canvas原生實現直播視頻彈幕效果。javascript
上一篇中用動態建立DOM元素實現彈幕效果,好處是能夠在DOM元素上添加事件,但問題是當大量彈幕出現會形成頁面卡頓,因而嘗試用canvas繪製彈幕效果。css
let canvas = document.getElementById('canvas'); let ctx = canvas.getContext('2d'); ctx.font = '20px Microsoft YaHei'; //字體、大小 ctx.fillStyle = '#000000'; //字體顏色 ctx.fillText('canvas 繪製文字', 100, 100); //文本,字體x,y座標
ctx.measureText('文本寬度').width
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);
一、建立canvas元素利用絕對定位覆蓋在視頻上
二、建立Barrage類,添加的彈幕緩存到彈幕列表中,並記錄相應彈幕信息
三、繪製彈幕文本,用文本偏移量控制移動速度
四、計算當文本超出畫布時移出彈幕列表html
//html <div style="position:relative;width:500px;height:400px;text-align:center;"> <video controls="controls" autoplay="autoplay" style="width:100%;height:100%;"> <source src="http://www.w3school.com.cn/i/movie.ogg" type="video/ogg" /> <source src="http://www.w3school.com.cn/i/movie.mp4" type="video/mp4" /> Your browser does not support the video tag. </video> <canvas id="canvas" width="500" height="400" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;"> 您的瀏覽器不支持canvas標籤。 </canvas> </div> //js (function () { class Barrage { constructor(canvas) { this.canvas = document.getElementById(canvas); let rect = this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect(); this.w = rect.right - rect.left; this.h = rect.bottom - rect.top; this.ctx = this.canvas.getContext('2d'); this.ctx.font = '20px Microsoft YaHei'; this.barrageList = []; } //添加彈幕列表 shoot(value) { let top = this.getTop(); let color = this.getColor(); let offset = this.getOffset(); let width = Math.ceil(this.ctx.measureText(value).width); let barrage = { value: value, top: top, left: this.w, color: color, offset: offset, width: width } this.barrageList.push(barrage); } //開始繪製 draw() { if (this.barrageList.length) { this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.w, this.h); for (let i = 0; i < this.barrageList.length; i++) { let b = this.barrageList[i]; if (b.left + b.width <= 0) { this.barrageList.splice(i, 1); i--; continue; } b.left -= b.offset; this.drawText(b); } } requestAnimationFrame(this.draw.bind(this)); } //繪製文字 drawText(barrage) { this.ctx.fillStyle = barrage.color; this.ctx.fillText(barrage.value, barrage.left, barrage.top); } //獲取隨機顏色 getColor() { return '#' + Math.floor(Math.random() * 0xffffff).toString(16); } //獲取隨機top getTop() { //canvas繪製文字x,y座標是按文字左下角計算,預留30px return Math.floor(Math.random() * (this.h - 30)) + 30; } //獲取偏移量 getOffset() { return +(Math.random() * 4).toFixed(1) + 1; } } let barrage = new Barrage('canvas'); barrage.draw(); const textList = ['彈幕', '666', '233333333', 'javascript', 'html', 'css', '前端框架', 'Vue', 'React', 'Angular','測試彈幕效果' ]; textList.forEach((t) => { barrage.shoot(t); }) })();
canvas能夠實現不少動畫效果,尤爲是當咱們須要動態建立大量元素時,使用canvas能夠優化動畫顯示效果,改善用戶體驗,提高性能。前端