用戶在調用被動態代理過的對象的方法時,調用的請求會被自動發給代理對象(實現了InvocationHandler接口)的invoke()方法,由invoke()方法來實現對請求的統一處理。java
Java.lang.reflect.Proxyc++
public class Proxy implements java.io.Serializable { private static final Class<?>[] constructorParams = { InvocationHandler.class }; private static final WeakCache<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>> proxyClassCache = new WeakCache<>(new KeyFactory(), new ProxyClassFactory()); ...... @CallerSensitive public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces, InvocationHandler h) throws IllegalArgumentException { Objects.requireNonNull(h); final Class<?>[] intfs = interfaces.clone(); //淺克隆 final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); if (sm != null) { checkProxyAccess(Reflection.getCallerClass(), loader, intfs); } //生成代理類的class Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs); /* * Invoke its constructor with the designated invocation handler. */ try { if (sm != null) { checkNewProxyPermission(Reflection.getCallerClass(), cl); } //getConstructor(InvocationHandler.class) 獲取代理類的構造器 final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams); final InvocationHandler ih = h; if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) { AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() { public Void run() { cons.setAccessible(true); return null; } }); } //代理類實例化返回 return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h}); } ...... } private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>... interfaces) { if (interfaces.length > 65535) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded"); } // key爲WeakReference,若緩存中存在相同key,則返回ProxyClass,若不存在,則用ProxyClassFactory建立ProxyClass。 return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces); //java.lang.reflect.WeakCache 這個內核分析? } ...... }
private static final class ProxyClassFactory implements BiFunction<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>> { // 全部代理類ProxyClass名字的前綴 private static final String proxyClassNamePrefix = "$Proxy"; // 用計數器生成代理類ProxyClass的名字 private static final AtomicLong nextUniqueNumber = new AtomicLong(); @Override public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) { Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length); //對每個interface Class進行驗證 for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) { /* * Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this * interface to the same Class object. */ Class<?> interfaceClass = null; try { interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { } if (interfaceClass != intf) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( intf + " is not visible from class loader"); } /* * Verify that the Class object actually represents an * interface. */ if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface"); } /* * Verify that this interface is not a duplicate. * 用IdentityHashMap來驗證interface Class的惟一性,由於IdentityHashMap的key比較是==,即比較內存地址。 */ if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName()); } } String proxyPkg = null; int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL; // 對於非公共接口,ProxyClass的包名設置爲接口的包名 for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) { int flags = intf.getModifiers(); if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) { accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL; String name = intf.getName(); int n = name.lastIndexOf('.'); String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1)); if (proxyPkg == null) { proxyPkg = pkg; } else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "non-public interfaces from different packages"); } } } // 對於公共接口,ProxyClass的包名爲com.sun.proxy if (proxyPkg == null) { proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + "."; } long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement(); //ProxyClass的徹底限定名 String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num; //由c++寫的ProxyGenerator生成代理類的二進制字節碼 byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass( proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags); try { // 根據二進制字節碼返回相應的ProxyClass return defineClass0(loader, proxyName, proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length); } catch (ClassFormatError e) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString()); } } }
如下是反編譯$Proxy0.class:緩存
public final class $Proxy0 extends Proxy implements MyInterface1{ private static Method m1; private static Method m3; private static Method m0; private static Method m2; public $Proxy0(InvocationHandler paramInvocationHandler) { super(paramInvocationHandler); } public final boolean equals(Object paramObject) { try { return ((Boolean)this.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[] { paramObject })).booleanValue(); } catch (Error|RuntimeException localError) { throw localError; } catch (Throwable localThrowable) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(localThrowable); } } public final void sayHello(String paramString) { try { this.h.invoke(this, m3, new Object[] { paramString }); return; } catch (Error|RuntimeException localError) { throw localError; } catch (Throwable localThrowable) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(localThrowable); } } public final int hashCode() { try { return ((Integer)this.h.invoke(this, m0, null)).intValue(); } catch (Error|RuntimeException localError) { throw localError; } catch (Throwable localThrowable) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(localThrowable); } } public final String toString() { try { return (String)this.h.invoke(this, m2, null); } catch (Error|RuntimeException localError) { throw localError; } catch (Throwable localThrowable) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(localThrowable); } } static { try { m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", new Class[] { Class.forName("java.lang.Object") }); m3 = Class.forName("com.mikan.proxy.MyInterface1").getMethod("sayHello", new Class[] { Class.forName("java.lang.String") }); m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode", new Class[0]); m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString", new Class[0]); return; } catch (NoSuchMethodException localNoSuchMethodException) { throw new NoSuchMethodError(localNoSuchMethodException.getMessage()); } catch (ClassNotFoundException localClassNotFoundException) { throw new NoClassDefFoundError(localClassNotFoundException.getMessage()); } } }
$Proxy0.class的總結:app
對於要代理沒有接口的類,則必須繼承該沒有接口的類,從而覆蓋其方法,但因爲java不能多繼承,這裏代理類已經繼承了Proxy類了,不能再繼承其餘的類,因此JDK的動態代理不支持對實現類的代理,只支持接口的代理。ide
構造方法的入參爲InvocationHandler,這說明該代理類是實現了InvocationHandler接口的類的代理類,而InvocationHandler實現類再代理真正的實體類。源碼分析
靜態代碼塊會初始化真正實體類的Method對象,以及Object類的equals、hashCode、toString的Method對象。ui
總結:
Proxy 會從內部類WeakCache中根據ClassLoader 和interfaces獲取ProxyClass(若緩存中存在相同key,則返回ProxyClass,若不存在,則用ProxyClassFactory建立ProxyClass(由ProxyGenerator生成二進制碼,再將寫成*.class文件))。this
切面InvocationHandler:代理
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { // BeforeAdvice Object retVal = null; try { retVal = method.invoke(target, args); // AroundAdvice 代替該語句 // AfterReturningAdvice } catch (Throwable e) { // AfterThrowingAdvice } finally { //finally塊必定會在return前面執行。 // AfterAdvice } return retVal; }