Oracle語法 及 SQL題目（三）

目錄

• SQL題目六
  • 第一個問題思路（查詢酒類商品的總點擊量）
  • 第二個問題思路（查詢每一個類別所屬商品的總點擊量,並按降序排列）
  • 第三個問題思路（查詢全部類別中最熱門的品種(點擊量最高),並按點擊量降順序排列 ）
  • 第四個問題思路（查詢茅臺的銷售狀況,按日期升序排列）
• 筆記
  • 視圖
  • 索引

SQL題目六

ABC在線銷售公司業務系統
表結構：
一、表名：t_category (商品類別表)
字段(字段名/類型/長度)：
類別編號 category_id INT
類別名稱 category_name VARCHAR2(30)

二、表名：t_goods (商品表)
字段(字段名/類型/長度)：
商品編號 goods_no CHAR(3)
商品名稱 goods_name VARCHAR2(30)
商品價格 goods_price number(7,2)
所屬類別 goods_category INT
點擊次數 goods_click_num INT

三、 表名: t_saleinfo (銷售信息表)
字段(字段名/類型/長度)：
銷售流水號 sid INT
商品編號 goods_no CHAR(3)
銷售日期 sale_date date
銷售數量 quantity INT
銷售金額 amount number(10,2)

create table t_category(
   category_id int primary key,
   category_name varchar2(30)
);

create table t_goods(
   goods_no char(3) primary key,
   goods_name varchar2(30) not null,
   goods_price number(7,2) not null,
   goods_category int not null,
   goods_click_num int default 0,
   constraint FK_GOODS_CATEGORY FOREIGN KEY (goods_category) references t_category(category_id)
);

create table t_saleinfo(
   sid int primary key,
   goods_no char(3) not null,
   sale_date date  not null,
   quantity int not null,
   amount number(10,2) not null,
   constraint FK_SALEINFO_GOODS FOREIGN KEY (goods_no) references t_goods(goods_no)
);

-- 增長類別數據
insert into t_category values(1,'酒類');
insert into t_category values(2,'服裝');
insert into t_category values(3,'書籍');

-- 商品數據
insert into t_goods values('G01','貴州茅臺',550.56,1,128);
insert into t_goods values('G02','福建老酒',5.43,1,24);
insert into t_goods values('G03','瀘州老窖',90.56,1,67);
insert into t_goods values('G04','劍南春',80.56,1,88);
insert into t_goods values('G05','七匹狼夾克',350.56,2,348);
insert into t_goods values('G06','七匹狼襯衫',105.43,2,908);
insert into t_goods values('G07','七匹狼男長褲',130.50,2,167);
insert into t_goods values('G08','七匹狼領帶',280.00,2,388);
insert into t_goods values('G09','J2EE開發',50.50,3,236);
insert into t_goods values('G10','STRUTS應用',24.50,3,654);
insert into t_goods values('G11','ORACLE 11G',100.50,3,145);
insert into t_goods values('G12','dotnet技術',80.00,3,988);

-- 銷售數據
insert into t_saleinfo values(1,'G01',to_date('2008-1-1','yyyy-MM-dd'),50,50*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(2,'G01',to_date('2008-1-2','yyyy-MM-dd'),25,25*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(3,'G01',to_date('2008-1-3','yyyy-MM-dd'),31,31*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(4,'G01',to_date('2008-1-4','yyyy-MM-dd'),43,43*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(5,'G01',to_date('2008-1-5','yyyy-MM-dd'),55,55*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(6,'G01',to_date('2008-1-6','yyyy-MM-dd'),102,102*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(7,'G11',to_date('2008-1-6','yyyy-MM-dd'),82,82*100.5);
insert into t_saleinfo values(8,'G11',to_date('2008-1-7','yyyy-MM-dd'),202,202*100.5);

題目：
一、查詢酒類商品的總點擊量
二、查詢各個類別所屬商品的總點擊量,並按降序排列
三、查詢全部類別中最熱門的品種(點擊量最高),並按點擊量降順序排列
四、查詢茅臺的銷售狀況,按日期升序排列

格式以下:
商品編號 商品名稱 銷售日期 銷售數量 銷售金額 累計數量 累計金額
1 茅臺 2011-12-1 10 7000 10 7000
1 茅臺 2011-12-2 15 10500 25 17500

第一個問題思路（查詢酒類商品的總點擊量）

-- 解一：
-- 笛卡爾積 內聯兩張表
select * from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category=b.category_id;

-- 查詢酒類 笛卡爾積
select * from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category=b.category_id and b.category_name='酒類';

-- 按照酒名分組查詢 獲取酒類的總點擊量
select b.category_name, sum(a.goods_click_num) total_click 
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category=b.category_id
and b.category_name='酒類' 
group by b.category_name;

--  '酒類' 替換了category_name列下的值
select '酒類' category_name, sum(a.goods_click_num) total_click 
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category=b.category_id and b.category_name='酒類';


-- 解二：
-- 子查詢 解法
select category_id from t_category
where category_name='酒類';

select GOODS_CATEGORY,goods_click_num from t_goods
where goods_category in
(
    select category_id
    from t_category
    where category_name='酒類'
);

select '酒類' category_name,sum(goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods
where goods_category in
(
    select category_id
    from t_category
    where category_name='酒類'
);

第二個問題思路（查詢每一個類別所屬商品的總點擊量,並按降序排列）

-- 按所屬類別分組 查詢商品類別 類別商品總點擊量
select goods_category,sum(goods_click_num)
from t_goods
group by goods_category;

-- 降序 按商品表類別分組 各個類別商品點擊量總和 降序
select goods_category,sum(goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods
group by goods_category
order by sum(goods_click_num) desc;

select goods_category,sum(goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category = b.category_id
group by goods_category
order by sum(goods_click_num) desc;

-- 劃分歸屬
select goods_category,category_name,sum(goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category = b.category_id
group by goods_category,category_name
order by sum(goods_click_num) desc;

-- 劃別名 按類別分組 按最高點擊商品表中各個類別最高點擊量 降序
select a.goods_category,b.category_name,sum(a.goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category = b.category_id
group by goods_category,category_name
order by sum(a.goods_click_num) desc;

第三個問題思路（查詢全部類別中最熱門的品種(點擊量最高),並按點擊量降順序排列 ）

-- 查詢商品表各個類別，最大點擊量
select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
from t_goods
group by goods_category;

-- 獲取一張 按照商品類別分組的 新商品表
select * from
(
    select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
    from t_goods
    group by goods_category
)a inner join t_goods b
on a.goods_category=b.goods_category 
and a.max_click=b.goods_click_num;

-- 笛卡爾積三表 用where篩選數據 尋找點擊量高的的商品
select * from
(
    select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
    from t_goods
    group by goods_category
)a,t_goods b,t_category c
where a.goods_category=b.goods_category 
and a.max_click=b.goods_click_num 
and c.category_id=a.goods_category;

-- 按照 原商品表的各個類別熱門最大點擊量降序
select * from
(
    select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
    from t_goods
    group by goods_category
)a,t_goods b,t_category c
where a.goods_category=b.goods_category 
and a.max_click=b.goods_click_num 
and c.category_id=a.goods_category
order by a.max_click desc;

-- 查詢商品表中點擊最高（即 熱門）的商品，並查詢相關類別信息 按最大點擊量降序
select c.category_id,c.category_name,b.goods_no,b.goods_name,a.max_click
from
(
    select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
    from t_goods
    group by goods_category
)a,t_goods b,t_category c
where a.goods_category=b.goods_category 
and a.max_click=b.goods_click_num 
and c.category_id=a.goods_category
order by a.max_click desc;

第四個問題思路（查詢茅臺的銷售狀況,按日期升序排列）

-- 獲取'貴州茅臺'商品編號
select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='貴州茅臺';

-- 商品編號內聯 限制爲'貴州茅臺'商品編號
select * from t_saleinfo a 
inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='貴州茅臺'
);

-- 銷售日期 升序
select * from t_saleinfo a 
inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='貴州茅臺'
)
order by a.sale_date;

-- 增長銷售日期限制
select * from t_saleinfo a 
inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='貴州茅臺'
)
and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
order by a.sale_date;

-- 增長商品編號限制
select a.sale_date,a.quantity,sum(b.quantity),sum(b.amount)
from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no
and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='貴州茅臺'
)
and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
group by a.sale_date,a.quantity;

-- 銷售日期 升序
select a.sale_date,a.quantity,sum(b.quantity),sum(b.amount)
from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no
and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='貴州茅臺'
)
and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
group by a.sale_date,a.quantity
order by a.sale_date;

select a.sale_date,a.quantity day_quantity,max(a.amount) day_amount,sum(b.quantity) total_quantity,sum(b.amount) total_amount
from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no
and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='貴州茅臺'
)
and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
group by a.sale_date,a.quantity
order by a.sale_date;

-- 獲取商品銷售信息
select d.goods_no,d.goods_name,e.category_name,c.*
from
(
    select max(a.goods_no) goods_no,
           a.sale_date,a.quantity day_quantity,
           max(a.amount) day_amount,
           sum(b.quantity) total_quantity,
           sum(b.amount) total_amount
    from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
    on a.goods_no=b.goods_no and a.goods_no=
    (
        select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='貴州茅臺'
    )
    and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
    group by a.sale_date,a.quantity
    order by a.sale_date
)c,t_goods d, t_category e
where c.goods_no=d.goods_no
and d.goods_category=e.category_id;

筆記

視圖

-- 建立視圖
create view v_day_sale_statis as
select d.goods_no,d.goods_name,e.category_name,c.*
from
(
    select max(a.goods_no) goods_no,a.sale_date,a.quantity day_quantity,max(a.amount) day_amount,sum(b.quantity) total_quantity,sum(b.amount) total_amount
    from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
    on a.goods_no=b.goods_no
    and a.goods_no=
    (
        select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='貴州茅臺'
    )
    and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
    group by a.sale_date,a.quantity
    order by a.sale_date
)c,t_goods d, t_category e
where c.goods_no=d.goods_no
and d.goods_category=e.category_id;

-- 查詢用戶視圖
select * from user_views;

-- 查詢視圖
select * from v_day_sale_statis;

-- 刪除視圖
drop view v_day_sale_statis;

-- 查找某個視圖
select * from dba_views where view_name = "User_tables";

-- 建立視圖註釋
comment on column v_day_sale_statis.table_name is 'Name of the table';

索引

-- 建立索引(加快查找速度)
create index clicknum_idx on t_goods(goods_click_num);

-- 查找用戶索引
select * from user_indexes;