Paho - MQTT C Cient的實現

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  在前幾天,我大體瞭解了一下Paho C項目,並對其的一些內容進行了翻譯。俗話說,光說不練假把戲,今天就給你們講一下使用Paho的客戶端庫文件實現MQTT C Client的過程。html

安裝

  本文是在Linux下安裝的,推薦直接進行克隆並安裝便可。git

git clone https://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.c.git
cd paho.mqtt.c
make
sudo make install

  在make完以後,在paho.mqtt.c/build/output下能夠找到以下的輸出文件:github

輸出的文件

  而make install則是將生成的庫文件移動到系統路徑之下。在MQTT Client library for C這個翻譯的文章中,Paho給出的建立一個客戶端有以下相似的步驟:windows

  1.建立一個客戶端對象;
  2.設置鏈接MQTT服務器的選項;
  3.若是多線程(異步模式)操做被使用則設置回調函數(詳見 Asynchronous >vs synchronous client applications);
  4.訂閱客戶端須要接收的任意話題;
  5.重複如下操做直到結束:
    a.發佈客戶端須要的任意信息;
    b.處理全部接收到的信息;
  6.斷開客戶端鏈接;
  7.釋放客戶端使用的全部內存。服務器

  爲了簡單起見,咱們使用Paho自帶的示例程序。打開paho.mqtt.c/src/samples下的MQTTClient_publish .c文件。將如下的代碼更改:session

#define ADDRESS "tcp://m2m.eclipse.org:1883"
#define CLIENTID "ExampleClientPub"
#define TOPIC "MQTT Examples"
#define PAYLOAD "Hello World!"多線程

  若是你的MQTT服務器不容許匿名訪問,則還須要添加姓名和密碼:app

char *username= "test_user"; //添加的用戶名
  char *password = "aaa777"; //添加的密碼

  並將用戶名和密碼寫入鏈接選項中:eclipse

conn_opts.username = username; //將用戶名寫入鏈接選項中
    conn_opts.password = password; //將密碼寫入鏈接選項中

  添加的代碼具體位置詳細查看代碼,更改後的代碼以下所示:

/*******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2012, 2017 IBM Corp.
 *
 * All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
 * are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
 * and Eclipse Distribution License v1.0 which accompany this distribution. 
 *
 * The Eclipse Public License is available at 
 *   http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
 * and the Eclipse Distribution License is available at 
 *   http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php.
 *
 * Contributors:
 *    Ian Craggs - initial contribution
 *******************************************************************************/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "MQTTClient.h"
#if !defined(WIN32)
#include <unistd.h>
#else
#include <windows.h>
#endif

#define ADDRESS     "tcp://localhost:1883" //更改此處地址
#define CLIENTID    "aaabbbccc" //更改此處客戶端ID
#define TOPIC       "topic01"  //更改發送的話題
#define PAYLOAD     "Hello Man, Can you see me ?!" //更改信息內容
#define QOS         1
#define TIMEOUT     10000L

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    //聲明一個MQTTClient
    MQTTClient client;
    char *username= "test_user"; //添加的用戶名
    char *password = "aaa777"; //添加的密碼
    //初始化MQTT Client選項
    MQTTClient_connectOptions conn_opts = MQTTClient_connectOptions_initializer;
    //#define MQTTClient_message_initializer { {'M', 'Q', 'T', 'M'}, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
    MQTTClient_message pubmsg = MQTTClient_message_initializer;
    //聲明消息token
    MQTTClient_deliveryToken token;
    int rc;
    //使用參數建立一個client,並將其賦值給以前聲明的client
    MQTTClient_create(&client, ADDRESS, CLIENTID,
        MQTTCLIENT_PERSISTENCE_NONE, NULL);
    conn_opts.keepAliveInterval = 20;
    conn_opts.cleansession = 1;
    conn_opts.username = username; //將用戶名寫入鏈接選項中
    conn_opts.password = password;//將密碼寫入鏈接選項中
     //使用MQTTClient_connect將client鏈接到服務器,使用指定的鏈接選項。成功則返回MQTTCLIENT_SUCCESS
    if ((rc = MQTTClient_connect(client, &conn_opts)) != MQTTCLIENT_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("Failed to connect, return code %d\n", rc);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    pubmsg.payload = PAYLOAD;
    pubmsg.payloadlen = strlen(PAYLOAD);
    pubmsg.qos = QOS;
    pubmsg.retained = 0;
    MQTTClient_publishMessage(client, TOPIC, &pubmsg, &token);
    printf("Waiting for up to %d seconds for publication of %s\n"
            "on topic %s for client with ClientID: %s\n",
            (int)(TIMEOUT/1000), PAYLOAD, TOPIC, CLIENTID);
    rc = MQTTClient_waitForCompletion(client, token, TIMEOUT);
    printf("Message with delivery token %d delivered\n", token);
    MQTTClient_disconnect(client, 10000);
    MQTTClient_destroy(&client);
    return rc;
}

  更改完成以後回到paho.mqtt.c目錄,執行make,輸出一下結果:
輸出結果

  打開paho.mqtt.c/build/output/samples目錄,剛剛咱們修改的MQTTClient_publish .c文件生成了MQTTClient_publish ,執行如下命令:

./MQTTClient_publish

  輸出如下結果:

make輸出結果

  爲了確認發送的信息已經到達客戶端,我打開了mqtt.fx客戶端,並鏈接到MQTT服務器,訂閱了topic01的話題,此時能夠看到發送過來的信息:
mqtt.fx收到的信息
  至此,Paho - MQTT C 發送Cient已經實現了,後續我會詳細的講解一下這個過程。

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