五種Spring事務配置的方式

前段時間對Spring的事務配置作了比較深刻的研究，在此之間對Spring的事務配置雖然說也配置過，可是一直沒有一個清楚的認識。經過此次的學習發覺Spring的事務配置只要把思路理清，仍是比較好掌握的。

Spring配置文件中關於事務配置老是由三個組成部分，分別是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理機制這三部分，不管哪一種配置方式，通常變化的只是代理機制這部分。

DataSource、 TransactionManager這兩部分只是會根據數據訪問方式有所變化，好比使用Hibernate進行數據訪問時，DataSource實際爲 SessionFactory，TransactionManager的實現爲HibernateTransactionManager。

根據代理機制的不一樣，總結了五種Spring事務的配置方式，配置文件以下：

第一種方式：每一個Bean都有一個代理

<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">      < bean  id = "sessionFactory"                class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >            < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />            < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />      </ bean >        <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->        < bean  id = "transactionManager"          class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >          < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />      </ bean >            <!-- 配置DAO -->      < bean  id = "userDaoTarget"  class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >          < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />      </ bean >            < bean  id = "userDao"            class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" >               <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->               < property  name = "transactionManager"  ref = "transactionManager"  />               < property  name = "target"  ref = "userDaoTarget"  />             < property  name = "proxyInterfaces"  value = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao"  />          <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->            < property  name = "transactionAttributes" >                < props >                    < prop  key = "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</ prop >              </ props >            </ property >        </ bean >   </ beans >

第二種方式：全部Bean共享一個代理基類

<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">      < bean  id = "sessionFactory"                class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >            < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />            < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />      </ bean >        <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->        < bean  id = "transactionManager"          class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >          < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />      </ bean >            < bean  id = "transactionBase"                class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"                lazy-init = "true"  abstract = "true" >            <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->            < property  name = "transactionManager"  ref = "transactionManager"  />            <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->            < property  name = "transactionAttributes" >                < props >                    < prop  key = "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</ prop >                </ props >            </ property >        </ bean >               <!-- 配置DAO -->      < bean  id = "userDaoTarget"  class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >          < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />      </ bean >            < bean  id = "userDao"  parent = "transactionBase"  >            < property  name = "target"  ref = "userDaoTarget"  />         </ bean > </ beans >

第三種方式：使用攔截器

<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">      < bean  id = "sessionFactory"                class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >            < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />            < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />      </ bean >        <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->        < bean  id = "transactionManager"          class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >          < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />      </ bean >            < bean  id = "transactionInterceptor"            class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor" >            < property  name = "transactionManager"  ref = "transactionManager"  />            <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->            < property  name = "transactionAttributes" >                < props >                    < prop  key = "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</ prop >                </ props >            </ property >        </ bean >              < bean  class = "org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator" >            < property  name = "beanNames" >                < list >                    < value >*Dao</ value >              </ list >            </ property >            < property  name = "interceptorNames" >                < list >                    < value >transactionInterceptor</ value >                </ list >            </ property >        </ bean >            <!-- 配置DAO -->      < bean  id = "userDao"  class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >          < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />      </ bean > </ beans >

第四種方式：使用tx標籤配置的攔截器

<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">      < context:annotation-config  />      < context:component-scan  base-package = "com.bluesky"  />      < bean  id = "sessionFactory"                class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >            < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />            < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />      </ bean >        <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->        < bean  id = "transactionManager"          class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >          < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />      </ bean >      < tx:advice  id = "txAdvice"  transaction-manager = "transactionManager" >          < tx:attributes >              < tx:method  name = "*"  propagation = "REQUIRED"  />          </ tx:attributes >      </ tx:advice >            < aop:config >          < aop:pointcut  id = "interceptorPointCuts"              expression = "execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))"  />          < aop:advisor  advice-ref = "txAdvice"              pointcut-ref = "interceptorPointCuts"  />              </ aop:config >       </ beans >

第五種方式：全註解

<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">      < context:annotation-config  />      < context:component-scan  base-package = "com.bluesky"  />      < tx:annotation-driven  transaction-manager = "transactionManager" />      < bean  id = "sessionFactory"                class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >            < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />            < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />      </ bean >        <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->        < bean  id = "transactionManager"          class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >          < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />      </ bean >       </ beans >

此時在DAO上需加上@Transactional註解，以下：

package  com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import  java.util.List;

import  org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import  org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import  org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

import  org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import  com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional

@Component ( "userDao" )

public  class  UserDaoImpl  extends  HibernateDaoSupport  implements  UserDao {

     public  List<User> listUsers() {

         return  this .getSession().createQuery( "from User" ).list();

     }

     

}