Oracle語法 及 SQL題目（二）

目錄

• 課例複製
  • 思考題四
    • 解題思路
  • 思考題五
    • 解題思路

課例複製

思考題四

最近，通過你的努力，你獲得了一份工做，成爲了百貨公司的一位經理。
到位後，你發現你的銷售數據庫中有兩張表，一個是商店促銷時間的日曆，另外一個是在促銷期間的銷售額列表。
你須要編寫一個查詢，告訴咱們在每次促銷中哪位職員的銷售額最高，這樣能夠給那個職員發績效獎金。

-- 商店促銷時間的日曆
create table promotions (
    promo_name varchar2(50) not null primary key,  -- 促銷活動名稱
    start_date date not null,                      -- 開始時間
    end_date date not null,                        -- 終止時間
    check(start_date<=end_date)
);

-- 促銷期間的銷售額表 （注意：該表只是保存促銷期間的銷售額）
create table sales
(
    ticket_nbr int not null primary key,  --銷售票據編號 （自增）
    clerk_name varchar2(20) not null,     --銷售員姓名
    sale_date date not null,              --銷售日期
    sale_amount number(9,2) not null      --銷售金額
);

insert into promotions values('spring sales',to_date('2009-2-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),to_date('2009-2-15','yyyy/mm/dd'));
insert into promotions values('worker sale',to_date('2009-5-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),to_date('2009-5-4','yyyy/mm/dd'));
insert into promotions values('children sale',to_date('2009-6-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),to_date('2009-6-1','yyyy/mm/dd'));
insert into promotions values('national day sale',to_date('2009-10-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),to_date('2009-10-7','yyyy/mm/dd'));

create sequence seq_nbr;

insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-2-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),30);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-2-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),73);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-2-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),110);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-2-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),190);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-2-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),30);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-2-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),92);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-2-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),130);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-2-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),90);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-2-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),110);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-2-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),70);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-2-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),9);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-2-5','yyyy/mm/dd'),88);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-2-5','yyyy/mm/dd'),70);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-2-13','yyyy/mm/dd'),50);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-2-13','yyyy/mm/dd'),170);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-2-14','yyyy/mm/dd'),270);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-2-15','yyyy/mm/dd'),67.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-5-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),280.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-5-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),190);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-5-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),113);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-5-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),88);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-5-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),35.5); 
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-5-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),125);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',  to_date('2009-5-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),92);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-5-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),93);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-5-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),167);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',  to_date('2009-5-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),123.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-5-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),200);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-5-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),2);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-6-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),190);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-6-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),110.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-6-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),213);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-10-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),1123);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-10-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),780);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-10-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),310);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-10-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),139);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-10-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),1110.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-10-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),998);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-10-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),120);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'mary',to_date('2009-10-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),10);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-10-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),234);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-10-5','yyyy/mm/dd'),110.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'tom',to_date('2009-10-6','yyyy/mm/dd'),23);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'david',to_date('2009-10-7','yyyy/mm/dd'),10.5); 
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-2-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),30);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-2-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),73);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-2-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),110);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-2-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),190);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-2-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),30);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-2-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),92);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-2-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),130);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-2-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),90);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-2-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),110);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-2-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),70);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-2-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),9);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-2-5','yyyy/mm/dd'),88);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-2-5','yyyy/mm/dd'),70);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-2-13','yyyy/mm/dd'),50);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-2-13','yyyy/mm/dd'),170);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-2-14','yyyy/mm/dd'),270);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-2-15','yyyy/mm/dd'),67.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-5-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),280.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-5-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),190);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-5-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),113);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-5-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),88);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-5-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),35.5); 
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-5-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),125);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',  to_date('2009-5-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),92);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-5-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),93);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-5-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),167);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',  to_date('2009-5-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),123.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-5-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),200);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-5-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),2);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-6-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),190);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-6-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),110.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-6-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),213);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-10-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),1123);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-10-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),780);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-10-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),310);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-10-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),139);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-10-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),1110.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-10-2','yyyy/mm/dd'),998);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-10-3','yyyy/mm/dd'),120);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'高春梅',to_date('2009-10-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),10);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-10-4','yyyy/mm/dd'),234);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-10-5','yyyy/mm/dd'),110.5);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'劉萬理',to_date('2009-10-6','yyyy/mm/dd'),23);
insert into sales values(seq_nbr.nextval,'王海',to_date('2009-10-7','yyyy/mm/dd'),10.5);

找出在各次促銷活動中，銷售量最高的銷售員。

請編制一條SQL來完成這個查詢。(儘可能考慮多種寫法)

解題思路

select p.promo_name,s.clerk_name,sum(s.sale_amount) top_sale
from promotions p inner join sales s
on s.sale_date between p.start_date and p.end_date
group by p.promo_name,s.clerk_name,p.start_date,p.end_date
having sum(s.sale_amount) >= all(
   select sum(s2.sale_amount)
   from sales s2
   where s.clerk_name <> s2.clerk_name and s2.sale_date between p.start_date and p.end_date
   group by s2.clerk_name
);

SELECT s1.clerk_name,p.promo_name,p.start_date,p.end_date,SUM(s1.sale_amount)
FROM sales s1
INNER JOIN promotions p
ON s1.sale_date BETWEEN p.start_date AND p.end_date
group by s1.clerk_name,p.promo_name,p.start_date,p.end_date
HAVING SUM(s1.sale_amount)>= ALL 
(
    SELECT SUM(s2.sale_amount)
    FROM sales s2
    WHERE s2.sale_date BETWEEN p.start_date AND p.end_date
    GROUP BY s2.clerk_name
);

思考題五

財務諮詢顧問的收入統計問題

金太陽財務諮詢服務公司，聘請了一些財務顧問提供財務操做諮詢服務，這些顧問都以兼職形式爲公司服務，公司將按小時爲顧問工做計算薪酬。

具體表信息以下：

a. 顧問信息表 (consultant)

create table consultant(
    cst_id int primary key,
    cst_name varchar2(30) not null
);
insert into consultant values(1, 'david');
insert into consultant values(2, 'henry');
insert into consultant values(3, 'mary');
insert into consultant values(4, 'kent');

b. 顧問費率表 (billings)

不一樣級別的顧問，在不一樣的時期，每小時的收費是不一樣的，公司會根據狀況上調或者下調顧問的小時佣金待遇。

create table billings(
    cst_id int not null,
    bill_date date not null,
    bill_rate int not null,
    constraint PK_BILLING PRIMARY KEY(cst_id,bill_date),
    constraint FK_BILLING_EMP FOREIGN KEY (cst_id) references consultant(cst_id)
);
insert into billings values(1, to_date('2010-1-1' ,'yyyy/mm/dd'),50);
insert into billings values(2, to_date('2010-1-1' ,'yyyy/mm/dd'),60);
insert into billings values(3, to_date('2010-1-1' ,'yyyy/mm/dd'),70);
insert into billings values(4, to_date('2010-1-1' ,'yyyy/mm/dd'),40);
insert into billings values(1, to_date('2011-1-1' ,'yyyy/mm/dd'),60);
insert into billings values(4, to_date('2011-1-1' ,'yyyy/mm/dd'),45);

c. 顧問工做狀況記錄表 (hoursworked)

create table hoursworked(
    list_id int primary key, 
    cst_id int not null,
    work_date date not null,
    bill_hrs  decimal(5,2) not null,
    constraint FK_HW_EMP FOREIGN KEY (cst_id) references consultant(cst_id)
);
insert into hoursworked values(1,1, to_date('2010-7-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),3);
insert into hoursworked values(2,1, to_date('2010-8-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),5);
insert into hoursworked values(3,2, to_date('2010-7-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),2);
insert into hoursworked values(4,1, to_date('2011-7-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),4);
insert into hoursworked values(5,3, to_date('2011-8-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),3.5);
insert into hoursworked values(6,4, to_date('2010-9-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),10);
insert into hoursworked values(7,4, to_date('2011-8-1','yyyy/mm/dd'),6);

求解：
咱們須要你編寫一個SQL查詢語句，顯示顧問的名字以及其總的顧問費用。

解題思路

select c.cst_id,e.cst_name,sum(d.bill_rate*c.bill_hrs) total_fee
from
(
    select h.cst_id,h.work_date,max(b.bill_date) bill_date, h.bill_hrs
    from billings b inner join hoursworked h
    on h.cst_id=b.cst_id and h.work_date>=b.bill_date
    group by h.cst_id,h.work_date,h.bill_hrs
)c,billings d,consultant e
where c.cst_id=d.cst_id and c.bill_date=d.bill_date and c.cst_id=e.cst_id
group by c.cst_id,e.cst_name
order by c.cst_id;