Elasticsearch Mapping

Elasticsearch Mapping示例

PUT my_index {   // 建立 my_index索引
  "mappings": {
    "user": {  // 建立名稱爲user的type
      "_all":       { "enabled": false  },  //Disable the _all meta field for the user mapping type
      "properties": { 
        "title":    { "type": "string"  }, 
        "name":     { "type": "string"  }, 
        "age":      { "type": "integer" }  
      }
    },
    "blogpost": { 
      "properties": { 
        "title":    { "type": "string"  }, 
        "body":     { "type": "string"  }, 
        "user_id":  {
          "type":   "string", 
          "index":  "not_analyzed"
        },
        "created":  {
          "type":   "date", 
          "format": "strict_date_optional_time||epoch_millis"
        }
      }
    }
  }}

type： 字段的數據類型，例如 string 和 date

• a simple type like string, date, long, double, boolean or ip.

• a type which supports the hierarchical nature of JSON such as object or nested.

• or a specialised type like geo_point, geo_shape, or completion.

index： 字段是否應當被當成全文來搜索（analyzed），或被當成一個準確的值（not_analyzed），仍是徹底不可被搜索（no）

analyzer： 肯定在索引和或搜索時全文字段使用的分析器。

Elasticsearch Field DataTypes

Elasticsearch supports a number of different datatypes for the fields in a document:

Core datatypesedit

• String datatype

• string

• Numeric datatypes

• long, integer, short, byte, double, float

• Date datatype

• date

• Boolean datatype

• boolean

• Binary datatype

• binary

Complex datatypesedit

• Array datatype

• Array support does not require a dedicated type

• Object datatype

• object for single JSON objects

• Nested datatype

• nested for arrays of JSON objects

Geo datatypesedit

• Geo-point datatype

• geo_point for lat/lon points

• Geo-Shape datatype

• geo_shape for complex shapes like polygons

Specialised datatypesedit

• IPv4 datatype

• ip for IPv4 addresses

• Completion datatype

• completion to provide auto-complete suggestions

• Token count datatype

• token_count to count the number of tokens in a string

• mapper-murmur3

• murmur3 to compute hashes of values at index-time and store them in the index

• Attachment datatype

• See the mapper-attachments plugin which supports indexing attachments like Microsoft Office formats, Open Document formats, ePub, HTML, etc. into an attachment datatype.

Multi-fieldsedit

It is often useful to index the same field in different ways for different purposes. For instance, a string field could be indexed as an analyzed field for full-text search, and as a not_analyzed field for sorting or aggregations. Alternatively, you could index a string field with the standard analyzer, the english analyzer, and the frenchanalyzer.