centos7最小版本安裝nginx+tomcat+java+mysql運行環境

　　最近項目從windows搬到linux，因爲項目組成員有限而且有其它緊急的任務須要處理，於是這個任務就落到個人頭上了。下面記錄下centos最小版本安裝nginx+tomcat+mysql+java的運行環境。

• centos7 minimal安裝

　　參考：http://www.tecmint.com/centos-7-installation/

• 安裝java

　　下載Java，可到oracle官網獲取相應的鏈接

wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2

# 更名：
mv jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2 jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
# 解壓： 
tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
# 更換目錄：
mv ./jdk1.7.0_79 /usr/local/ jdk1.7.0_79

　　添加到環境變量

root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile
# 在export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL下添加

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_79
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

　　執行

source /etc/profile

　　使環境變量生效

　　查看是否安裝成功

[root@localhost jdk1.7.0_79]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)

• 安裝tomcat

# 建立用戶
groupadd tomcat
useradd -s /bin/bash -g tomcat tomcat

# 下載：
wget http://apache.opencas.org/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.68/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz
# 解壓：
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz
# 複製：
cp -R ./apache-tomcat-7.0.68 /usr/local
cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68
# 修改權限：
chown -R tomcat:tomcat apache-tomcat-7.0.68
# 啓動：
sh ./bin/startup.sh

　　將8080端口添加到防火牆例外並重啓

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

　　訪問：http://IP:8080/，熟悉的感受

• 安裝Mysql

# 建立用戶
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /dev/null mysql
# 查看mysql用戶
id mysql
# 下載：
wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
mkdir /data
cd /data
mkdir mysql
cd mysql
mkdir -p mysql3306/{logs,tmp,data}
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf

vi /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf
# 修改
# 指定data目錄
datadir=/data/mysql/mysql3306/data/
# 指定監聽端口
port=3306
# 表名忽略大小寫
lower_case_table_names=1

 

　　初始化mysql，（注意獲取初始化密碼），命令安裝也可參考：centos7 安裝mysql5.7.11注意事項

 

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --initialize
2016-02-26T10:28:43.821897Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-02-26T10:28:43.822126Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2016-02-26T10:28:43.822138Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.311120Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-02-26T10:28:44.411026Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.492963Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b671cd20-dc73-11e5-abe1-000c29c3b190.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.495657Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.511137Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fUVd&7p,qbf0
# 此處須要注意root用戶生成的隨機密碼，後面要用到。

 

　　啓動mysql

 

 bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=root

 

　　設置root用戶密碼

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password
Enter password: 
New password: 
Confirm new password: 
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

　　編輯/etc/profile，將mysql添加到環境變量（可參考java添加環境變量的方法）

 

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

 

• 安裝nginx

　　安裝依賴庫

 

yum -y install gcc-c++
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel libssl-dev

 

　　下載並解壓

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz

　　編譯安裝

./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --with-http_ssl_module
make
make install

　　若是沒報錯的話，查看是否安裝成功

whereis nginx

　　添加到防火牆例外

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

　　啓動nginx

 

/usr/local/nginx/nginx

 

　　訪問：http://IP/，熟悉的味道

 

 

• Nginx和tomcat整合

　　tomcat配置

###### Tomcat配置
# 建立tomcat項目默認目錄
mkdir /home/www/web/jsp/
# 配置tomcat默認項目
# ./conf/server.xml中的Host節點中添加
<Context path="" debug="0" docBase="/home/www/web/jsp/" reloadable="true"></Context>
# 重啓tomcat
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/bin/startup.sh
# 建立index.jsp內容爲「tomcat web project index page」

 

　　http://IP:8080/

　　

　　建立test.html，內容爲「tomcat test html」

　　http://192.168.222.128:8080/test.html

　　

　　nginx配置

　　建立nginx靜態文件存放目錄

 

mkdir /home/www/web/ROOT

 

　　代理設置

[root@localhost nginx]# vi proxy.conf

#!nginx 
# proxy.conf
proxy_redirect          off;
proxy_set_header        Host $host;
proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  #獲取真實ip
#proxy_set_header       X-Forwarded-For   $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #獲取代理者的真實ip
client_max_body_size    10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout   90;
proxy_send_timeout      90;
proxy_read_timeout      90;
proxy_buffer_size       4k;
proxy_buffers           4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;

　　配置nginx.conf

 

#運行nginx所在的用戶名和用戶組
#user  www www;
 
#啓動進程數
worker_processes 8;
#全局錯誤日誌及PID文件
error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;
 
#pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
 
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
 
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#工做模式及鏈接數上限
events
{
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 65535;
}
#設定http服務器，利用它的反向代理功能提供負載均衡支持
http
{
        #設定mime類型
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
        include /usr/local/nginx/proxy.conf;
        #charset  gb2312;
        #設定請求緩衝   
        server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
        #client_max_body_size 8m;
         
        sendfile on;
        tcp_nopush     on;
         
        keepalive_timeout 60;
         
        tcp_nodelay on;
         
        #  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
        #  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
        #  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
        #  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
        #  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
        #  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
        #  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
         
        #  gzip on;
        #  gzip_min_length  1k;
        #  gzip_buffers     4 16k;
        #  gzip_http_version 1.0;
        #  gzip_comp_level 2;
        #  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
        #  gzip_vary on;
         
        #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;
        ###禁止經過ip訪問站點
        #server{
        #       server_name _;
        #       return 404;
        #}


        server
        {
                listen       80;
                server_name  localhost;
                index index.html index.htm index.jsp;#設定訪問的默認首頁地址
                root  /home/www/web/ROOT;#設定網站的資源存放路徑

                #limit_conn   crawler  20;   

                location / {
                        index   index.html index.jsp;
                }        

                location ~ .*.jsp$ #全部jsp的頁面均交由tomcat處理
                {
                        index index.jsp;
                        proxy_pass http://192.168.222.128:8080;#轉向tomcat處理
                }
         
         
                location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #設定訪問靜態文件直接讀取不通過tomcat
                {
                        expires      30d;
                }
         
                location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
                {
                        expires      1h;
                }
         
                #定義訪問日誌的寫入格式
                #log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                #'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                #'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
                #access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/localhost.log access;#設定訪問日誌的存放路徑
         
        }
}

 

　　檢測配置文件

/usr/local/nginx/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

　　平滑重啓nginx

/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload

　　/home/www/web/ROOT目錄下建立test.html內容爲「nginx static html」

　　訪問：http://IP/test.html

　　此時訪問的是nginx靜態資源所在的目錄

　　http://IP/index.jsp

　　

　　此時html等靜態文件訪問的是nginx指定的靜態文件目錄，而jsp文件則分發到tomcat進行處理。

 

 

 

• 服務自啓動

　　mysql自啓動

 

1./usr/lib/systemd/system目錄下新建mysql.service
    [Unit]
Description=mysql
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
#LimitNOFILE=max_open_files
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=mysql
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=false
#Nice=nice_level
#LimitCore=core_file_limit
#Environment="LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/mysql/lib"
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

 

　　容許mysql開機啓動

 

systemctl enable mysql

 

　　檢查配置是否成功

systemctl is-enabled mysql

　　mysql開啓慢查詢

 

/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf中添加
# 慢日誌
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/logs/localhost-slow.log
slow_launch_time=1

 

　　nginx和tomcat自啓動（和mysql相似，再也不闡述）