爲何要作這個呢?java
主要是蒐集一下app崩潰的日誌,以便更好的解決app的bug。固然如今也仍是有不少成熟的三方平臺,好比騰訊的bugly,bughd,這些都有良好的錯誤統計與分析。可是有時候咱們也須要本身來收集一下,因而就有了今天的文章。android
說到異常捕獲就須要實現 UncaughtExceptionHandler這個接口,代碼以下:服務器
import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.io.Writer; import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import android.content.Context; import android.content.pm.PackageInfo; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException; import android.os.Build; import android.os.Environment; import android.os.Looper; import android.util.Log; import android.widget.Toast; /** * UncaughtException處理類,當程序發生Uncaught異常的時候,有該類來接管程序,並記錄發送錯誤報告. * * @author user * */ public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler { public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler"; //系統默認的UncaughtException處理類 private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler; //CrashHandler實例 private static CrashHandler INSTANCE = new CrashHandler(); //程序的Context對象 private Context mContext; //用來存儲設備信息和異常信息 private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>(); //用於格式化日期,做爲日誌文件名的一部分 private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss"); /** 保證只有一個CrashHandler實例 */ private CrashHandler() { } /** 獲取CrashHandler實例 ,單例模式 */ public static CrashHandler getInstance() { return INSTANCE; } /** * 初始化 * * @param context */ public void init(Context context) { mContext = context; //獲取系統默認的UncaughtException處理器 mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(); //設置該CrashHandler爲程序的默認處理器 Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this); } /** * 當UncaughtException發生時會轉入該函數來處理 */ @Override public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) { if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) { //若是用戶沒有處理則讓系統默認的異常處理器來處理 mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex); } else { try { Thread.sleep(3000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e); } //退出程序 android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid()); System.exit(1); } } /** * 自定義錯誤處理,收集錯誤信息 發送錯誤報告等操做均在此完成. * * @param ex * @return true:若是處理了該異常信息;不然返回false. */ private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) { if (ex == null) { return false; } //使用Toast來顯示異常信息 new Thread() { @Override public void run() { Looper.prepare(); Toast.makeText(mContext, "很抱歉,程序出現異常,即將退出.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); Looper.loop(); } }.start(); //收集設備參數信息 collectDeviceInfo(mContext); //保存日誌文件 saveCrashInfo2File(ex); return true; } /** * 收集設備參數信息 * @param ctx */ public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) { try { PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager(); PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES); if (pi != null) { String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName; String versionCode = pi.versionCode + ""; infos.put("versionName", versionName); infos.put("versionCode", versionCode); } } catch (NameNotFoundException e) { Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e); } Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields(); for (Field field : fields) { try { field.setAccessible(true); infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString()); Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null)); } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e); } } } /** * 保存錯誤信息到文件中 * * @param ex * @return 返回文件名稱,便於將文件傳送到服務器 */ private String saveCrashInfo2File(Throwable ex) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) { String key = entry.getKey(); String value = entry.getValue(); sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n"); } Writer writer = new StringWriter(); PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer); ex.printStackTrace(printWriter); Throwable cause = ex.getCause(); while (cause != null) { cause.printStackTrace(printWriter); cause = cause.getCause(); } printWriter.close(); String result = writer.toString(); sb.append(result); try { long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); String time = formatter.format(new Date()); String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log"; if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) { String path = "/sdcard/crash/"; File dir = new File(path); if (!dir.exists()) { dir.mkdirs(); } FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName); fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes()); fos.close(); } return fileName; } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e); } return null; } }
而實例化CrashHandler ,我通常都是在Application 中:app
import android.app.Application; public class CrashApplication extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); CrashHandler crashHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance(); crashHandler.init(getApplicationContext()); } }
最後是清單文件,由於咱們須要實例化CrashHandler 以及把日誌存在了本地(能夠直接上報的),因此須要替換Application和添加必要的權限ide
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <application android:name=".CrashApplication" ...> </application>
基本就是這樣了,其實這個功能網上都是一大把,本身也有不少不足的地方,歡迎你們點評函數