GestureDetector.OnGestureListener 詳解

感謝android中國開發者的衆多先驅,本文主要內容來自於總結,一小部分是本身的體會。主要參考文章爲:java

http://www.williamhua.com/2009/04/23/android-touchscreen-gesture-recogniton/android

http://goro.iteye.com/blog/402163函數

Android Touch Screen 與傳統Click Touch Screen不一樣,會有一些手勢(Gesture),例如Fling,Scroll等等。這些Gesture會使用戶體驗大大提高。Android中的Gesture識別(detector)是經過GestureDetector.OnGestureListener接口實現的。this

首先,Android事件處理機制是基於Listener實現的,好比觸摸屏相關的事件,就是經過onTouchListener實現;spa

其次,全部View的子類均可以經過setOnTouchListener()、setOnKeyListener()等方法來添加對某一類事件的Listener;.net

第三,Listener通常會以Interface的方式來提供,其中包含一個或多個abstract方法,咱們須要實現這些方法來完成onTouch()、onKey()等操做。這樣,程序即可以在特定的事件被dispatch到該view的時候,經過callback函數給予適當的響應。code

1. Touch Screen Click舉例blog

Java代碼 複製代碼 收藏代碼
  1. public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {
  2. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  3. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  4. setContentView(R.layout.main);
  5. TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
  6. tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
  7. }
  8. public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
  9. Toast.makeText(this, "Touch Touch", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  10. return false;
  11. }
  12. }
  1. public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {
  2. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  3. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  4. setContentView(R.layout.main);
  5. TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
  6. tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
  7. }
  8. public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
  9. Toast.makeText(this, "Touch Touch", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  10. return false;
  11. }
  12. }
public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener { public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv); tv.setOnTouchListener(this); } public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { Toast.makeText(this, "Touch Touch", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return false; } }

咱們能夠經過MotionEvent的getAction()方法來獲取Touch事件的類型,包括 ACTION_DOWN(按下觸摸屏), ACTION_MOVE(按下觸摸屏後移動受力點), ACTION_UP(鬆開觸摸屏)和ACTION_CANCEL(不會由用戶直接觸發)。藉助對於用戶不一樣操做的判斷,結合getRawX()、getRawY()、getX()和getY()等方法來獲取座標後,咱們能夠實現諸如拖動某一個按鈕,拖動滾動條等功能。接口

2. 回到今天的重點,當咱們捕捉到Touch操做的時候,如何識別出用戶的Gesture?這裏咱們須要GestureDetector.OnGestureListener接口的幫助,代碼以下:事件

Java代碼 複製代碼 收藏代碼
  1. public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnGestureListener {
  2. private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;
  3. public MyGesture() {
  4. mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this);
  5. }
  6. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  7. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  8. setContentView(R.layout.main);
  9. TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
  10. tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
  11. tv.setFocusable(true);
  12. tv.setClickable(true);
  13. tv.setLongClickable(true);
  14. mGestureDetector.setIsLongpressEnabled(true);
  15. }
  16. /*
  17. * 在onTouch()方法中,咱們調用GestureDetector的onTouchEvent()方法,將捕捉到的MotionEvent交給GestureDetector
  18. * 來分析是否有合適的callback函數來處理用戶的手勢
  19. */
  20. public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
  21. return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
  22. }
  23. // 用戶輕觸觸摸屏,由1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN觸發
  24. public boolean onDown(MotionEvent arg0) {
  25. Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown");
  26. Toast.makeText(this, "onDown", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  27. return true;
  28. }
  29. /*
  30. * 用戶輕觸觸摸屏,還沒有鬆開或拖動,由一個1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN觸發
  31. * 注意和onDown()的區別,強調的是沒有鬆開或者拖動的狀態
  32. */
  33. public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {
  34. Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress");
  35. Toast.makeText(this, "onShowPress", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  36. }
  37. // 用戶(輕觸觸摸屏後)鬆開,由一個1個MotionEvent ACTION_UP觸發
  38. public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
  39. Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp");
  40. Toast.makeText(this, "onSingleTapUp", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  41. return true;
  42. }
  43. // 用戶按下觸摸屏、快速移動後鬆開,由1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多個ACTION_MOVE, 1個ACTION_UP觸發
  44. public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
  45. Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling");
  46. Toast.makeText(this, "onFling", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  47. return true;
  48. }
  49. // 用戶按下觸摸屏,並拖動,由1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多個ACTION_MOVE觸發
  50. public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {
  51. Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll");
  52. Toast.makeText(this, "onScroll", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  53. return true;
  54. }
  55. // 用戶長按觸摸屏,由多個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN觸發
  56. public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {
  57. Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress");
  58. Toast.makeText(this, "onLongPress", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  59. }
  60. }
  1. public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnGestureListener {
  2. private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;
  3. public MyGesture() {
  4. mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this);
  5. }
  6. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  7. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  8. setContentView(R.layout.main);
  9. TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
  10. tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
  11. tv.setFocusable(true);
  12. tv.setClickable(true);
  13. tv.setLongClickable(true);
  14. mGestureDetector.setIsLongpressEnabled(true);
  15. }
  16. /*
  17. * 在onTouch()方法中,咱們調用GestureDetector的onTouchEvent()方法,將捕捉到的MotionEvent交給GestureDetector
  18. * 來分析是否有合適的callback函數來處理用戶的手勢
  19. */
  20. public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
  21. return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
  22. }
  23. // 用戶輕觸觸摸屏,由1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN觸發
  24. public boolean onDown(MotionEvent arg0) {
  25. Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown");
  26. Toast.makeText(this, "onDown", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  27. return true;
  28. }
  29. /*
  30. * 用戶輕觸觸摸屏,還沒有鬆開或拖動,由一個1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN觸發
  31. * 注意和onDown()的區別,強調的是沒有鬆開或者拖動的狀態
  32. */
  33. public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {
  34. Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress");
  35. Toast.makeText(this, "onShowPress", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  36. }
  37. // 用戶(輕觸觸摸屏後)鬆開,由一個1個MotionEvent ACTION_UP觸發
  38. public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
  39. Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp");
  40. Toast.makeText(this, "onSingleTapUp", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  41. return true;
  42. }
  43. // 用戶按下觸摸屏、快速移動後鬆開,由1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多個ACTION_MOVE, 1個ACTION_UP觸發
  44. public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
  45. Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling");
  46. Toast.makeText(this, "onFling", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  47. return true;
  48. }
  49. // 用戶按下觸摸屏,並拖動,由1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多個ACTION_MOVE觸發
  50. public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {
  51. Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll");
  52. Toast.makeText(this, "onScroll", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  53. return true;
  54. }
  55. // 用戶長按觸摸屏,由多個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN觸發
  56. public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {
  57. Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress");
  58. Toast.makeText(this, "onLongPress", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  59. }
  60. }
public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnGestureListener { private GestureDetector mGestureDetector; public MyGesture() { mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this); } public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv); tv.setOnTouchListener(this); tv.setFocusable(true); tv.setClickable(true); tv.setLongClickable(true); mGestureDetector.setIsLongpressEnabled(true); } /* * 在onTouch()方法中,咱們調用GestureDetector的onTouchEvent()方法,將捕捉到的MotionEvent交給GestureDetector * 來分析是否有合適的callback函數來處理用戶的手勢 */ public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event); } // 用戶輕觸觸摸屏,由1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN觸發 public boolean onDown(MotionEvent arg0) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown"); Toast.makeText(this, "onDown", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return true; } /* * 用戶輕觸觸摸屏,還沒有鬆開或拖動,由一個1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN觸發 * 注意和onDown()的區別,強調的是沒有鬆開或者拖動的狀態 */ public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress"); Toast.makeText(this, "onShowPress", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } // 用戶(輕觸觸摸屏後)鬆開,由一個1個MotionEvent ACTION_UP觸發 public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp"); Toast.makeText(this, "onSingleTapUp", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return true; } // 用戶按下觸摸屏、快速移動後鬆開,由1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多個ACTION_MOVE, 1個ACTION_UP觸發 public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling"); Toast.makeText(this, "onFling", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); return true; } // 用戶按下觸摸屏,並拖動,由1個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多個ACTION_MOVE觸發 public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll"); Toast.makeText(this, "onScroll", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); return true; } // 用戶長按觸摸屏,由多個MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN觸發 public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress"); Toast.makeText(this, "onLongPress", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }

3. Fling事件的處理代碼:除了第一個觸發Fling的ACTION_DOWN和最後一個ACTION_MOVE中包含的座標等信息外,咱們還能夠根據用戶在X軸或者Y軸上的移動速度做爲條件。好比下面的代碼中咱們就在用戶移動超過100個像素,且X軸上每秒的移動速度大於200像素時才進行處理。

Java代碼 複製代碼 收藏代碼
  1. public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
  2. // 參數解釋:
  3. // e1:第1個ACTION_DOWN MotionEvent
  4. // e2:最後一個ACTION_MOVE MotionEvent
  5. // velocityX:X軸上的移動速度,像素/秒
  6. // velocityY:Y軸上的移動速度,像素/秒
  7. // 觸發條件 :
  8. // X軸的座標位移大於FLING_MIN_DISTANCE,且移動速度大於FLING_MIN_VELOCITY個像素/秒
  9. final int FLING_MIN_DISTANCE = 100, FLING_MIN_VELOCITY = 200;
  10. if (e1.getX() - e2.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {
  11. // Fling left
  12. Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling left");
  13. Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Left", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  14. } else if (e2.getX() - e1.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {
  15. // Fling right
  16. Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling right");
  17. Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Right", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  18. }
  19. return false;
  20. }
  1. public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
  2. // 參數解釋:
  3. // e1:第1個ACTION_DOWN MotionEvent
  4. // e2:最後一個ACTION_MOVE MotionEvent
  5. // velocityX:X軸上的移動速度,像素/秒
  6. // velocityY:Y軸上的移動速度,像素/秒
  7. // 觸發條件 :
  8. // X軸的座標位移大於FLING_MIN_DISTANCE,且移動速度大於FLING_MIN_VELOCITY個像素/秒
  9. final int FLING_MIN_DISTANCE = 100, FLING_MIN_VELOCITY = 200;
  10. if (e1.getX() - e2.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {
  11. // Fling left
  12. Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling left");
  13. Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Left", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  14. } else if (e2.getX() - e1.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {
  15. // Fling right
  16. Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling right");
  17. Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Right", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  18. }
  19. return false;
  20. }
public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) { // 參數解釋: // e1:第1個ACTION_DOWN MotionEvent // e2:最後一個ACTION_MOVE MotionEvent // velocityX:X軸上的移動速度,像素/秒 // velocityY:Y軸上的移動速度,像素/秒 // 觸發條件 : // X軸的座標位移大於FLING_MIN_DISTANCE,且移動速度大於FLING_MIN_VELOCITY個像素/秒 final int FLING_MIN_DISTANCE = 100, FLING_MIN_VELOCITY = 200; if (e1.getX() - e2.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) { // Fling left Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling left"); Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Left", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } else if (e2.getX() - e1.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) { // Fling right Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling right"); Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Right", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } return false; }

這個例子中,tv.setLongClickable(true )是必須的,由於 只有這樣,view纔可以處理不一樣於Tap(輕觸)的hold(即ACTION_MOVE,或者多個ACTION_DOWN),咱們一樣能夠經過layout定義中的android:longClickable來作到這一點。

4. SimpleOnGestureListener

Java代碼 複製代碼 收藏代碼
  1. public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {
  2. private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;
  3. public MyGesture() {
  4. mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(new MySimpleGesture());
  5. }
  6. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  7. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  8. setContentView(R.layout.main);
  9. TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
  10. tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
  11. tv.setFocusable(true);
  12. tv.setClickable(true);
  13. tv.setLongClickable(true);
  14. }
  15. public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
  16. if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
  17. Log.i("MyGesture", "MotionEvent.ACTION_UP");
  18. }
  19. return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
  20. }
  21. // SimpleOnGestureListener implements GestureDetector.OnDoubleTapListener, GestureDetector.OnGestureListener
  22. private class MySimpleGesture extends SimpleOnGestureListener {
  23. // 雙擊的第二下Touch down時觸發
  24. public boolean onDoubleTap(MotionEvent e) {
  25. Log.i("MyGesture", "onDoubleTap");
  26. return super.onDoubleTap(e);
  27. }
  28. // 雙擊的第二下Touch down和up都會觸發,可用e.getAction()區分
  29. public boolean onDoubleTapEvent(MotionEvent e) {
  30. Log.i("MyGesture", "onDoubleTapEvent");
  31. return super.onDoubleTapEvent(e);
  32. }
  33. // Touch down時觸發
  34. public boolean onDown(MotionEvent e) {
  35. Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown");
  36. return super.onDown(e);
  37. }
  38. // Touch了滑動一點距離後,up時觸發
  39. public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
  40. Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling");
  41. return super.onFling(e1, e2, velocityX, velocityY);
  42. }
  43. // Touch了不移動一直Touch down時觸發
  44. public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {
  45. Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress");
  46. super.onLongPress(e);
  47. }
  48. // Touch了滑動時觸發
  49. public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {
  50. Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll");
  51. return super.onScroll(e1, e2, distanceX, distanceY);
  52. }
  53. /*
  54. * Touch了尚未滑動時觸發
  55. * (1)onDown只要Touch Down必定馬上觸發
  56. * (2)Touch Down後過一會沒有滑動先觸發onShowPress再觸發onLongPress
  57. * So: Touch Down後一直不滑動,onDown -> onShowPress -> onLongPress這個順序觸發。
  58. */
  59. public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {
  60. Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress");
  61. super.onShowPress(e);
  62. }
  63. /*
  64. * 兩個函數都是在Touch Down後又沒有滑動(onScroll),又沒有長按(onLongPress),而後Touch Up時觸發
  65. * 點擊一下很是快的(不滑動)Touch Up: onDown->onSingleTapUp->onSingleTapConfirmed
  66. * 點擊一下稍微慢點的(不滑動)Touch Up: onDown->onShowPress->onSingleTapUp->onSingleTapConfirmed
  67. */
  68. public boolean onSingleTapConfirmed(MotionEvent e) {
  69. Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapConfirmed");
  70. return super.onSingleTapConfirmed(e);
  71. }
  72. public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
  73. Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp");
  74. return super.onSingleTapUp(e);
  75. }
  76. }
  77. }
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