生產環境實踐：redis高可用架設
通過測試，當主redis停掉的時候，能夠5秒鐘內切換到從redis，反之切換到主，也是同樣的時間。html
在A服務器(192.168.16.29),B服務器(192.168.16.2)上均安裝redis,keepalived。node
A做爲默認的master,B做爲slave(在redis的配置文件中加上 SLAVEOF 192.168.16.29 6379)便可。c++
A,B上的Redis均開啓本地化策略，appendonly yes。redis
Master 192.168.16.29vim
Slave 192.168.16.2bash
Vip 192.168.16.3服務器
Master redis 端口：6379架構
Slave redis 端口：6379app
安裝程序包：less
#yum -y install gcc gcc+ gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel
安裝keepalived
Master 192.168.16.29部署
keepalived安裝部署就不作詳細說明了，在架構那塊會作詳細說明。
#wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.23.tar.gz #tar xf keepalived-1.2.23.tar.gz #cd keepalived-1.2.23 #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived #make && make install #cp keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived.sysconfig /etc/sysconfig/keepalived #cp keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived.rh.init /etc/init.d/keepalived #chmod a+x /etc/init.d/keepalived #ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/keepalived #chkconfig --add keepalived #cp -a keepalived/etc/keepalived/ /etc/ #mkdir /usr/local/Script/ -p #mkdir /usr/local/logs/ -p
keepalived配置
#vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
hq@xxx.com
}
notification_email_from hq@xxx.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id redis1.xxx.com
}
vrrp_script chk_redis {
script "/usr/local/Script/redis_check.sh"
interval 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 112
priority 101
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_redis
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.16.3 dev eth0
}
notify_master /usr/local/Script/redis_master.sh
notify_backup /usr/local/Script/redis_backup.sh
notify_fault /usr/local/Script/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /usr/local/Script/redis_stop.sh
}
編寫如下負責運做的關鍵腳本：
notify_master /usr/local/Script/redis_master.sh notify_backup /usr/local/Script/redis_backup.sh notify_fault /usr/local/Script/redis_fault.sh notify_stop /usr/local/Script/redis_stop.sh
由於keepalived在轉換狀態時會依照狀態來呼叫：
當進入Master狀態時會呼叫notify_master
當Backup狀態時會呼叫notify_backup
當發現異常狀況時進入Fault狀態呼叫notify_fault
當keepalived程序終止時呼叫notify_stop。
Slave 192.168.16.2 keepalived部署
從節點安裝方法同樣
#wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.23.tar.gz
#tar xf keepalived-1.2.23.tar.gz
#cd keepalived-1.2.23
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
#make && make install
#cp keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived.sysconfig /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
#cp keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived.rh.init /etc/init.d/keepalived
#chmod a+x /etc/init.d/keepalived
#ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/keepalived
#chkconfig --add keepalived
#cp -a keepalived/etc/keepalived/ /etc/
#mkdir /usr/local/Script/ -p
#mkdir /usr/local/logs/ -p
keepalived配置
#vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
hq@xxx.com
}
notification_email_from hq@xxx.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id redis2.xxx.com
}
vrrp_script chk_redis {
script "/usr/local/Script/redis_check.sh"
interval 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 112
priority 99
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_redis ##執行上面定義的chk_redis
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.16.3 dev eth0
}
notify_master /usr/local/Script/redis_master.sh
notify_backup /usr/local/Script/redis_backup.sh
notify_fault /usr/local/Script/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /usr/local/Script/redis_stop.sh
}
Master 192.168.16.29 腳本編寫
##成爲master
#vim /usr/local/Script/redis_master.sh #!/bin/bash REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/src/redis-cli" LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI -a 123456 SLAVEOF 192.168.16.2 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 5 ##延遲5秒之後待數據同步完成後再取消同步狀態 echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI -p 6379 -a 123456 SLAVEOF NO ONE $REDISCLI -p 6379 -a 123456 SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
#成爲backup
#vim /usr/local/Script/redis_backup.sh #!/bin/bash REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/src/redis-cli" LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 5 #延遲5秒待數據被對方同步完成以後再切換主從角色 echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI -a 123456 SLAVEOF 192.168.16.2 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 #監控腳本 exit 1 時 #vim /usr/local/Script/redis_fault.sh #!/bin/bash LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE sh /usr/local/Script/redis_backup.sh #keepalived 服務中止時 #vim /usr/local/Script/redis_stop.sh #!/bin/bash LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE #監控腳本的路徑 #vim /usr/local/Script/redis_check.sh #!/bin/bash ALIVE=`/usr/local/redis/src/redis-cli -p 6379 -a 123456 PING` LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" if [ "$ALIVE" == "PONG" ]; then echo $ALIVE #echo "check master pong" >> $LOGFILE exit 0 else echo $ALIVE exit 1 fi
給腳本授予權限
chmod a+x /usr/local/Script/*
Slave 192.168.16.2 腳本
#成爲master #vim /usr/local/Script/redis_master.sh #!/bin/bash REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/src/redis-cli" LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI -p 6379 -a 123456 SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 #成爲backup #vim /usr/local/Script/redis_backup.sh #!/bin/bash REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/src/redis-cli" LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 #sleep 10 echo "backup Run SLAVEOF 192.168.16.29 cmd..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI -a 123456 SLAVEOF 192.168.16.29 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 #監控腳本 exit 1 時 #vim /usr/local/Script/redis_fault.sh #!/bin/bash LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE sh /usr/local/Script/redis_slave.sh #keepalived 服務中止時 #vim /usr/local/Script/redis_stop.sh #!/bin/bash LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE
#監控腳本的路徑
#vim /usr/local/Script/redis_check.sh #!/bin/bash ALIVE=`/usr/local/redis/src/redis-cli -a 123456 -h 192.168.16.29 -p 6379 PING` LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" if [ "$ALIVE" != "PONG" ]; then echo $ALIVE exit 0 else echo $ALIVE exit 1 fi
數據同步腳本
#vim /usr/local/Script/redis_slave.sh #!/bin/bash REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/src/redis-cli" LOGFILE="/usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[slave]" >> $LOGFILE echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 5 date >> $LOGFILE echo "slave Run SLAVEOF 192.168.16.3 cmd..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI -a 123456 SLAVEOF 192.168.16.29 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 給腳本授予權限 chmod a+x /usr/local/Script/*
192.168.16.29 redis部署
# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.6.tar.gz
# tar xzf redis-3.0.6.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
# cd /usr/local
# mv redis-3.0.6 redis
# cd redis
# make
新建redis目錄
#mkdir /usr/local/redis/logs
#mkdir /usr/local/redis/etc
#mkdir /usr/local/redis/data
#mkdir /var/run/redis/ -p
redis配置
#vim /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf
daemonize yes
pidfile /var/run/redis/redis.pid
port 6379
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 0
loglevel notice
logfile "/usr/local/logs/redis.log"
databases 16
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
dir /usr/local/redis/data
slave-serve-stale-data yes
slave-read-only yes
repl-diskless-sync no
repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
slave-priority 100
requirepass 123456
appendonly yes
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appendfsync everysec
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
aof-load-truncated yes
lua-time-limit 5000
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
slowlog-max-len 128
latency-monitor-threshold 0
notify-keyspace-events ""
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
list-max-ziplist-entries 512
list-max-ziplist-value 64
set-max-intset-entries 512
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
activerehashing yes
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
hz 10
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
redis啓動腳本
#!/bin/bash
#description:simple example service
RETVAL=0
REDIS_COMMOND=/usr/local/redis/src/redis-server
REDIS_CONFIG_FILE=/usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf
REDIS_PID=/var/run/redis/redis.pid
REDIS_XINXI=`ps -ef | grep redis | grep -v grep |wc -l`
start(){
$REDIS_COMMOND $REDIS_CONFIG_FILE
if [ $REDIS_XINXI -gt 1 ];then
echo "redis Start-up success!"
else
echo "redis Start-up failure!"
fi
}
stop(){
/bin/kill -s QUIT `cat $REDIS_PID`
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "redis Stop success!"
fi
}
reload(){
/bin/kill -s HUP `cat $REDIS_PID`
REDIS_XINXI_RELOAD=`ps -ef | grep redis| grep -v grep |wc -l`
if [ $REDIS_XINXI_RELOAD -gt 1 ];then
echo "redis reload success!"
else
exit 0
fi
}
case $1 in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
*)
echo "error choice ! please input start|stop|reload";;
esac
exit $RETVA
授予執行權限
#chmod a+x /etc/init.d/redisd
啓動redis 主服務器
#chmod a+x /etc/init.d/redisd
192.168.16.2 redis部署
# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.6.tar.gz
# tar xzf redis-3.0.6.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
# cd /usr/local
# mv redis-3.0.6 redis
# cd redis
# make
新建redis目錄
#mkdir /usr/local/redis/logs
#mkdir /usr/local/redis/etc
#mkdir /usr/local/redis/data
#mkdir /var/run/redis/ -p
複製代碼
redis配置
##vim /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf
daemonize yes
pidfile /var/run/redis/redis.pid
port 6379
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 0
loglevel notice
logfile "/usr/local/logs/redis.log"
databases 16
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
dir /usr/local/redis/data/
slave-serve-stale-data yes
slave-read-only yes
repl-diskless-sync no
repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
slave-priority 100
masterauth 123456
requirepass 123456
appendonly yes
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appendfsync everysec
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
aof-load-truncated yes
lua-time-limit 5000
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
slowlog-max-len 128
latency-monitor-threshold 0
notify-keyspace-events ""
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
list-max-ziplist-entries 512
list-max-ziplist-value 64
set-max-intset-entries 512
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
activerehashing yes
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
hz 10
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
slaveof 192.168.16.29 6379
redis啓動腳本
#!/bin/bash
#description:simple example service
RETVAL=0
REDIS_COMMOND=/usr/local/redis/src/redis-server
REDIS_CONFIG_FILE=/usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf
REDIS_PID=/var/run/redis/redis.pid
REDIS_XINXI=`ps -ef | grep redis | grep -v grep |wc -l`
start(){
$REDIS_COMMOND $REDIS_CONFIG_FILE
if [ $REDIS_XINXI -gt 1 ];then
echo "redis Start-up success!"
else
echo "redis Start-up failure!"
fi
}
stop(){
/bin/kill -s QUIT `cat $REDIS_PID`
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "redis Stop success!"
fi
}
reload(){
/bin/kill -s HUP `cat $REDIS_PID`
REDIS_XINXI_RELOAD=`ps -ef | grep redis| grep -v grep |wc -l`
if [ $REDIS_XINXI_RELOAD -gt 1 ];then
echo "redis reload success!"
else
exit 0
fi
}
case $1 in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
*)
echo "error choice ! please input start|stop|reload";;
esac
exit $RETVA
授予執行權限
#chmod a+x /etc/init.d/redisd
啓動redis 主服務器
#chmod a+x /etc/init.d/redisd
作好以上事情，接下來咱們能夠啓動keepalived了
在Master 192.168.16.29啓動keepalived #/etc/init.d/keepalived start 在Slave 192.168.16.2啓動keepalived #/etc/init.d/keepalived start
故障轉移測試
在Master 192.168.16.29輸入ip a查看虛擬IP爲192.168.2.3
[root@localhost ~]# ip a 1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:84:40:c4 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.16.29/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global eth0 inet 192.168.16.3/32 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe84:40c4/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 關閉redis主服務器（192.168.16.29） [root@localhost keepalived-1.2.23]# /etc/init.d/redisd stop redis Stop success! [root@localhost keepalived-1.2.23]# ip a 1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:84:40:c4 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.16.29/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe84:40c4/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@localhost keepalived-1.2.23]# keepalived檢測到redis異常，把主身份切換到從（192.168.16.2） Redis Master 192.168.16.29日誌 [root@localhost ~]# tail -f /usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log [fault] 2016年 10月 19日 星期三 14:40:39 CST [backup] 2016年 10月 19日 星期三 14:40:39 CST Being slave.... Run SLAVEOF cmd... Could not connect to Redis at 127.0.0.1:6379: Connection refused Redis Slave 192.168.16.2日誌 [root@localhost Script]# tail -f /usr/local/logs/keepalived-redis-state.log [backup] 2016年 10月 19日 星期三 14:43:24 CST Being slave.... backup Run SLAVEOF 192.168.16.29 cmd... OK Already connected to specified master [master] 2016年 10月 19日 星期三 14:43:28 CST Being master.... Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ... OK 能夠看出Slave已經接管了Master角色 在Slave 192.168.16.2輸入ip a查看虛擬IP [root@localhost keepalived-1.2.23]# ip a 1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:aa:43:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.16.2/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global eth1 inet 192.168.16.3/32 scope global eth1 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feaa:4358/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 在Master 192.168.16.29啓動redis，16.29已經恢復了Master的角色 [root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/redisd start redis Start-up success! [root@localhost ~]# ip a 1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:84:40:c4 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.16.29/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global eth0 inet 192.168.16.3/32 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe84:40c4/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
-----------------------------------
## 企業級Docker+Jenkins+Gitlab自動化構建實踐
http://edu.51cto.com/course/14600.html
有須要教程的各位能夠關注公衆號
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