一,爲何要開啓這個查詢呢?
mysql
數據庫是很容易產生瓶頸的地方,如今Nosql你們討論這麼熱,估計都被數據庫搞鬱悶了。mysql中最影響速度的就是那些查詢很是慢的語句,這些慢的語句,多是寫的不夠合理或者是大數據下多表的聯合查詢等等,因此咱們要找出這些語句,分析緣由,加以優化。這也是發這篇博文的緣由git
二,開啓mysql的慢查詢sql
方法1,用命令開啓慢查詢shell
mysql> show variables like "%long%"; //查看一下默認爲慢查詢的時間10秒 +-----------------+-----------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------+-----------+ | long_query_time | 10.000000 | +-----------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set global long_query_time=2; //設置成2秒,加上global,下次進mysql已然生效 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like "%slow%"; //查看一下慢查詢是否是已經開啓 +---------------------+---------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------------+---------------------------------+ | log_slow_queries | OFF | | slow_launch_time | 2 | | slow_query_log | OFF | | slow_query_log_file | /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log | +---------------------+---------------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set slow_query_log='ON'; //加上global,否則會報錯的。 ERROR 1229 (HY000): Variable 'slow_query_log' is a GLOBAL variable and should be set with SET GLOBAL mysql> set global slow_query_log='ON'; //啓用慢查詢 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.28 sec) mysql> show variables like "%slow%"; //查看是否已經開啓 +---------------------+---------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------------+---------------------------------+ | log_slow_queries | ON | | slow_launch_time | 2 | | slow_query_log | ON | | slow_query_log_file | /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log | +---------------------+---------------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
方法2,修改mysql的配置文件my.cnf數據庫
在[mysqld]裏面加上如下內容socket
long_query_time = 2 log-slow-queries = /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log
重起一下ide
/usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld restart工具
三,分析工具大數據
分析工具幹什麼事的呢,其實就是把mysql-slow.log裏面記錄下來的數據,分析一下顯示出來。其實本身寫一個shell腳本也是能夠把要的信息取出來的。咱們來看一下mysql-slow.log裏面究竟是什麼東西優化
[root@BlackGhost mysql]# cat mysql-slow.log //查看命令 /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld, Version: 5.1.26-rc-log (Source distribution). started with: Tcp port: 3306 Unix socket: /tmp/mysql.sock Time Id Command Argument # Time: 100814 13:28:30 # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] # Query_time: 10.096500 Lock_time: 0.045791 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 2374192 SET timestamp=1281763710; select count(distinct ad_code) as x from ad_visit_history where ad_code in (select ad_code from ad_list where media_id=15); # Time: 100814 13:37:02 # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] # Query_time: 10.394134 Lock_time: 0.000091 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 2374192 SET timestamp=1281764222; select count(distinct ad_code) as x from ad_visit_history where ad_code in (select ad_code from ad_list where media_id=15); # Time: 100814 13:37:16 # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] # Query_time: 4.608920 Lock_time: 0.000078 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 1260544 SET timestamp=1281764236; select count(*) as cou from ad_visit_history where ad_code in (select ad_code from ad_list where id=41) order by id desc;
看到了,就是記錄一下sql語句的執行狀況,包括執行時間,鎖定時間等,因此要不要分析工具看我的狀況,分析工具不少,在這兒只說一下mysql自帶的慢查詢分析工具mysqldumpslow的使用方法。
[root@BlackGhost bin]# mysqldumpslow -h Option h requires an argument ERROR: bad option Usage: mysqldumpslow [ OPTS... ] [ LOGS... ] Parse and summarize the MySQL slow query log. Options are --verbose verbose --debug debug --help write this text to standard output -v verbose -d debug //查錯 -s ORDER what to sort by (t, at, l, al, r, ar etc), 'at' is default //排序方式query次數,時間,lock的時間和返回的記錄數來排序 -r reverse the sort order (largest last instead of first) //倒排序 -t NUM just show the top n queries //顯示前N多個 -a don't abstract all numbers to N and strings to 'S' -n NUM abstract numbers with at least n digits within names //抽象的數字,至 少有n位內的名稱 -g PATTERN grep: only consider stmts that include this string //配置模式 -h HOSTNAME hostname of db server for *-slow.log filename (can be wildcard), //mysql因此機器名或者IP default is '*', i.e. match all -i NAME name of server instance (if using mysql.server startup script) -l don't subtract lock time from total time //總時間中不減去鎖定時間
例子:
[root@BlackGhost bin]# ./mysqldumpslow -s r -t 20 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log
[root@BlackGhost bin]# ./mysqldumpslow -s r -t 20 -g 'count' /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log