部署一個flask項目踩過的坑

最近在部署一個flask項目，中間遇到的一些坑，記錄一下：

想用virutalenv來控制項目的環境，畢竟跟別人使用同一臺server，以避免有衝突。這個時候就須要安裝一些依賴包的，就須要pip，可是默認是python 2.7的pip，這就比較扯淡了。嘗試了一下：

root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv$ pip3
-bash: pip3: command not found

沒有pip3，那就安裝，以下：

root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv$ sudo apt-get install pip3
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package pip3

說找不到這個叫pip3的包，查了一下，原來安裝姿式不對。python3下，正確的打開姿式是：

root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv$ sudo apt-get install python3-pip
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libpython3-dev libpython3.5-dev python3-dev python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3.5-dev
Suggested packages:
  python-setuptools-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libpython3-dev libpython3.5-dev python3-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3.5-dev
0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 95 not upgraded.
Need to get 38.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 55.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv$ pip3 install virtualenv 
Collecting virtualenv
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5e/6a/fa7e7f533595402040c831500bb10576e1f4b8f54d476f3994c7c55d8f5e/virtualenv-16.7.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (3.3MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 3.3MB 551kB/s
Installing collected packages: virtualenv
Successfully installed virtualenv
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 19.2.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

提示說pip version太老了，那就升級：

root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv$  pip3 install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/8d/07/f7d7ced2f97ca3098c16565efbe6b15fafcba53e8d9bdb431e09140514b0/pip-19.2.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.4MB 1.2MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Successfully installed pip-19.2.2

配置使用python3啓動virtualenv

root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv$  virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3 ticket-kb
Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python3
Already using interpreter /usr/bin/python3
Using base prefix '/usr'
New python executable in /home/jbe1szh/smtvenv/ticket-kb/bin/python3
Also creating executable in /home/jbe1szh/smtvenv/ticket-kb/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...
done.

進去虛擬環境

root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv$  cd ticket-kb/

激活虛擬環境：

root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv$  source bin/activate
(ticket-kb) root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv/ticket-kb$

能夠看到，最前面多了一個括號和文件夾名字，這個就證實你已經在虛擬環境裏了。
(ticket-kb) root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv/ticket-kb$

查看一下python的版本：

(ticket-kb) root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv/ticket-kb$  python -V
Python 3.5.2

退出虛擬環境，只須要輸入deactivate便可，以下：

(ticket-kb) root@ubuntu:~/smtvenv/ticket-kb$  deactivate