selenium webdriver API

元素定位

#coding=utf-8

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
import time
binary = FirefoxBinary('/Applications/FirefoxDeveloperEdition.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin')
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)

driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
size = driver.find_element_by_id('kw').size
print(size)

text = driver.find_element_by_id('cp').text
print(text)

size1 = driver.find_element_by_id('kw').get_attribute('type')
print(size1)

size2 = driver.find_element_by_id('kw').is_displayed()
print(size2)

driver.find_element_by_id('kw').clear()
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('selenium')
driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()

time.sleep(2)
driver.get('http://news.baidu.com')

time.sleep(2)
driver.back()

time.sleep(2)
driver.forward()

time.sleep(2)
driver.refresh()

 

鼠標鍵盤操做

#coding=utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

import time
binary = FirefoxBinary('/Applications/FirefoxDeveloperEdition.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin')
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)

driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')

right_click = driver.find_element_by_id("listHolder")
# 右鍵
ActionChains(driver).context_click(right_click).perform()

# 鼠標懸停
above = driver.find_element_by_name("tj_settingicon")
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(above).perform()

#雙擊
double_click = driver.find_element_by_id('xx')
ActionChains(driver).double_click(double_click).perform()

# 拖動
drag_start = driver.find_element_by_id('xx')
drag_end = driver.find_element_by_id('cc')
ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(drag_start,drag_end).perform()

#輸入框輸入內容
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('hha')

#刪除多輸入的內容
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys(Keys.BACK_SPACE)

#輸入空格
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys(Keys.SPACE)

# ctrl+a全選
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys(Keys.CONTROL,'a')

#回車
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys(Keys.ENTER)

 顯式/隱式等待

#coding=utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

binary = FirefoxBinary('/Applications/FirefoxDeveloperEdition.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin')
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)

driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')

#顯式等待
element = WebDriverWait(driver,5,0.5).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.ID,'kw')))
element.send_keys('ss')

#隱式等待

from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
try:
    driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('ss')
except NoSuchElementException as e:
    print(e)

窗口/frame切換

#coding=utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
binary = FirefoxBinary('/Applications/FirefoxDeveloperEdition.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin')
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)

driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')

#iframe切換id或name,不然用XPATH定位
driver.switch_to.frame("if")

#返回以前頁面
driver.switch_to.parent_frame()

# 多窗口切換

#得到當前窗口句柄
search_windows=driver.current_window_handle

driver.find_element_by_link_text('登陸').click()
driver.find_element_by_link_text('當即註冊').click()

#獲取當前全部打開的窗口句柄
all_handles = driver.window_handles

#進入註冊窗口
for handle in all_handles:
    if handle != search_windows:
        driver.switch_to.window(handle)
        print('註冊。。。')
        # 填寫信息send_keys

#回到以前窗口
for handle in all_handles:
    if handle ==search_windows:
        driver.switch_to.window(handle)
        print('搜索。。。')
    

 警告框處理

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

driver.find_element_by_link_text("設置").click()
driver.find_element_by_class_name("setpref").click()
sleep(2)

# 保存設置
driver.find_element_by_class_name("prefpanelgo").click()
sleep(2)

# 接受警告框
driver.switch_to.alert().accept()

driver.quit()

文件下載

from selenium import webdriver
import os

# download.default_directory 指定文件下載路徑。
# profile.default_content_settings.popups 設置0，禁止下載時彈出窗口。

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
prefs = {'profile.default_content_settings.popups': 0,
         'download.default_directory': os.getcwd()
         }
options.add_experimental_option('prefs', prefs)

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
driver.get("http://pypi.Python.org/pypi/selenium")
driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text("selenium-3.0.2.tar.gz").click()

文件上傳

from selenium import webdriver
import os, time

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
file_path = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath('./webdriver_api/web_page/upfile.html')
driver.get(file_path)

time.sleep(2)
# 定位上傳按鈕，添加本地文件
driver.find_element_by_name("file").send_keys(os.path.abspath('./webdriver_api/web_page/upload_file.txt'))
time.sleep(5)
driver.quit()

操做cookie

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

'''
  * get_cookies() 得到全部 cookie 信息。
  * get_cookie(name) 返回字典的 key 爲「 name」的 cookie 信息。
  * add_cookie(cookie_dict) 添加 cookie。「 cookie_dict」指字典對象，必須有name和value 值。
  * delete_cookie(name,optionsString)  刪除 cookie 信息。「name」是要刪除的 cookie 的名稱，
                                       「optionsString」是該 cookie 的選項，目前支持的選項包括「路徑」，「域」。
  * delete_all_cookies() 刪除全部 cookie 信息。
'''

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

# 向 cookie 的 name 和 value 中添加會話信息
driver.add_cookie({'name': 'key-aaaaaaa', 'value': 'value-bbbbbb'})

# 遍歷 cookies 中的 name 和 value 信息並打印，固然還有上面添加的信息
for cookie in driver.get_cookies():
    print("%s -> %s" % (cookie['name'], cookie['value']))

driver.quit()

調用javascript

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep

#execute_script() 調用JavaScript操做Web。

driver=webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

driver.set_window_size(600, 600)
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("selenium")
driver.find_element_by_id("su").click()
sleep(2)

# 經過 javascript 設置瀏覽器窗口的滾動條位置
js="window.scrollTo(100,450);"
driver.execute_script(js)
sleep(3)
driver.quit()

窗口截圖

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep
import os

# get_screenshot_as_file() 截取窗口圖片。
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('selenium')
driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
sleep(2)

# 截取當前窗口，並指定截圖圖片的保存位置
driver.get_screenshot_as_file(os.path.abspath('./webdriver_api/web_page/baidu_page.jpg'))
driver.quit()

視頻播放處理

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://videojs.com/")
video = driver.find_element_by_id("home_video")

# 返回播放文件地址
url = driver.execute_script("return arguments[0].currentSrc;", video)
print(url)

# 播放視頻
print("start")
driver.execute_script("return arguments[0].play()", video)

# 播放 15 秒鐘
sleep(15)

# 暫停視頻
print("stop")
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].pause()", video)
driver.quit()

下拉框選擇

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
import os

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
file_path = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath('./webdriver_api/web_page/select_tag.html')
driver.get(file_path)

sel = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='status']")
Select(sel).select_by_value('0')  #未審覈
Select(sel).select_by_value('1')  #初審經過
Select(sel).select_by_value('2')  #複審經過
Select(sel).select_by_value('3')  #審覈不經過