SQL Server自動化運維繫列——監控性能指標腳本（Power Shell）

需求描述

通常在生產環境中，有時候須要自動的檢測指標值狀態，若是發生異常，須要提早預警的，好比發郵件告知，本篇就介紹若是經過Power shell實現狀態值監控

監控值範圍

根據經驗，做爲DBA通常須要監控以下系統能行指標

　　cpu：
 
　　　　\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time
　　　　\Processor(_Total)\% Privileged Time
 
　　　　\SQLServer:SQL Statistics\Batch Requests/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:SQL Statistics\SQL Compilations/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:SQL Statistics\SQL Re-Compilations/sec
　　　　\System\Processor Queue Length
　　　　\System\Context Switches/sec
 
　　Memory:
 
　　　　\Memory\Available Bytes
　　　　\Memory\Pages/sec
　　　　\Memory\Page Faults/sec
　　　　\Memory\Pages Input/sec
　　　　\Memory\Pages Output/sec
　　　　\Process(sqlservr)\Private Bytes
　　　　\SQLServer:Buffer Manager\Buffer cache hit ratio
　　　　\SQLServer:Buffer Manager\Page life expectancy
　　　　\SQLServer:Buffer Manager\Lazy writes/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:Memory Manager\Memory Grants Pending
　　　　\SQLServer:Memory Manager\Target Server Memory (KB)
　　　　\SQLServer:Memory Manager\Total Server Memory (KB)
 
　　Disk:
 
　　　　\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\% Disk Time
　　　　\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Current Disk Queue Length
　　　　\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Avg. Disk Queue Length
　　　　\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Disk Transfers/sec
　　　　\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Disk Bytes/sec
　　　　\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Avg. Disk sec/Read
　　　　\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Avg. Disk sec/Write
 
　　SQL Server:
 
　　　　\SQLServer:Access Methods\FreeSpace Scans/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:Access Methods\Full Scans/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:Access Methods\Table Lock Escalations/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:Access Methods\Worktables Created/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:General Statistics\Processes blocked
　　　　\SQLServer:General Statistics\User Connections
　　　　\SQLServer:Latches\Total Latch Wait Time (ms)
　　　　\SQLServer:Locks(_Total)\Lock Timeouts (timeout > 0)/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:Locks(_Total)\Lock Wait Time (ms)
　　　　\SQLServer:Locks(_Total)\Number of Deadlocks/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:SQL Statistics\Batch Requests/sec
　　　　\SQLServer:SQL Statistics\SQL Re-Compilations/sec

上述指標含義，能夠參照我上一篇文章：SQL Server須要監控哪些計數器 

監控腳本

$server = "(local)"
$uid = "sa"
$db="master"
$pwd="password"
$mailprfname = "SendEmail"
$recipients = "787449667@qq.com"
$subject = "數據庫指標異常了！"
$computernamexml = "f:\computername.xml"
$alter_cpuxml = "f:\alter_cpu.xml"
function GetServerName($xmlpath)
{
    $xml = [xml] (Get-Content $xmlpath)
    $return = New-Object Collections.Generic.List[string]
    for($i = 0;$i -lt $xml.computernames.ChildNodes.Count;$i++)
    {
        if ( $xml.computernames.ChildNodes.Count -eq 1)
        {
            $cp = [string]$xml.computernames.computername
        }
        else
        {
            $cp = [string]$xml.computernames.computername[$i]
        }
        $return.Add($cp.Trim())
    }
    $return
}

function GetAlterCounter($xmlpath)
{
    $xml = [xml] (Get-Content $xmlpath)
    $return = New-Object Collections.Generic.List[string]
    $list = $xml.counters.Counter
    $list
}

function CreateAlter($message)
{
    $SqlConnection = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection 
    $CnnString ="Server = $server; Database = $db;User Id = $uid; Password = $pwd" 
    $SqlConnection.ConnectionString = $CnnString 
    $CC = $SqlConnection.CreateCommand(); 
    if (-not ($SqlConnection.State -like "Open")) { $SqlConnection.Open() } 
    
    $cc.CommandText=" EXEC msdb..sp_send_dbmail 
             @profile_name  = '$mailprfname'
            ,@recipients = '$recipients'
            ,@body = '$message'
            ,@subject = '$subject'
" 
    $cc.ExecuteNonQuery()|out-null 
    $SqlConnection.Close();
}

$names = GetServerName($computernamexml)
$pfcounters = GetAlterCounter($alter_cpuxml)
foreach($cp in $names)
{
    $p = New-Object Collections.Generic.List[string]
    $report = ""
    foreach ($pfc in $pfcounters)
    {
        $b = ""
        $counter ="\\"+$cp+$pfc.get_InnerText().Trim()
        $p.Add($counter)
        
    }
    $count = Get-Counter $p
    for ($i = 0; $i -lt $count.CounterSamples.Count; $i++)
    {
        $v = $count.CounterSamples.Get($i).CookedValue
        $pfc = $pfcounters[$i]
        #$pfc.get_InnerText()
        $b = ""
        $lg = ""
        if($pfc.operator -eq "lt")
        {
            if ($v -ge [double]$pfc.alter)
                {$b = "alter"
                $lg = "Greater Than"}
        }
        elseif ($pfc.operator -eq "gt")
        {
            if( $v -le [double]$pfc.alter)
                {$b = "alter"
                $lg = "Less Than"}
        }
        if($b -eq "alter")
        {
            $path = "\\"+$cp+$pfc.get_InnerText()
            
            $item = "{0}:{1};{2} Threshold:{3}" -f $path,$v.ToString(),$lg,$pfc.alter.Trim()
            $report += $item + "`n"
        }
        
    }
    if($report -ne "")
    {
        #生產警告 參數 計數器，閥值，當前值
        CreateAlter $report
    }
}

其中涉及到2個配置文件：computernamexml,alter_cpuxml分別以下：

<computernames>
        <computername>
                wuxuelei-pc
        </computername>
</computernames>

<Counters>
        <Counter alter = "10" operator = "gt" >\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time</Counter>
        <Counter alter = "10" operator = "gt" >\Processor(_Total)\% Privileged Time</Counter>
        <Counter alter = "10" operator = "gt" >\SQLServer:SQL Statistics\Batch Requests/sec</Counter>
        <Counter alter = "10" operator = "gt" >\SQLServer:SQL Statistics\SQL Compilations/sec</Counter>
        <Counter alter = "10" operator = "gt" >\SQLServer:SQL Statistics\SQL Re-Compilations/sec</Counter>
        <Counter alter = "10" operator=  "lt" >\System\Processor Queue Length</Counter>
        <Counter alter = "10" operator=  "lt" >\System\Context Switches/sec</Counter>
</Counters>

其中 alter 就是閥值，如第一條，若是 閥值 > 性能計數器值，就會發出警告。

其實這種自定義配置的方式，實現了靈活多變的自動化監控標準：

一、好比能夠檢測磁盤空間大小

二、檢測運行峯值狀態

三、定時的根據歷史運行值，更改生產系統中的閥值大小，也就是所謂的運行基線

警告實現方式

一、SQL Agent配置Job方式實現

二、計劃任務

以上兩種配置方式，能夠靈活掌握，操做仍是蠻簡單的,若是不會，可自行google。固然，若是不想幹預正常的生產系統，能夠添加一個Server專門用來自動化運維檢測來用，實現遠程監控。

後續文章中會分析關於Power Shell的遠程調用，而且能實現事故當前狀態下，自動化截圖....自動Send Email......爲DBA現場取證第一手材料...方便診斷問題...

效果圖以下

 

以上只提供實現方式，如須要內容更新，本身靈活更新。

腳本下載地址http://files.cnblogs.com/zhijianliutang/DBALter.zip