VMware虛擬機(Linux)如何找出系統中磁盤設備對應的硬盤

 

VMware虛擬機（Linux）中，咱們的Linux服務器可能擁有多個磁盤（或者叫虛擬磁盤），以下所示，這個服務器的磁盤有硬盤一、硬盤二、…………硬盤10總共10塊硬盤。

 

 

而Linux系統中，磁盤中對應的設備以下

 

[root@mylnx01 ~]# ls -lrt /dev/sd*

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   0 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sda

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   3 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sda3

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   2 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sda2

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  21 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdb5

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  18 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdb2

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  17 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdb1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  16 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdb

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  37 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdc5

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  34 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdc2

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  33 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdc1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  32 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdc

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  64 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sde

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  49 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdd1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  48 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdd

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  82 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdf2

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  81 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdf1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  80 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdf

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  69 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sde5

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  65 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sde1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 113 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdh1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 112 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdh

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  96 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdg

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  85 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdf5

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 129 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdi1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 128 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdi

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 101 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdg5

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,  97 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdg1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 130 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdi2

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 147 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj3

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 146 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj2

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 145 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 144 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 152 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj8

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 151 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj7

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 150 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj6

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 149 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj5

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 148 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj4

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 153 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj9

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8,   1 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sda1

 

那麼咱們如何找出/dev/sdj對應VMware中的哪一個磁盤呢？ 相信不少同窗可能想經過磁盤大小來判斷，可是呢，這個經過磁盤大小很差判斷或者判斷不精準，主要有下面一些因素：

 

1：兩邊計算磁盤大小的方式不同。看到的磁盤大小有點出入。

 

2：可能存在相同大小的磁盤，此時你怎麼判斷呢？

 

那麼有沒有經過某個標識來判斷呢？根據SCSI標準，每一個SCSI磁盤都有一個WWID，相似於網卡的MAC地址，並且是獨一無二。Linux系統上/dev/disk/by-id目錄包含每一個SCSI磁盤WWID訪問路徑。

 

[root@KerryDB ~]# ll /dev/disk/by-id/

total 0

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Apr 11 09:25 ata-ST500DM002-1BD142_Z6EA17FP -> ../../sda

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Apr 11 09:25 ata-ST500DM002-1BD142_Z6EA17FP-part1 -> ../../sda1

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Apr 11 09:25 ata-ST500DM002-1BD142_Z6EA17FP-part2 -> ../../sda2

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Apr 11 09:25 ata-ST500DM002-1BD142_Z6EA17FP-part3 -> ../../sda3

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Mar 10 14:29 dm-name-centos-home -> ../../dm-2

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Mar 10 14:29 dm-name-centos-root -> ../../dm-0

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Mar 10 14:29 dm-name-centos-swap -> ../../dm-1

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Mar 10 14:29 dm-uuid-LVM-OoLL2Ne7hVrlu1rWFZRicmPrEZGxlZhQ2GwVhfhZrdLWmRZ3KuKGNJJqskLn2noy -> ../../dm-0

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Mar 10 14:29 dm-uuid-LVM-OoLL2Ne7hVrlu1rWFZRicmPrEZGxlZhQNALIUTdrhqV42RQNW8jaImopDuEPs5b3 -> ../../dm-1

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Mar 10 14:29 dm-uuid-LVM-OoLL2Ne7hVrlu1rWFZRicmPrEZGxlZhQybFeXSOtclTjcV0dS9tKiwA1IVBwxnrK -> ../../dm-2

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Apr 11 09:25 lvm-pv-uuid-FAYN5y-YdiR-CywU-1vDf-Btz6-dkyt-TNy8ee -> ../../sda3

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Apr 11 09:25 wwn-0x5000c5007911cd0c -> ../../sda

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Apr 11 09:25 wwn-0x5000c5007911cd0c-part1 -> ../../sda1

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Apr 11 09:25 wwn-0x5000c5007911cd0c-part2 -> ../../sda2

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Apr 11 09:25 wwn-0x5000c5007911cd0c-part3 -> ../../sda3

 

可是當前環境下，VMware虛擬機（Linux）默認狀況下沒有開啓這個選項。

 

# ll /dev/disk/by-id

ls: /dev/disk/by-id: No such file or directory

# cd /dev/disk

# ls -lrt

total 0

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  60 May  3 19:35 by-uuid

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  60 May  3 19:35 by-label

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 640 May  3 19:35 by-path

 

並且在VMware vSphere Client連上VMware控制檯，你會發現這裏沒有提供硬盤的WWID信息，即便你在Linux中找到設備的WWID信息，可是在VMware控制檯也看不到對應的WWID信息，咱們還能夠經過計算機的SCSI編號來判斷，SCSI 可適用於許多設備（包括隨機存取設備，好比磁盤和像磁帶這樣的順序存儲設備），以下截圖所示，磁盤有個顯示是經過SCSI控制器管理磁盤的，硬盤9對應的爲SCSI（0:11）

 

 

 

 

 

[root@mylnx01 ~]# ll /dev/disk/by-path | grep '0:11'

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0 -> ../../sdj

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0-part1 -> ../../sdj1

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0-part2 -> ../../sdj2

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0-part3 -> ../../sdj3

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0-part4 -> ../../sdj4

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0-part5 -> ../../sdj5

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0-part6 -> ../../sdj6

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0-part7 -> ../../sdj7

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0-part8 -> ../../sdj8

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Apr 30 09:53 pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:11:0-part9 -> ../../sdj9

[root@mylnx01 ~]# ls -l /dev/sdj*

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 144 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 145 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj1

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 146 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj2

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 147 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj3

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 148 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj4

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 149 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj5

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 150 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj6

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 151 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj7

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 152 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj8

brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 153 Apr 30 09:53 /dev/sdj9

 

如上所示，咱們經過上面命令的輸出信息就能夠判斷磁盤9對應Linux下的/dev/sdj這個設備。