Spring 事務配置的五種方式

前段時間對Spring的事務配置作了比較深刻的研究,在此之間對Spring的事務配置雖然說也配置過,可是一直沒有一個清楚的認識。經過此次的學習發覺Spring的事務配置只要把思路理清,仍是比較好掌握的。java

    總結以下:spring

 Spring事務類型詳解:
  PROPAGATION_REQUIRED--支持當前事務,若是當前沒有事務,就新建一個事務。這是最多見的選擇。
  PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS--支持當前事務,若是當前沒有事務,就以非事務方式執行。
  PROPAGATION_MANDATORY--支持當前事務,若是當前沒有事務,就拋出異常。
  PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW--新建事務,若是當前存在事務,把當前事務掛起。
  PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED--以非事務方式執行操做,若是當前存在事務,就把當前事務掛起。
  PROPAGATION_NEVER--以非事務方式執行,若是當前存在事務,則拋出異常。
  PROPAGATION_NESTED--若是當前存在事務,則在嵌套事務內執行。若是當前沒有事務,則進行與PROPAGATION_REQUIRED相似的操做。express

 

    Spring配置文件中關於事務配置老是由三個組成部分,分別是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理機制這三部分,不管哪一種配置方式,通常變化的只是代理機制這部分。session

    DataSource、TransactionManager這兩部分只是會根據數據訪問方式有所變化,好比使用Hibernate進行數據訪問時,DataSource實際爲SessionFactory,TransactionManager的實現爲HibernateTransactionManager。dom

    具體以下圖:學習

Spring事務配置 (2)

    根據代理機制的不一樣,總結了五種Spring事務的配置方式,配置文件以下:ui

其中this

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  
    <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>

能夠用下面的替換url

<!-- 配置數據源,使用的是alibaba的Druid(德魯伊)數據源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />  
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />  
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />  
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> 
    <!-- 初始化鏈接大小 -->  
    <property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}"></property>  
    <!-- 鏈接池最大數量 -->  
    <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}"></property>  
    <!-- 鏈接池最小空閒 -->  
    <property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}"></property>  
    <!-- 鏈接池最大空閒 -->  
    <property name="maxIdle" value="${jdbc.maxIdle}"></property>  
    <!-- 獲取鏈接最大等待時間 -->  
    <property name="maxWait" value="${jdbc.maxWait}"></property>  
</bean>

 

    第一種方式:每一個Bean都有一個代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>  

    <!-- 定義事務管理器(聲明式的事務) -->  
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="userDao"  
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">  
           <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->  
           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />     
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />  
         <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
        <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->  
        <property name="transactionAttributes">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
</beans>

 

第二種方式:全部Bean共享一個代理基類

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>  

    <!-- 定義事務管理器(聲明式的事務) -->  
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="transactionBase"  
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"  
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true">  
        <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->  
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />  
        <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->  
        <property name="transactionAttributes">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>    
   
    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >  
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />   
    </bean>
</beans>

 

第三種方式:使用攔截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>  

    <!-- 定義事務管理器(聲明式的事務) -->  
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean> 
   
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"  
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">  
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />  
        <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->  
        <property name="transactionAttributes">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>
      
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">  
        <property name="beanNames">  
            <list>  
                <value>*Dao</value>
            </list>  
        </property>  
        <property name="interceptorNames">  
            <list>  
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
  
    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
</beans>

 

第四種方式:使用tx標籤配置的攔截器 -- 聲明式事務

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>  

    <!-- 定義事務管理器(聲明式的事務) -->  
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> 
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts" expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" /> </aop:config> </beans>

 

第五種方式:全註解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>  

    <!-- 定義事務管理器(聲明式的事務) -->  
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    
</beans>

 

此時在DAO上需加上@Transactional註解,以下:spa

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

    public List<User> listUsers() {
        return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
    }
    
    
}
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