int baudrate);
public native void close();
接下來須要定義一個讀取串口信息的線程,用於獲取串口發送給android的信息ide
class ReadSerialPortMsgThread implements Runnable{ @Override public void run() { int size; byte buff[] = new byte[1024]; final SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss"); while (true){ try { if(mInputStream==null){ return; } size = mInputStream.read(buff); if(size<=0){ continue; } final String message = new String(buff,0,size); Logger.d(TAG+"接收到串口回調 "+message); seriapPortMsg.append(message); if(buff[size - 1] == '\n'){ log.post(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { log.setText(sdf.format(new Date())+"接收到串口發送的指令 "+message); } }); } }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally { try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
以上代碼完成了對串口的讀操做,串口寫操做比較簡單,就是獲得串口的OutputStream,而後調用writer方法便可,代碼以下:post
@Override public void onClick(View view) { switch (view.getId()){ case R.id.sendMsg: String msg = serMsg.getText().toString()+"\r\n"; if(msg!=null&&!msg.equals("")){ byte [] buff = msg.getBytes(); try { mOutputStream.write(buff,0,buff.length); Logger.d(TAG+"msg 輸出完成"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); Logger.e(TAG+e.getMessage()); } } } }
到此爲止,讀寫操做的代碼所有完成,個人測試串口設備一直在向android發送信息,以下圖
String SERIALPORT_NO3 = "/dev/ttyS3",int BAUDRATE=115200; 這是我設備定義的串口文件路徑和波特率,這個信息位置須要根據實際狀況做修改。