LeetCode 156 Binary Tree Upside Down 上下翻轉二叉樹

LeetCode 156 Binary Tree Upside Downnode

Given a binary tree where all the right nodes are either leaf nodes with a sibling (a left node that shares the same parent node) or empty, flip it upside down and turn it into a tree where the original right nodes turned into left leaf nodes. Return the new root.ide

Example:指針

Input: [1,2,3,4,5]code

1
   / \
  2   3
 / \
4   5

Output: return the root of the binary tree [4,5,2,#,#,3,1]
翻轉之後以下:遞歸

4
  / \
 5   2
    / \
   3   1

解題思路:
翻轉的形式一開始不是很清楚,可是discuss裏面的高票答案給了一個很好的解釋。看例子,樹的左邊最深的底層是4,4是新的root。對於每一個root node,將連接右孩子的指針去掉,將root node變爲當前左孩子的left node,root node成爲左孩子的right node。ip

1
   /  x
  2 -- 3
 /  x
4 -- 5
^
new root

遞歸的寫法:leetcode

public TreeNode upsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode root) {
        if (root == null || root.left == null) {
            return root;
        }
        //遞歸調用獲得新的root,而且沿途改變結構。
        TreeNode newRoot = upsideDownBinaryTree(root.left);
        root.left.left = root.right;
        root.left.right = root;
        //千萬記得將root node 的左右兩邊設爲null
        root.left = null;
        root.right = null;
        return newRoot;
    }

遍歷的解法
遍歷的解法須要四個指針,如圖所示,每次先update next,而後對swap上一個node的右孩子和這個node的左孩子,因此每次咱們須要一個temp來記錄上一個node的右邊孩子。get

prev -> 1
          /  x
 curr -> 2 -- 3  <-temp
        /  x
next-> 4 -- 5
      ^
    new root

代碼以下it

public TreeNode upsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode root) {
        //iterative
        TreeNode curr = root;
        TreeNode prev = null;
        TreeNode next = null;
        TreeNode temp = null;
        while(curr != null) {
            next = curr.left;
            //swap nodes, we need to keep a temp to track the right node
            curr.left = temp;
            temp = curr.right;
            curr.right = prev;
            
            prev = curr;
            curr = next;
        }
        return prev;
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