在openstack上建立第一個虛擬機
1、建立虛擬網絡
第一次建立虛擬機，使用命令行來建立
node
在控制節點上，加載 admin 憑證來獲取管理員能執行的命令訪問權限linux
[root@linux-node1 ~]# source admin-openstack.sh
建立提供者網絡shell
[root@linux-node1 ~]# neutron net-create --shared --provider:physical_network public --provider:network_type flat public-net Created a new network: +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | True | | availability_zone_hints | | | availability_zones | | | created_at | 2016-11-09T17:03:20 | | description | | | id | 2cbfb54c-b760-41e1-ba69-83131220463b | | ipv4_address_scope | | | ipv6_address_scope | | | mtu | 1500 | | name | public-net | | port_security_enabled | True | | provider:network_type | flat | | provider:physical_network | public | | provider:segmentation_id | | | router:external | False | | shared | True | | status | ACTIVE | | subnets | | | tags | | | tenant_id | 53f72af1420a4d098d48f2c82d7e9ec7 | | updated_at | 2016-11-09T17:03:20 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ #參數解釋 #--provider:physical_network網絡類型選項，在配置文件中設置的爲public，public映射的是eth0端口 #--provider:network_type 提供者的網絡類型flat #public-net是提供者網絡的名稱，按照本身的意願定義
查看已經建立的網絡安全
[root@linux-node1 ~]# neutron net-list +--------------------------------------+------------+---------+ | id | name | subnets | +--------------------------------------+------------+---------+ | 2cbfb54c-b760-41e1-ba69-83131220463b | public-net | | +--------------------------------------+------------+---------+
建立子網網絡
[root@linux-node1 ~]# neutron subnet-create --name public-subnet --allocation-pool start=192.168.56.100,end=192.168.56.200 --dns-nameserver 223.5.5.5 --gateway 192.168.56.2 public-net 192.168.56.0/24
Created a new subnet:
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools | {"start": "192.168.56.100", "end": "192.168.56.200"} |
| cidr | 192.168.56.0/24 |
| created_at | 2016-11-10T02:56:27 |
| description | |
| dns_nameservers | 223.5.5.5 |
| enable_dhcp | True |
| gateway_ip | 192.168.56.2 |
| host_routes | |
| id | 6e217cbe-3201-4b47-8765-84ba932afa93 |
| ip_version | 4 |
| ipv6_address_mode | |
| ipv6_ra_mode | |
| name | public-subnet |
| network_id | 2cbfb54c-b760-41e1-ba69-83131220463b |
| subnetpool_id | |
| tenant_id | 53f72af1420a4d098d48f2c82d7e9ec7 |
| updated_at | 2016-11-10T02:56:27 |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
查看建立的子網ssh
[root@linux-node1 ~]# neutron subnet-list
+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | cidr | allocation_pools |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| 6e217cbe-3201-4b47-8765-84ba932afa93 | public-subnet | 192.168.56.0/24 | {"start": "192.168.56.100", "end": "192.168.56.200"} |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+
再次執行neutron net-list，能夠看到建立的網絡與子網已經關聯在一塊兒tcp
[root@linux-node1 ~]# neutron net-list +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | id | name | subnets | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | 2cbfb54c-b760-41e1-ba69-83131220463b | public-net | 6e217cbe-3201-4b47-8765-84ba932afa93 192.168.56.0/24 | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------+
2、建立m1.nano規格的主機
一、建立一個nano規格的主機
默認的最小規格的主機須要512 MB內存。對於環境中計算節點內存不足4 GB的，咱們推薦建立只須要64 MB的m1.nano規格的主機。若單純爲了測試的目的，請使用m1.nano規格的主機來加載CirrOS鏡像ide
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack flavor create --id 0 --vcpus 1 --ram 64 --disk 1 m1.nano +----------------------------+---------+ | Field | Value | +----------------------------+---------+ | OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled | False | | OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral | 0 | | disk | 1 | | id | 0 | | name | m1.nano | | os-flavor-access:is_public | True | | ram | 64 | | rxtx_factor | 1.0 | | swap | | | vcpus | 1 | +----------------------------+---------+ #--id，主機類型的ID #--vcpus，建立主機的cpu的數量 #--ram，內存，默認單位爲M #--disk，硬盤，默認單位爲G
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack flavor list +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | 0 | m1.nano | 64 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True | | 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True | | 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1 | True | | 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | 2 | True | | 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | 4 | True | | 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | 8 | True | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ #ID爲0的是剛纔建立的，生產環境中能夠依據本身的須要進行建立
二、生成一個鍵值對
（1）導入demo用戶的環境變量
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat demo-openstack.sh export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo export OS_USERNAME=demo export OS_PASSWORD=DEMO_PASS export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
[root@linux-node1 ~]# source demo-openstack.sh
生成密鑰對oop
[root@linux-node1 ~]# ssh-keygen -q -N "" Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
在openstack上建立密鑰對測試
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | fingerprint | 76:e0:a8:ff:ec:20:43:40:5d:42:0a:f1:90:1f:78:38 | | name | mykey | | user_id | 6762a6adffd140b1906bbe69dbf42518 | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
驗證密鑰對是否建立成功
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack keypair list +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Name | Fingerprint | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | mykey | 76:e0:a8:ff:ec:20:43:40:5d:42:0a:f1:90:1f:78:38 | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+
三、增長安全組規則
默認狀況下， default安全組適用於全部實例而且包括拒絕遠程訪問實例的防火牆規則。對諸如CirrOS這樣的Linux鏡像，至少容許ICMP (ping) 和安全shell(SSH)規則。
添加規則到default安全組
容許icmp [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack security group rule create --proto icmp default +-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ | id | ca56bc9b-5f12-43ea-b72f-4638cfb55094 | | ip_protocol | icmp | | ip_range | 0.0.0.0/0 | | parent_group_id | a6670191-a77f-44f1-86b1-a617a5c7547d | | port_range | | | remote_security_group | | +-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
容許ssh鏈接 [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack security group rule create --proto tcp --dst-port 22 default +-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ | id | 5457a51f-a177-4db3-bac5-5b8d1cfb939d | | ip_protocol | tcp | | ip_range | 0.0.0.0/0 | | parent_group_id | a6670191-a77f-44f1-86b1-a617a5c7547d | | port_range | 22:22 | | remote_security_group | | +-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
四、建立實例
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack server create --flavor m1.nano --p_w_picpath cirros --nic net-id=2cbfb54c-b760-41e1-ba69-83131220463b --security-group default --key-name mykey provider-instance
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| addresses | |
| adminPass | Q9KXwLniQpoM |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2016-11-10T06:13:27Z |
| flavor | m1.nano (0) |
| hostId | |
| id | 0006405c-db45-42b4-a65a-d4a2041e2e88 |
| p_w_picpath | cirros (29d99654-ba91-4d04-8808-e1b8d16861fb) |
| key_name | mykey |
| name | provider-instance |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| project_id | 81e76ab533b14b448b1c6394bc5e4d86 |
| properties | |
| security_groups | [{u'name': u'default'}] |
| status | BUILD |
| updated | 2016-11-10T06:13:28Z |
| user_id | 6762a6adffd140b1906bbe69dbf42518 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
#--nic 這裏使用網絡的ID
查看已建立的主機
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack server list +--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | +--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------------+ | 0006405c-db45-42b4-a65a-d4a2041e2e88 | provider-instance | ACTIVE | public-net=192.168.56.101 | +--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------------+
五、鏈接虛擬機
默認的用戶名是cirros，密碼是cubswin:)
[root@linux-node2 ~]# ssh cirros@192.168.56.101 cirros@192.168.56.101's password: $ sudo su - # ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FA:16:3E:C5:10:81 inet addr:192.168.56.101 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::f816:3eff:fec5:1081/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:133 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:146 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:16003 (15.6 KiB) TX bytes:15456 (15.0 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
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