Java 線程池記錄

時間 2019-12-11

標籤 java 線程記錄欄目 Java 简体版

原文原文鏈接

Java經過Executors提供四種線程池，分別爲：
newCachedThreadPool建立一個可緩存線程池，若是線程池長度超過處理須要，可靈活回收空閒線程，若無可回收，則新建線程。
newFixedThreadPool 建立一個定長線程池，可控制線程最大併發數，超出的線程會在隊列中等待。
newScheduledThreadPool 建立一個定長線程池，支持定時及週期性任務執行。
newSingleThreadExecutor 建立一個單線程化的線程池，它只會用惟一的工做線程來執行任務，保證全部任務按照指定順序(FIFO, LIFO, 優先級)執行。java

(1) newCachedThreadPool
建立一個可緩存線程池，若是線程池長度超過處理須要，可靈活回收空閒線程，若無可回收，則新建線程。示例代碼以下：數據庫

    package test;  
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
    public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {  
     public static void main(String[] args) {  
      ExecutorService cachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();  
      for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {  
       final int index = i;  
       try {  
        Thread.sleep(index * 1000);  
       } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
        e.printStackTrace();  
       }  
       cachedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {  
        public void run() {  
         System.out.println(index);  
        }  
       });  
      }  
     }  
    }

線程池爲無限大，當執行第二個任務時第一個任務已經完成，會複用執行第一個任務的線程，而不用每次新建線程。緩存

(2) newFixedThreadPool併發

建立一個定長線程池，可控制線程最大併發數，超出的線程會在隊列中等待。示例代碼以下：ide

    package test;  
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
    public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {  
     public static void main(String[] args) {  
      ExecutorService fixedThreadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);  
      for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {  
       final int index = i;  
       fixedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {  
        public void run() {  
         try {  
          System.out.println(index);  
          Thread.sleep(2000);  
         } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
          e.printStackTrace();  
         }  
        }  
       });  
      }  
     }  
    }

由於線程池大小爲3，每一個任務輸出index後sleep 2秒，因此每兩秒打印3個數字。
定長線程池的大小最好根據系統資源進行設置。如Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()spa

修改代碼：線程

 package test;  
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
    public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {  
     public static void main(String[] args) {  
      ExecutorService fixedThreadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors());  
      for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {  
           fixedThreadPool.execute(new ThreadTest(i));

        } 
    }
}

線程類：code

package test;

public class ThreadTest implements Runnable{
   public int index;
   public ThreadTest(int i){
    index=i;
    }
    @override
    public void run(){
     System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"正在執行："+index);
     try{
          Thread.sleep(2000);   
      }catch (InterruptedException e){
        e.printStackTrace();
      }    
    }
}

(3) newScheduledThreadPool
建立一個定長線程池，支持定時及週期性任務執行。延遲執行示例代碼以下：blog

    package test;  
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
    import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;  
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  
    public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {  
     public static void main(String[] args) {  
      ScheduledExecutorService scheduledThreadPool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(5);  
      scheduledThreadPool.schedule(new Runnable() {  
       public void run() {  
        System.out.println("delay 3 seconds");  
       }  
      }, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  
     }  
    }

表示延遲3秒執行。隊列

按期執行示例代碼以下：

    package test;  
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
    import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;  
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  
    public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {  
     public static void main(String[] args) {  
      ScheduledExecutorService scheduledThreadPool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(5);  
      scheduledThreadPool.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable() {  
       public void run() {  
        System.out.println("delay 1 seconds, and excute every 3 seconds");  
       }  
      }, 1, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  
     }  
    }

(4) newSingleThreadExecutor
建立一個單線程化的線程池，它只會用惟一的工做線程來執行任務，保證全部任務按照指定順序(FIFO, LIFO, 優先級)執行。示例代碼以下：

    package test;  
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
    public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {  
     public static void main(String[] args) {  
      ExecutorService singleThreadExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();  
      for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {  
       final int index = i;  
       singleThreadExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {  
        public void run() {  
         try {  
          System.out.println(index);  
          Thread.sleep(2000);  
         } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
          e.printStackTrace();  
         }  
        }  
       });  
      }  
     }  
    }