在 Windows 上使用 noinstall Zip 文件安裝 MySQL

時間 2019-11-13

標籤 windows 使用 noinstall zip 文件安裝 mysql 欄目 Windows 简体版

原文原文鏈接

本文同步至 http://www.waylau.com/windows-install-mysql-noinstall-zip/html

在 Windows 環境下，最簡單的安裝 MySQL 方式天然是使用 MySQL Installer 進行「傻瓜」式點下一步安裝便可，能夠參見mysql-5.6.13在windows平臺下的安裝、使用（圖解）。本文介紹了另一種使用 noinstall Zip 文件（免安裝版）安裝 MySQL。mysql

sql

下載安裝包

地址： http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/shell

本例使用 MySQL 版本爲：Windows (x86, 64-bit), ZIP Archive 5.7.10 (mysql-5.7.10-winx64.zip)windows

本例使用的操做系統爲：Win7 Sp1 x64服務器

解壓到安裝目錄

確保使用管理員權限的用戶登錄操做系統
選擇安裝位置。傳統上，MySQL server 安裝在 C:\mysql。 MySQL 的安裝嚮導（MySQL Installer）安裝 MySQL 在C:\Program Files\MySQL。若是您沒有在 C:\mysql 安裝 MySQL，你必須在啓動或者在 option file 文件中指定的安裝目錄路徑。本例安裝在C:\Program Files\MySQL目錄。
將安裝包解壓後放到安裝目錄下，以下：

建立配置文件

配置文件是用於設置 MySQL 的配置，解壓包下有一個 my-default.ini 文件，就是模版。複製該模版從命名爲 my.ini，則 MySQL 就會從 my.ini 裏讀取配置。dom

my.ini 放在 C:\Windows目錄。socket

本例安裝目錄和數據設置在 (C:\Program Files\MySQL\mysql-5.7.10-winx64 和 D:\mysqlData\data)，配置以下：ide

[mysqld]
# set basedir to your installation path
basedir = C:/Program Files/MySQL/mysql-5.7.10-winx64
# set datadir to the location of your data directory
datadir = D:/mysqlData/data

MySQL 5.7.6 以後，noinstall 安裝包並無提供 data 目錄，因此要初始化一個 data 目錄工具

添加 MySQL 工具到 PATH

爲了方便使用 MySQL 工具，添加 MySQL bin 目錄添加到 PATH 是個不錯的選擇。

本例將 C:\Program Files\MySQL\mysql-5.7.10-winx64\bin添加到 PATH,以下：

初始化 data 目錄

使用命令行

mysqld --defaults-file=C:\Windows\my.ini --initialize --console

其中 --defaults-file 指向了咱們以前建立的 my.ini 文件。

控制檯輸出以下：

C:\Users\Administrator>mysqld --defaults-file=C:\Windows\my.ini --initialize --c
onsole
2016-01-03T04:38:27.634571Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is
 deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see doc
umentation for more details).
2016-01-03T04:38:27.634571Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'E
RROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will
be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2016-01-03T04:38:27.634571Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not s
et.
2016-01-03T04:38:29.196573Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2016-01-03T04:38:29.576574Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint
system tables.
2016-01-03T04:38:29.696574Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we a
ssume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating
a new UUID: d657df18-b1d3-11e5-b812-00ac86a5db41.
2016-01-03T04:38:29.726574Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Tabl
e 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-01-03T04:38:29.736574Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@
localhost: m1>X:,<-2Gfl

若無異常，則會在 D:\mysqlData下建立一個 data 文件夾。其中，最後那個 m1>X:,<-2Gfl 就是 root 用戶的隨機生產的密碼

啓動、關閉 MySQL server

執行mysqld就能啓動 MySQL server，或者執行 mysqld --console能夠看到完整的啓動信息：

C:\Users\Administrator>mysqld --console
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is
 deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see doc
umentation for more details).
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'E
RROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will
be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not s
et.
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Warning] Insecure configuration for --secure-file
-priv: Current value does not restrict location of generated files. Consider set
ting it to a valid, non-empty path.
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.7.10) starting as process
1420 ...
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use Windows in
terlocked functions
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: _mm_lfence() and _mm_sfence() are u
sed for memory barrier
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2016-01-03T03:39:47.313272Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions
2016-01-03T03:39:47.328872Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total siz
e = 128M, instances = 1, chunk size = 128M
2016-01-03T03:39:47.344472Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer
pool
2016-01-03T03:39:47.453673Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Ba
rracuda.
2016-01-03T03:39:47.469273Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Log scan progressed past the checkp
oint lsn 2492338
2016-01-03T03:39:47.469273Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Doing recovery: scanned up to log s
equence number 2492347
2016-01-03T03:39:47.469273Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Doing recovery: scanned up to log s
equence number 2492347
2016-01-03T03:39:47.469273Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Database was not shutdown normally!

2016-01-03T03:39:47.469273Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.
2016-01-03T03:39:48.186874Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Removed temporary tablespace data f
ile: "ibtmp1"
2016-01-03T03:39:48.186874Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temp
orary tables
2016-01-03T03:39:48.186874Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file '.\ibtmp1' size to 12
MB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
2016-01-03T03:39:48.389674Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: File '.\ibtmp1' size is now 12 MB.
2016-01-03T03:39:48.389674Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 96 redo rollback segment(s) found.
96 redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-01-03T03:39:48.389674Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 32 non-redo rollback segment(s) are
 active.
2016-01-03T03:39:48.389674Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2016-01-03T03:39:48.452074Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 5.7.10 started; log sequence number
 2492347
2016-01-03T03:39:48.452074Z 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
2016-01-03T03:39:48.452074Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from D:\mysq
lData\data\ib_buffer_pool
2016-01-03T03:39:48.452074Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: not started
2016-01-03T03:39:48.623675Z 0 [Warning] Failed to set up SSL because of the foll
owing SSL library error: SSL context is not usable without certificate and priva
te key
2016-01-03T03:39:48.623675Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port:
3306
2016-01-03T03:39:48.623675Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2016-01-03T03:39:48.623675Z 0 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';
2016-01-03T03:39:48.623675Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2016-01-03T03:39:48.810875Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2016-01-03T03:39:48.810875Z 0 [Note] mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.7.10'  socket: ''  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)
2016-01-03T03:39:48.904475Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 16
0103 11:39:48

關閉執行 mysqladmin -u root shutdown

做爲 Windows Service 安裝

做爲 Windows Service 能夠隨着操做系統自啓動。安裝前，先關閉 MySQL server，關閉執行 mysqladmin -u root shutdown，再執行 mysqld --install便可。

若要卸載該服務器，執行mysqld --remove

使用 NET 工具啓動、關閉 MySQL

將 MySQL server 做爲 Windows Service 安裝以後，能夠使用 NET 工具方便啓動、關閉 MySQL（指令不區分大小寫）。

啓動執行：

C:\Users\Administrator>NET START MySQL
MySQL 服務正在啓動 .
MySQL 服務已經啓動成功。

關閉執行：

C:\Users\Administrator>NET STOP MySQL
MySQL 服務正在中止.
MySQL 服務已成功中止。

加密默認用戶帳號

初始化 root 用戶

在 MySQL server啓動後，用 root 用戶登錄

shell> mysql -u root -p
Enter password: (enter the random root password here)

執行修改密碼的指令：

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';

問題

問題1

執行mysqld --defaults-file=C:\Windows\my.ini --initialize時，出現下面稱爲：

C:\Users\Administrator>mysqld --defaults-file=C:\Windows\my.ini --initialize
mysqld: Can't create directory 'D:\mysqlData\data\' (Errcode: 2 - No such file o
r directory)
2016-01-01T15:08:10.531737Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is
 deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see doc
umentation for more details).
2016-01-01T15:08:10.531737Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'E
RROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will
be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2016-01-01T15:08:10.531737Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not s
et.
2016-01-01T15:08:10.534737Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

解決方法：指定的目錄不存在，先建立D:\mysqlData目錄，再執行上述命令